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Portable, laptop, notebook computer, NB for short, also known as laptop or laptop, is a small, portable personal computer, usually weighing 1-3 kg. The current development trend is getting smaller and lighter, but stronger. In order to reduce the size, notebook computers usually have LCD screens (also called LCD screens). In addition to keyboards, some are equipped with touch pads or pointing sticks as pointing devices.
At present, notebook computers can be roughly divided into four categories: business type, fashion type, multimedia application type and special purpose type. The characteristics of business notebook computers can generally be summarized as strong mobility and long battery life; Stylish notebook computer with unique appearance and suitable for business use; Multimedia application notebook computer combines powerful graphics and multimedia processing capabilities with certain mobility. Common multimedia notebook computers in the market have independent advanced graphics cards, large screens and other characteristics. Special notebook computer is a model for professionals, which can be used in hot, cold, low pressure, war and other harsh environments. Most of them are heavy.
Composition of notebook computer
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Shell: The shell not only looks beautiful, but also protects the internal equipment of the desktop computer. The more popular shell materials are: engineering plastics, magnesium-aluminum alloys, carbon fiber composite materials (carbon fiber composite plastics). Among them, the shell of carbon fiber composite material not only has the low density and high ductility of engineering plastics, but also has the rigidity and shielding of magnesium-aluminum alloy, so it is an excellent shell material. The shell material marked by general hardware suppliers refers to the upper surface material of notebook computers, and engineering plastics are generally used in the grip and bottom.
Liquid crystal display (LCD): The notebook computer has been using LCD as its standard output device since its birth, which can be roughly divided into STN, TFT and so on. At present, the excellent civil LCD screens are Sharp's "Super Black Crystal" and Toshiba's "Low Temperature Polycrystalline Silicon", both of which are TFT LCD screens. In addition to the screen, the lighting equipment of LCD screen is also very important. Poor quality lamps will make the color temperature deviation of LCD screen very serious (mainly yellow or red).
Processor: Processor is the core equipment of personal computer, and notebook computer is no exception. Different from desktop computers, the processor of notebook computers should consider power consumption in addition to performance indicators such as speed. Not only the processor itself is a big energy consumer, but also the energy consumption of the whole cooling system of notebook computer due to the rising temperature of the processor can not be ignored.
Cooling system: The cooling system of notebook computer consists of heat conduction equipment and cooling equipment. Its basic principle is that heat conduction equipment (heat pipe is generally used now) concentrates heat to heat dissipation equipment (heat sink and fan are generally used now, and some models use water cooling system). Unknown heat dissipation equipment also has a keyboard, which will dissipate a lot of heat between taps.
Pointer: Notebooks are usually equipped with a set of pointers (equivalent to the mouse of a desktop computer, and some models are equipped with two sets of pointers). In the early days, trackballs were generally used as pointing devices, but now touchpads and pointing sticks are more popular.
Hard disk: The performance of hard disk has a vital impact on the overall performance of the system. The bigger the hard disk, the better? Of course not. Because the bigger the hard disk, the longer it takes to search for information. At present, mainstream notebook computers should be equipped with at least 10GB or 12GB hard disk to ensure sufficient space for mobile office. For users who need to surf the Internet frequently, in order to store a large number of hard disk buffers and downloaded software, this capacity of the hard disk should also be sufficient. However, if you need a laptop instead of a desktop computer, or if you don't have any backup devices, such as CD-RW or ZIP, and if you often make some multimedia presentation files, you can choose a hard disk with a capacity of 12GB or 20GB because files such as sound, images and animation need to occupy a lot of hard disk space. Of course, if you pay great attention to the performance of hard disk, you can choose IBM's latest 5200 r/min 30GB- ultrasonic large-capacity hard disk.
Due to the limitation of calorific value, power consumption and volume, the rotational speed, continuous transmission speed and random transmission speed of notebook computer hard disk are lower than those of desktop hard disk. At present, the hard disk speed of mainstream desktops is 7200 rpm, while the hard disk speed of notebook computers has just reached 4200 rpm. At present, the speed of the fastest notebook computer hard disk is 4900 rpm, while the average speed of hard disk is about 4200 rpm. The average user is not easy to perceive their differences.
