Study of management mode in machinery management
Abstract Machinery management, as a very important part of enterprise management, directly affects the production of the enterprise and the enterprise's economic benefits, to strengthen the machinery management has become a very important way to improve the economic benefits of enterprises. Due to the differences in the operation of enterprises and projects, how to use effective management mode to improve the production speed and product quality, to maximize the economic benefits of enterprises has become the most important concern of enterprises. This paper combines its own management experience and literature, the management mode of the enterprise's machinery management research to explore.
Since the reform and opening up, China's economic development continues to deepen, the market economic system is constantly improving. However, with the vigorous development of the domestic market economy, the competition between peer enterprises has become increasingly fierce, the reform of enterprises to further deepen the traditional mode of industrial production has not been able to meet the requirements of the development of the market economy. Nowadays, machinery and equipment has been gradually applied to the production process, production enterprises want to maximize the efficiency of the use of machinery and equipment, maximize the economic benefits of enterprises, we must learn how to manage these machinery and equipment, and then continue to improve the enterprise for the management of machinery and equipment system.
First, the management of mechanical management work in the management mode of classification
Mechanical management refers to the construction of machinery and equipment equipment, equipment acquisition, operation and production, use of maintenance, upgrading and transformation, disposal of end-of-life management of the whole process of management of the general term, which includes the material movement of machinery and equipment and the value of movement of the whole process of management. [1]
At present, there are three commonly used models in the management of machinery, respectively, machinery management fixed allocation management mode, machinery management internal rent management mode, machinery management integrated management mode. These three management modes have their own advantages and disadvantages, for the deployment and use of machinery in the enterprise, and can not be fully applied. The following is a detailed introduction to these three management modes:
(a) mechanical management in the fixed allocation management mode
Fixed allocation of the management mode refers to the more traditional management mode of mechanical equipment. Fixed allocation is the engineering machinery to be fixed in a specific work area or in the hands of the operator in the form. For example, in the construction process machinery and equipment fixed allocation to different project teams, and between different projects machinery and equipment will rarely be mobilized. This 'advantage is to ensure the good stability of mechanical equipment, the use of mechanical equipment itself, management and maintenance are very convenient, with long-term. But the fixed allocation of the management mode in the project task constantly changing and economic system change, has been difficult to meet and adapt to the needs of the market development, which will cause two adverse consequences: the first is the machinery and equipment no task, long-term in the state of idleness. The second is that mechanical equipment is difficult to keep up with the rhythm of construction, resulting in enterprise projects can not be completed on time. This is likely to cause economic loss of the enterprise.
(B) machinery management in the internal lease management mode
The internal lease management mode breaks the traditional machinery management mode of the construction enterprise, respected by many construction enterprises, [2] is now widely used by the enterprise of a machinery management mode, this management mode is from the fixed allotment management mode of the Reform. The internal management mode is only for the use of mechanical equipment, the right to change, the ownership of machinery and equipment has not changed, and the leasing party also needs to pay a certain amount of contractual funds to the leasing party. The internal management mode is characterized by economic means to enhance the use of mechanical equipment efficiency, but also to facilitate the management of mechanical equipment, greatly reducing the cost of machinery and equipment idle in the warehouse, etc., mechanical equipment, the economic benefits of the recovery speed is also quite fast. The internal lease type management mode can take the market needs as a guide, has the flexibility to respond to changes in the market in a timely and rapid manner, the ability to adapt to the market is strong. For example, when the market changes, you can quickly make a response to the rental price of machinery and equipment and leasing methods. In this way, the enterprise can occupy a broad market space and increase the market share. However, the shortcomings of the internal lease management mode are also very obvious, that is, the leaseholder and the leasing party do not have a clear management of machinery and equipment and maintenance responsibilities, it is easy to occur on the damage of machinery and equipment to compensate for the contradiction.
