1. Filiform needle
One of the nine needles. "Lingshu Nine Acupuncture Theory" says: "The seventh needle is called filiform needle, which is taken from the hair and is one inch and six minutes long. It treats cold, heat, pain and paralysis in the collaterals. It also describes the shape of the acupuncture as "the tip is like the beak of a mosquito." "Microneedle" contained in each chapter of "Huangdi Neijing" all refers to this.
Filiform needles are the main needles commonly used in modern clinical practice. They are made of high-grade alloy stainless steel (among them chromium-nickel stainless steel is the most common). Good). This kind of needle has strong hardness, toughness and elasticity, is not easy to break, and is extremely sharp. The types of filiform needles are developing rapidly. According to the length of the needle body, there are 0.5 inches, 1 inches, 1.5 inches, 2 inches, 2.5 inches, and 3 inches. In addition, there are needles ranging from 5 inches to 10 inches or longer, which are called awn needles. They can be divided into number 26, number 28, number 30, number 32, etc. according to the thickness of the needle body. . Those that are thicker than No. 26 are called giant needles. The most commonly used needles are No. 28 and No. 30, which are 1 inch or 1.5 inches long.
2. Round sharp needles
The round sharp needle is also called the member sharp needle. It is one of the nine needles. "Lingshu·Twelve Principles of Nine Needles" says: "The member sharp needle...the member is sharp and the middle body is slightly large, so it can be taken." Angry. The round sharp needles used today are thicker than filiform needles and are generally made of No. 26 steel wire. They have a rounded sharp tip and a hard texture. They are mostly used for numbness and pain caused by cold evil. If the clinical symptoms are more than acupuncture (no needles are retained), cupping can be used to treat the problem quickly. It can also be used for small carbuncles where pus has formed. Prick the needle at an appropriate depth (as long as it does not hurt the skin and flesh) to drain the pus, or use cupping to drain the pus. This injection is also commonly used for syncope in adults and illnesses in children.
3. Three-edged needle
The three-edged needle was called sharp needle in ancient times. Tie one of the nine stitches. "Lingshu·Nine Needles and Twelve Origins" says: "The sharp needle has three corners of the blade to treat chronic diseases." "Lingshu·Nine Needles Theory" says: "The fourth term is sharp needle, which is based on the cotton needle, tube its body, and sharpen it." At the end, one inch and six minutes long, it is mainly due to carbuncle, heat and bleeding. "Acupuncture Dacheng" written by Yang Jizhou of the Ming Dynasty also contains: "Those are the so-called three-edged needles today. The three-edged needle is a type of sharp needle. The needle body is cylindrical, that is, "the body of the needle is three-edged. The three sides come together to reach the tip, which is the "three corners of the blade."
The three-edged needle can be used for pricking, scattered pricking, and pricking. "Lingshu Official Acupuncture" states: "For collateral pricking, prick the small collaterals. The bloodline. That is, the method of pricking and bleeding is used in high fever convulsions, coma rescue, breast moth pricking, etc. It is also said: "Those who praise the needling will go straight in and out, and a few needles will cause shallow bleeding. It is also used as a bloodletting therapy for deep blood stasis, or for the elimination of carbuncle pus. It also says: "Those who need to be stabbed with leopards, left and right Acupuncture is performed front and back, focusing on the central meridian, in order to collect the blood from the meridians. This is also a scattered acupuncture method, suitable for erysipelas, trauma and blood stasis. Acupuncture was developed by later generations of doctors. The left hand is used to pinch or press the skin at the operation site. The right hand holds a three-edged needle to pick the acupuncture point or local skin to be treated, deep into the skin, and then tilt the needle body to gently break the local connective tissue. Fiber, called pick therapy. This is how to treat hemorrhoids, such as picking out the hemorrhoid spots.
4. Plum-blossom needle
Plum-blossom needle is one of the skin needles. Because five short needles are bundled together, they are pinched and held by the thumb and index finger of the right hand to directly pierce the skin; or the bundled needles are installed on the needle handle and tapped on the skin, so it is also called slave needle. It is named after its five needle points arranged like plum blossoms. This needle is developed from the ancient burr and poplar thorns. "Lingshu Official Acupuncture" says: "The burrs are floating and paralyzing the skin." It also says: "The poplar thorns are one on the inner side and four adjacent to the inner side. They are floating to treat the general cold." It is clearly stated that skin needles are used to "pierce the paralyzed skin"; "one on the inside and four on the side are just like the five needles of a plum blossom." If it contains seven short needles, it is called a seven-star needle. In addition, "Lingshu Official Acupuncture" also contains: "For half-piercing, the needle is shallow and fast, and there is no internal injury from the needle, like plucking hair, to extract skin Qi, which is the response of the lungs. Today's people based on this , and invented the roller needle, which can not only stimulate a wide area of ??skin, but also stimulate evenly without hurting the skin.
The plum blossom acupuncture method is often used for skin acupuncture, which is also called seven-star acupuncture. Acupuncture therapy and neurostimulation therapy are clinically suitable for hypertension, headache, insomnia, nerve palsy, gastroenterology, skin diseases, neuralgia, gynecology, pediatrics and other diseases, so it is also called pediatric acupuncture. p>
5. Mangzhen
The elongated filiform needle is called Mangzhen, so named because it resembles a wheat awn. It was created by Shen Jinshan before liberation. , 7 inches, 8 inches, 1 foot, 1.5 feet, 2 feet, 2.5 feet, 3 feet.
The thickness models include 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 and so on. It can be selected according to the needs of the disease and different acupuncture points. The needle insertion method is different from the filiform needle. It must be operated with both hands. The thumb, middle and index fingers of the right hand hold the needle handle and perform a twisting technique. The left thumb and index finger hold the needle body near the tip. The middle finger, ring finger and little finger are close to the skin. Select Set the acupuncture point and slowly insert and twist it in until you feel the acupuncture. Various acupuncture techniques can also be performed, and the acupuncture angle, direction, and depth vary according to the needs of the disease and the acupoints selected. This injection is contraindicated for chronic illness, physical weakness, pregnant women, allergies and children.
6. Intradermal needles
Intradermal needles are micro-specialized needles. Because the needles are only in the skin but not under the skin, they are also called intradermal needles. This method was developed from the ancient burr and needle retention methods. At present, there are two types of intradermal needles, one is called wheat-type needle (also called granular needle); the other is called push-pin type needle. Both types of needles are made of alloy steel wire. Generally, thinner No. 30 or No. 32 alloy steel wire is used, and its length is generally 1 to 1.5 cm. If the needle handle is as small as half a wheat grain, it is a wheat grain needle; if the needle tail is made into a round shape, with the tip pointing downward as a pin, and the needle length is only 0.3 to 0.5 cm, it is a push-pin needle. Both types of intradermal needles are used clinically to embed needles in the skin, but the acupuncture methods are different. Wheat-shaped needles penetrate into the skin horizontally and obliquely, while push-pin needles penetrate into the skin vertically.
In short, the development of needles has evolved with the development of history, and its ultimate purpose is to serve more effective treatment of diseases. In clinical practice, only flexible application can make a clear contribution to disease treatment.