Benefiting from the support of new terminal products and new markets, the global PCB market has successfully achieved recovery and growth. According to statistics from the Hong Kong Printed Circuit Board Association (HKPCA), the global PCB market will develop steadily in 2011 and is expected to grow by 6-9, while China is expected to grow by 9-12. An analysis report by Taiwan's Industrial Research Institute (IEK) predicts that global PCB output value will grow by 10.36% in 2011, reaching a scale of US$41.615 billion. According to analytical data from Prismark and a report released by the Industrial Securities R&D Center, changes in PCB application structure and product structure reflect the future development trend of the industry. In recent years, with the decline in the output value of single/double-sided panels and multi-layer boards, the output value of HDI boards, packaging carrier boards, and flexible boards has increased, indicating that the growth in fields such as computer motherboards, communication backplanes, and automotive boards has been relatively slow, while those used in HDI boards, packaging boards and soft boards for "thin, light and short" electronic products such as high-end mobile phones and notebook computers will continue to grow rapidly.
North America
The American Printed Circuit Board Association (IPC) announced that the overall book-to-bill ratio of North American printed circuit board manufacturers in February 2011 was 0.95 means that for every $100 of product shipped that month, only $95 worth of new orders will be received. The B/B value has been below 1 for the fifth consecutive month, and the industry prosperity in North America has not substantially improved.
Japan
· The earthquake in Japan will affect the supply of some PCB raw materials in the short term, and in the medium and long term it will be beneficial to the transfer of production capacity to Taiwan and the mainland.
· High-end PCB manufacturers are accelerating their expansion in the mainland. The transfer of production, technology, production capacity and orders to the mainland is the general trend
· Taiwan's Zhongshi Electronic News reported that Japan's supply chain is broken, and Chinese and Korean PCB board factories will become the big winners
Taiwan
· Analysts from Taiwan Industrial Research Institute (IEK) pointed out that benefiting from the overall global economic recovery and consumption support in emerging countries, Taiwan's PCB industry is expected to grow by 29% in 2011 and global production capacity will further shift to China. CIC Consulting Analysis Report It is pointed out that China's printed circuit board industry will enter a period of rapid growth due to the growth of domestic sales and the continued transfer of global production capacity. By 2014, China's printed circuit board industry will account for 41.92% of the global share.
The gap with developed countries
After nearly half a century of hard work, China's printed circuit industry has become an indispensable and important foundation and guarantee for China's electronic information industry. Already ranks second in the world. In 2004, China's total PCB output value reached US$8.15 billion, and its total import and export volume was US$8.9 billion. It is expected that it will rise to the number one position in the world before long.
Our country is a major producer of electronic circuits and PCBs, but it is far from being a strong producer. There is still a big gap between China and developed countries in the PCB industry.
Environmental protection
In the early years, circuit boards were a high-tech industry. Most foreign companies controlled technology output, which once constrained and restricted the development and growth of the circuit board industry. According to Time magazine, China and India are among the most polluted countries in the world. In order to protect the environment, the Chinese government has been strictly formulating and implementing relevant pollution control regulations, which has affected the PCB industry. Many towns are no longer allowed to expand and build new PCB factories. However, the development of our circuit board companies is now subject to local restrictions. The more economically developed the place, the greater the restrictions. Why? Because unknowingly, circuit board companies have developed into major polluters, energy consumers, and water users in the eyes of the government! Today, when we attach great importance to environmental protection and sustainable development, once we put on such a "hat", circuit board companies will really be "beaten by everyone." In fact, are we a big polluter, a big energy consumer, and a big water user? Of course not! Our circuit board company is low energy consumption and low pollution.
We can compare based on the following data: From an environmental protection perspective, by comparing the pollution index of wastewater discharged by enterprises in various industries, it can be seen that: 1. The types of pollutants in circuit board enterprises are relatively concentrated, mainly COD and heavy metal copper. Pollution, there is no emission of highly toxic substances such as cyanide/cadmium/chromium, and no emission of carcinogenic, teratogenic, and genetic mutation-causing substances. The main heavy metal pollution component, copper ions, can be easily removed through conventional treatment methods, so the contaminants on circuit boards are not a cause for concern.
2. The concentration of pollutants in circuit board companies is low. As we all know, the production of circuit boards has very high water requirements, and most of them use pure water. The wastewater discharged is mainly the wastewater brought out when pumping the boards. As can be seen from the table, compared with other polluting industries, the concentration of pollutants in wastewater discharged by circuit board companies is very low, especially COD, which is only 1/10 of other polluting industries.