(C) machinery management in the integrated management mode
The integrated management mode not only contains the characteristics of the fixed allocation type management mode, but also contains the characteristics of the internal management mode, is a combination of the two. Not only can ensure the maintenance of machinery and equipment, maintenance and stability, but also to ensure that the enterprise's machinery and equipment in response to market changes in the flexibility. For idle machinery and equipment can be rented in accordance with market requirements, and to do with the machinery and equipment to go, no matter where the machinery and equipment, there will be specialized personnel for mechanical equipment management, maintenance, maintenance, overhaul and other work. Comprehensive management mode has many characteristics, the first is to ensure that the use of machinery and equipment in the process of long-term and stability, can basically do mechanical equipment at any time have someone to manage, someone to repair, someone to use, mechanical equipment management and maintenance of the responsibility for clear, mechanical equipment, mechanical efficiency has been fully guaranteed. Secondly, it can also create good economic benefits for enterprises, and can better adapt to market demand. However, the model also has certain shortcomings, mainly is the integrated management mode application of a shorter period of time, there are some aspects are not too perfect, for example, in the staffing, if a maintenance personnel under normal circumstances can be more than one mechanical equipment maintenance and repair, but in the integrated management mode, to ensure that the rental out of the machinery and equipment and to stay in the enterprise's machinery and equipment are in good condition, then it may be necessary to recruit additional maintenance personnel. This will result in idle personnel, which is not conducive to improving the economic efficiency of the enterprise. Comprehensive management model in some aspects there are still loopholes, the advantages of the fixed allocation type and internal rent management model is not enough to show, but also need to be optimized and reformed.
Second, the optimization of the management mode of machinery management
The loopholes in the management mode of the enterprise machinery management work as if the cistern leakage, unknowingly let the enterprise's economic downturn, for such a situation, the enterprise must be combined with its own characteristics, the reasonable development of the enterprise's management mode.
(a) Improve the awareness of machinery management
To improve the efficiency of the use of machinery and equipment, so that the machinery and equipment can be unified planning and management, the enterprise must publicize the advanced machinery management mode, improve the management awareness of the decision makers within the enterprise, to re-recognize the importance of the management mode of the enterprise, and positioning. Improve the status of machinery management mode in the enterprise. Although many enterprises have adopted a comprehensive management mode, can basically ensure the repair and maintenance of mechanical equipment, mechanical equipment, the use of efficiency has been improved, but the comprehensive management mode in the implementation of the process still has some difficulties, in order to make the management of machinery and equipment is more standardized and unified, should implement the management mode of the mechanical district, will be idle machinery and equipment leasing out, saving machinery and equipment Maintenance costs, improve the economic efficiency of the enterprise.
(2) Improve the quality of employees
Whether in the highly intelligent enterprises, or traditional inefficient enterprises, machinery management is finally dependent on the operation of the staff to implement the operation. Employee management should be the main focus of machinery management. [3] The enterprise must pay attention to cultivate the technical ability of the staff, improve the quality level of all staff, must let the technician's maintenance and repair technology to reach a high level. It is also necessary to improve the ideological level of all employees and cultivate their professional ethics. This can also effectively prevent mechanical equipment overload or "with disease" work phenomenon, to ensure that mechanical equipment safety and normal operation, to avoid accidents. Improve the quality of the staff's ultimate goal is to ensure that the machinery management model can be successfully implemented, to facilitate the management of the enterprise's machinery and equipment, so as to obtain the maximum economic benefits.
(C) to ensure the stability of machinery and equipment
According to the frequency of use of machinery and equipment, the establishment of the corresponding machinery and equipment maintenance and repair system, the enterprise staff should be strictly in accordance with the system of machinery and equipment to carry out regular overhaul, to achieve "diligent maintenance, heavy use of ", abandon the previous consistent "light use, heavy maintenance" management mode. Enterprises should train specialized mechanical maintenance team, the mechanical equipment inspection and maintenance. In addition to focus on the training and education of construction personnel, so that they can fully grasp the professional knowledge and skills, correct operation of machinery and equipment, reduce the wear and tear of machinery and equipment to extend the service life of machinery and equipment. [4] As the price of machinery and equipment is generally higher, the internal structure is also particularly complex, maintenance and repair personnel must master skilled professional skills to repair and maintenance of machinery and equipment. Therefore, the enterprise needs professional technicians to deal with mechanical equipment, to ensure the stability of mechanical equipment.
Three concluding remarks
With the development of economic globalization, the domestic enterprises are facing a serious test, with the introduction of advanced machinery and equipment, enterprises must choose a reasonable mechanical management mode, in order to be invincible in the fierce market competition, in order to create greater economic benefits for enterprises.
References
[2] Yan Simeng. Discussion of the current management mode in the mechanical management work [J]. Business, 2015.
[3] Li Jin. Discussion on the current management mode in mechanical management work [J]. Shang, 2015.
[4] Liu Min. Based on the research of mechanical equipment management in bridge engineering construction [J]. Heilongjiang science and technology information, 2014.