Actually India is not exactly free healthcare. India has a large population, but it also has a relatively poor and deprived economy. There are public hospitals in India, but of course there are also a lot of private hospitals. A large part of the so-called free medical care is for very small illnesses, and it's only in public hospitals that it's free.
If you do get a lot of serious illnesses, you still have to spend some money or go to a private hospital. Usually, only the poor people at the bottom of the ladder crowd public hospitals for minor illnesses. The middle class rich people usually choose private hospitals. This is because public hospitals in India are comparatively bad in terms of environment and do not have any very good facilities.
The main reason why India has such a policy of free health care is because in the past, it was for the sake of votes. India's economy is not strong enough, let alone to have so much free healthcare. The reason why there was this free policy in the first place. It was because during the time of Nehru once upon a time, this free healthcare system was enforced in order to gain the support of the people. That way it would get a lot of votes too.
And Indian officials believe that free healthcare has actually helped India save a lot of money. This is because free healthcare is mainly for people who suffer from minor ailments. The free treatment of these minor illnesses will not lead to major illnesses in later years. So relatively speaking, it also saves a lot of money. And it can also win the hearts and minds of the people. In fact, India is so poor countries can be free health care, is just a gimmick.
The amount of money invested by the government in healthcare is also very small. Almost all of these hospitals for minor ailments are not very good. But overall it was all acceptable. In addition, when India first gained independence from the British, it followed this system of free health care. In short, under the influence of a combination of factors, India has formed this free medical system for minor illnesses. Feel free to come along and discuss.