3. The wastewater discharged by circuit board companies has less pollution to fresh water. Since circuit boards have high water requirements and are strictly controlled during the production process, the salt content (i.e. conductivity) in wastewater discharged by circuit board companies is much lower than that of other industries. From the perspective of protecting freshwater resources, salt content is a very critical indicator. Any salt content is a pollution to freshwater resources. Therefore, in comparison, circuit board companies can only call them low pollution.
To sum up, the status of the circuit board industry as a major polluter in the eyes of the government and society is unrealistic. Why does this happen, and what makes the circuit board industry wear the hat of pollution? The reasons are as follows:
First, some circuit board companies do not attach great importance to environmental protection and clean production.
First analyze the problems of the circuit board companies themselves. There are still a small number of circuit board companies that do not understand the importance of environmental protection and clean production. Many companies' wastewater treatment, wastewater reuse, cleaner production, etc. are done to cope with inspections or to obtain corresponding qualification certificates, without elevating them to the level of corporate social responsibility and law. Some time ago, we participated in the preparation of new standards for the Ministry of Environmental Protection. During this period, we visited many companies and found that a large number of companies' wastewater treatment facilities still use the same treatment process many years ago. They only treat heavy metals and do not treat COD and other pollutants. No special treatment is carried out, and the gray water reuse system is just a decoration. Many companies do not have an in-depth understanding of the recycling process and blindly pursue low-price products. As a result, many recycling equipment cannot operate at all and become decorations.
These are all problems with hardware facilities, and the other is problems with soft management, such as not processing, underdosing, and illegal discharge. Although these behaviors are only the behavior of a few companies, once they are found to exceed the standard, they will be excused by reasons such as the high concentration of wastewater pollution in the circuit board industry, large fluctuations, and difficulty in treatment. In the long run, it will naturally leave a trace in the public's mind. There is an impression that board enterprises are polluting enterprises. This is the “hat” of pollution we put on ourselves.
Second, peripheral supporting companies cause us trouble.
From an environmental protection perspective, the peripheral supporting companies of circuit board companies are mainly waste tank liquid recycling companies. As we all know, waste tank liquid has high pollution concentration and is difficult to handle. Many unscrupulous manufacturers collect the waste tank liquid and extract valuable heavy metals, but then secretly discharge the remaining waste liquid that is useless to them into the environment. It causes a lot of pollution, which makes the government and the people think that this is pollution caused by circuit board companies. The waste liquid discharged by circuit board companies cannot be processed, and circuit board companies are polluting companies.
Third, insufficient publicity has caused misunderstandings.
Circuit board companies are high-tech companies and generally keep their production confidential, so the outside world does not understand the circuit board production process. For example, in the use of cyanide, the circuit board industry only uses a small amount of cyanide in gold-plated and immersed gold wires, and the discharged wastewater is processed through an online gold recovery process before being discharged out of the workshop, so there is basically no cyanide pollution in the wastewater. , this is not comparable to the alkali copper usage and emission concentration in electroplating plants, but now whenever you see the use of cyanide in the production line, it is equivalent to cyanide for electroplating.
The pollution concentration of the washing wastewater from circuit board companies is very low. The pollution concentration of some bath liquids is relatively high, such as ink waste liquid, fluffing agent waste liquid, etching waste liquid, etc., because of these high concentrations The existence of waste liquids, many people think that these waste liquids represent the pollution level of circuit board companies. In fact, the waste tank liquid of circuit board companies is a treasure. In addition to the heavy metals in it, other chemicals are also very important sources of cost savings for circuit board companies. If the government allows companies to recover and recycle waste tank fluid, then circuit board companies will no longer have a reason to be polluting companies.
Enhance industry self-discipline and accelerate technological innovation
Based on the above reasons, what should our circuit board industry do? We must take the initiative to take off the "hat" on our heads and create a broader development space for our industry. I think we should mainly start from the following aspects:
Enhance industry self-discipline
Industry self-discipline should be led by our industry association, and regular or irregular investigations of circuit board companies should be carried out through various channels. , for enterprises that adopt new technologies and processes for cleaner production or energy conservation and emission reduction, and do practical things, they should be promoted and praised in the industry, and various ministries and commissions should strive to provide tangible help to such enterprises. On the contrary, we must resolutely expose and report companies that engage in fraud and have no sense of social responsibility to relevant departments for punishment. Only by preventing the slightest change can our industry be widely recognized by the public and develop healthily.
