First, the preliminary treatment of disinfection items. All medical instruments, sheets and clothes that have been exposed to pathogenic microorganisms should be disinfected with chemical disinfectants first, and then cleaned as usual. In particular, all kinds of articles used in infectious wards should be strictly inspected and disinfected before cleaning and disinfection. During daily cleaning, first soak and scrub with detergent solution to remove oil stains, blood stains and other dirt on articles, and then rinse with running water. Instruments with shaft joints, tooth slots and gaps should be opened or disassembled as much as possible for effective cleaning. The washed articles should be dried and packaged according to clinical needs to avoid further pollution. Before and after decontamination, containers and means of transport should be strictly distinguished and clearly marked to prevent cross-infection.
Second, the packaging and containers of disinfection items should be appropriate. The packaging is white cotton cloth wrapped in double layers, and the new cloth should be washed and beaten before use. The packing of articles should be tied with string, not loose or too tight. When the container is used, it can not only block the invasion of external microorganisms, but also has good steam permeability. Such as special syringe disinfection box, dressing storage box, etc. Because it is difficult for steam to enter the civil aluminum box, the air in the box is not easy to exhaust, and the conventional sterilization can not achieve the sterilization effect. The experimental comparison shows that the pollution rate is much higher than that of medical aluminum boxes. Therefore, civil aluminum boxed syringes or instruments cannot be used for sterilization.
Three, disinfection items should be reasonable. Too many sterilized items or improper placement will affect the sterilization effect. The contents of the disinfection pot should not be too crowded or exceed the contents of the pot. Try to sterilize similar items in a pot. If different kinds of articles are put together, the temperature and time required for sterilization shall prevail. When placing articles, they should be staggered up and down, left and right, leaving gaps so that steam can easily penetrate. The large disinfection package should be placed vertically on the upper floor, and the small package should be placed vertically on the large enamel box and storage tank, and the cloth and metal items should be disinfected at the same time. Metal objects should be placed in the lower layer, so that the heating of the two objects is basically the same, and the condensed water generated when the metal objects are sterilized should be prevented from wetting the cloth.
Fourth, exhaust. When using high-pressure steam to disinfect the pot, it is very important to exhaust the air in the pot. If there is air in the pot, the pressure indicated by the air pressure needle is not the pressure generated by saturated steam. At the same pressure, the temperature of steam mixed with air is lower than that of saturated steam.
Fifth, reasonably calculate the sterilization time. The sterilization time includes: ① breakthrough time, that is, the time from reaching the sterilization temperature in the pot to reaching the temperature of the difficult part in the pot; (2) the maintenance time, that is, the time required to kill microorganisms, is generally expressed by the time required to kill spores of Bacillus thermophilus; (3) Safe time, ensuring the extra time required for sterilization. Generally, it is half of the thermal death time, and the length depends on the disinfection items. It does not take safe time to sterilize metal equipment that is easy to conduct heat. During the sterilization time, pay attention to the pressure gauge and adjust the air intake in time to keep the pressure at a constant level until the sterilization time. In the process of sterilization, if the pressure and temperature drop, the temperature should be raised again and the time should be re-timed.
Sixth, after sterilization. After the sterilized items are required to be dried and meet the sterilization requirements, the indicator can be taken out of the pot. Strict aseptic operation should be carried out when taking aseptic items. First cover the article and close the vent hole on the storage tank. At the same time, it should be classified, distributed and accessed in order. Over the period of validity, the hot and humid season generally does not exceed seven days.
Seven, to prevent overheating steam. Although the temperature of superheated steam is high, like air, it can't condense into water to release latent heat when it meets sterilized items, which is not conducive to sterilization. The way to prevent overheating is that when using an external steam fire extinguisher, the temperature of the interlayer should not be higher than that of the disinfection room, and the two should be close to each other to avoid excessive steam entering the disinfection room; Do not use high-pressure steam to heat to the required temperature during sterilization, and then reduce the pressure.
Eight, pay attention to safety. Check whether the sterilizer is in good working condition before each sterilization, especially whether the safety valve is in good condition. Decompression after disinfection should not be too fierce or too fast. Only when the pressure gauge returns to the "0" position can the boiler door be opened. If the disinfection pot is filled with bottled solution and the pot is suddenly opened, the glass will burst easily when it meets cold air. It must be noted that if the boiler door is suddenly opened too wide, a large amount of cold air will enter, which will easily condense the steam around the cloth into water spots, block the cloth holes, hinder the steam discharge in the cloth, and make the articles wet.
Nine, can't use high pressure steam sterilizer to sterilize any destructive materials and substances containing alkali metal components. Disinfection of these items will lead to explosion or corrosion of lining and internal pipeline, and damage of gasket. List of dangerous goods: 1. Explosive substances such as ethylene glycol dinitrate (nitroglycerin), nitroglycerin, nitrocellulose (nitrocellulose filter) and all esters containing nitrate. Trinitrobenzene, explosives, picric acid and all flammable and explosive nitro, peracetic acid, methane, ethyl, methanol, hydrogen peroxide, peroxide, benzoyl, benzoyl and organic peroxide. 2. Flammable substances, such as lithium, potassium, sodium, yellow phosphorus, phosphorus, sulfide and red phosphorus. Gelatin, calcium carbide (calcium carbide), calcium oxide (lime), magnesium powder, sodium hydrosulfite (sodium hydrosulfite). 3. Oxidizer potassium chloride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride and other chlorides. Potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, ammonium perchlorate and other high chlorides. Potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and other nitrates. Potassium peroxide, sodium peroxide, barium peroxide and other inorganic peroxides. Sodium chlorite and other chlorites, calcium hypochlorite and other hypochlorite. 4. Dimethyl ether, gasoline, acetaldehyde (acetaldehyde), propylene oxide, propylene oxide, carbon disulfide and other flammable substances whose ignition point is between -30℃ and 0℃. Methanol, ethanol, xylene, benzyl, benzyl acetate and other substances (alcohol) with a burning point between 0℃ and 30℃. Lamp oil, kerosene, gasoline, isoamyl alcohol, acetic acid (acetic acid) and other similar substances with the ignition point between 30℃ and 65℃. 5. Combustible gases (hydrogen, acetylene, ethylene, methane) ethane, propane, butane and other gases are at 65438 05℃ and one atmospheric pressure. 6. When the salty liquid leaks or overflows, it must be wiped clean in time, and the sealing ring along the cover should be effectively dried, otherwise it will corrode the container and pipeline. 7. Before opening the cover, ensure that the pressure is lower than "0/npa". 8. Don't use the instrument near explosive gas. Autoclave classification CD touch/update on 20 12-06- 12 Click: 245.
Suzhou haisiyuan
Full-automatic high pressure steam sterilizer