The existing notebook computer hard disk has four thickness specifications. 17mm,12.5mm, 9.5mm and 7mm ... The thickness of the hard disk used is mainly determined by the space of the hard disk compartment inside the notebook computer. Some laptops are designed with more space? Use 17mm hard disk? Generally speaking, a fully built-in laptop with 17mm hard disk will do? Because the overall thickness will be greater? So it is used less now. At present, the maximum capacity of a hard disk with a thickness of 12.5mm has reached 18GB? It can completely meet the needs of notebook computer users. At present, the driving scheme adopted by most notebook computers is: the hard disk can be easily plugged and unplugged through a special socket, which is much more convenient than the desktop; Some high-end laptops can also be plugged into a second hard disk at the same time.
Batteries are different from desktop computers. Battery is not only one of the most important parts of notebook computer, but also determines its convenience to use to a great extent. For notebook computers, the thin and light requirements make the requirements for batteries unusual. According to IDC research report? Compared with weight, display size, backlight and other factors? The battery life of notebook computers is the most concerned issue for users.
Rechargeable batteries are widely used in notebook computers, and also provide support for ordinary civil alternating current, which is equivalent to providing a UPS with excellent performance for computers. But whether civil alternating current can be used depends on the type of battery. There are roughly three kinds of batteries that can be seen now. One is a relatively rare nickel-cadmium battery, which has a memory effect, that is, the battery must be fully used before being charged separately, and it must be fully charged at one time before it can be used. If there is insufficient charge and discharge each time, the battery capacity will be reduced due to insufficient charge or incomplete discharge; The second type is Ni-MH battery, which basically has no memory effect and can be charged and discharged at will. Therefore, when in use, you can use the computer while connecting the power adapter provided with the notebook computer to alternating current. At this time, if the battery is insufficient, you can use the computer while charging, and if the AC power supply fails, the battery can automatically supply power. The nominal power supply time of the above two batteries is generally less than 2 hours, and the actual service time is generally around 1 hour. There is little difference in price between the two batteries. The third kind of lithium battery is the mainstream product at present, which is characterized by high voltage, light weight, high energy, no memory effect and can be charged at any time. Under the same other conditions, the power supply time of lithium-ion battery with the same weight is 5% longer than that of nickel-hydrogen battery, generally more than 2 hours, and some can even reach 4 hours. The latest technology of ultra-long lithium battery can charge for as long as 6 to 7.5 hours? What if a second battery is used? Can you last three hours? * * * Can I use 9 to 1 1 hour together? Depending on the usage? Can meet the needs of all-day mobile office. High-end laptops are equipped with this battery.
In addition to the capacity and quality of the battery itself, the power management ability of notebook computers is also something that users must consider. At present, almost all notebook computers support ACPI power management function, and the control chipset of the motherboard can also control the clock of the memory and set the memory in a low power consumption state to reduce energy consumption. Intel SpeedStep technology extends battery life by slowing down the processor. Another battery-related power adapter has the function of automatically stopping charging when the battery is full and only supplying power to the host, which can effectively prevent the battery from being overcharged and help to prolong the battery life. At the same time, some high-end notebook computers are in circuit design? Use a lot of low-power electronic components? Its power consumption will be much lower.
Sound card and graphics card 16-bit sound card is widely used in notebook computers at present, and there are also 32-bit sound cards. But the difference of their acoustic effects is inaudible to ordinary people's ears. Therefore, the notebook computer with 16-bit sound card can be completely suitable for general office and entertainment.
The notebook computer has no independent graphics card, and the display chip is integrated on the motherboard. Like CPU, the manufacturing and design of notebook computer display chip adopts a higher technical level than desktop computer display chip. At present, the technology level of desktop computer display chip is generally 0.25 micron technology, and notebook display chip also adopts more advanced 0. 18 micron technology.
General display chips are enough to meet the needs of common office software. However, with the application of 3D multimedia software and the need of professional production, and the good support of Pentium II/III processor for multimedia and AGP, the 3D display performance of notebook computer display chips is becoming more and more popular, and various manufacturers have also introduced notebook computers that support AGP display and have 3D acceleration function. At present, Ati's products are very good in the display chips of notebook computers, especially from the introduction of Rage LT Pro chips by Ati to the later RAGE Mobility-P, Rage Mobility M 1 and the latest Rage Mobility 128, which has increasingly consolidated its position in the high-end notebook computer display chip market. In addition, products such as Trident Cyber9525DVD and Silicon Motion Lynx3DM make notebook display chips face unprecedented competition.