Actively carry out technological innovation
Nowadays, our country is vigorously promoting clean production and energy-saving and emission reduction technologies. Our circuit board companies should actively respond and strive to ensure that every member unit is truly clean. Production, reduce waste emissions, including waste tank fluid, etc. Our member units can generate economic benefits through technological innovation, and then use our actions to influence surrounding companies.
In the near future, new pollutant emission standards for our industry will be released. All companies should take this opportunity to actively adopt advanced sewage treatment processes, water recycling processes, clean production technologies, etc., to Only by rectifying the original traditional crafts can our enterprises be more dynamic and quickly remove the label of a polluting enterprise.
In the process of promoting new standards and new technologies, our industry association can organize member units to study and communicate, and invite experienced experts in the industry to interpret new standards, promote new technologies, discuss new processes, etc. . Our association can also organize a team of experts to provide door-to-door services for member units and solve their problems. This will not only provide a platform for enterprises to communicate, but also promote enterprises to adapt to the current industry status as soon as possible.
Intensify publicity and improve the transparency of the amount and whereabouts of sewage emissions
The 21st century is an era of openness, and if we have good aspects, we should "show off" them. Our circuit board companies must do a good job in publicity work to let the public understand our production environment, pollution-producing environment, pollutant emissions, and the destination of pollutant emissions. As long as enterprises strictly implement cleaner production measures and carefully carry out wastewater treatment, energy conservation, emission reduction and wastewater treatment in our circuit board industry will not be difficult. We welcome social and government supervision, which can also urge and promote circuit board companies to better implement and improve cleaner production, energy conservation and emission reduction.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Degreasing (temperature 60-65℃)
1. Excessive foam: Abnormal quality caused by excessive foam: Will lead to Poor oil removal effect, reason: mismatched tank fluid.
2. Composition of particulate matter: Reasons for the composition of particulate matter: the filter is broken or the high-pressure water washing of the grinding machine is insufficient, or dust is brought from the outside.
3. Fingerprints cannot be removed after degreasing: Reasons why fingerprints cannot be removed after degreasing: The degreasing temperature is low and the potion is mismatched.
2. Micro-etching (NPS 80-120G/L H2SO4 5 temperature 25-35℃)
1. The copper surface of the board is slightly white: the reason is insufficient grinding and degreasing Or pollution, low potion concentration.
2. The copper surface of the board is black: it is not washed clean after degreasing and is contaminated by degreasing. If the copper surface turns pink, it is a normal effect of micro-etching.
3. Activation (the color of the bath liquid is black, the temperature cannot exceed 38°C, and no pumping is allowed)
1. The bath liquid appears to be precipitated and clarified:
Trough Reasons for precipitation in the liquid:
(1) The concentration of palladium changes immediately after water is added, and the content is low (normal replenishment level should be presoaked)
(2) Sn2 The concentration is low, the Cl- content is low, and the temperature is too high.
(3) Too much air introduction leads to oxidation of palladium.
(4) Contaminated by Fe.
2. A layer of silver-white film appears on the surface of the potion:
The reason why a layer of silver-white film appears on the surface of the potion: Pd is an oxide produced by oxidation.
IV. Acceleration (processing time 1-2 minutes, temperature 60-65°C)
1. No copper in the hole: Reason: The acceleration processing time is too long, while Sn is being removed Pd is also removed.
2. Pd easily falls off due to high temperature.
5. The chemical solution in the chemical copper cylinder is contaminated
The reasons for the contamination of the solution: 1. Insufficient water washing before PTH 2. Pd water was brought into the copper cylinder 3. A board fell out of the cylinder 4. No tank explosion for a long time 5. Insufficient filtration
Cleaning the tank: Soak in 10H2SO4 for 4 hours, neutralize with 10NaOH, and finally clean with water.
6. The hole wall cannot sink copper
Causes: 1. Poor oil removal effect 2. Insufficient glue removal 3. Excessive glue removal
Seven . The hole copper is separated from the hole wall after thermal shock
Causes: 1. Poor slag removal 2. Poor water absorption performance of the substrate
8. Striped water marks on the board surface
Causes: 1. Unreasonable design of the hanging fixture 2. Excessive stirring in the immersed copper cylinder 3. Insufficient water washing after acceleration
9. Temperature of the chemical copper liquid
Temperature If it is too high, the chemical copper solution will rapidly decompose, causing the solution composition to change and affecting the quality of electroless copper plating. High temperatures will also produce a large amount of copper powder, causing copper particles on the board surface and in the holes. Generally controlled at around 25-35℃.