(A) pressure steam sterilization
Pressure steam sterilization or pressure saturated steam sterilization is one of the most effective and reliable method of sterilization of experimental materials, applicable to high temperature, high humidity, medical instruments and laboratory equipment sterilization, commonly used equipment, including downstream pressure steam sterilizer and pre-vacuum pressure steam sterilizer, of which pre-vacuum and pulsating vacuum pressure sterilizer is suitable for porous items, but not for liquid sterilization. Pre-vacuum and pulsating vacuum pressure sterilizers are suitable for the sterilization of porous articles, but not for the sterilization of liquids. The use of pressure steam sterilizers is detailed in Chapter 3, Section 5 of this book.
(B) dry heat sterilization
1. Scope of application
Applicable to high temperature without damage, deterioration, non-evaporation of the sterilization of items; for the sterilization of instruments that do not tolerate heat and humidity; for the sterilization of items that can not be penetrated by steam or gas, such as glass, oils and greases, powders, and metal and other products of the disinfection sterilization.
2. Sterilization methods
(1) Sterilization with dry heat sterilization oven, sterilization conditions: 160 ℃, 2 hours; or 170 ℃, 1 hour; or 180 ℃, 30 minutes. Mostly use mechanical convection type oven.
(2) Precautions: items to be sterilized before dry heat sterilization should be washed to prevent sterilization failure or dirt charring; glassware should be washed and dried before sterilization; do not contact with the bottom of the oven and the four walls of the sterilization, sterilization, to wait until the temperature drops below 40 ℃ and then open the box in order to prevent blowing up; the items can not be too large a package, not more than 10 cm × 10 cm × 20 cm, the items can not be more than 2/3 of the height of the oven; there should be sufficient space between the items (can be put into a hand); the thickness of the oil, powder should not exceed 0.635 cm; the thickness of the Vaseline gauze strips should not exceed 1.3 cm; the temperature is higher than 170 ℃, the organic matter will be carbonized, so the organic items sterilized, the temperature should not be too high.