Keywords production process management; production plan; contract review
Industrial enterprise management must undertake and complete three related important tasks: first is to realize the purpose of profitability, which is the core of each enterprise, but also to ensure that the long-term development of the enterprise's material foundation. The second is to make full use of manpower, good human resource management, reasonable distribution of work to maximize efficiency. Third is to assume social responsibility, the social nature of the enterprise and the existence of the enterprise value of the decision of the enterprise must assume social responsibility, give full play to its value, expand and increase the impact of the enterprise for the community and contribution to the enterprise and society to bring more wealth.
Industrial enterprise management is through the planning, organizing, directing, controlling, coordinating and other specific management functions to achieve the production process of production organization, production planning and control, production scheduling and statistics, quality management, equipment management, materials management, site management, cost management role. This article focuses on production planning and management.
One, the enterprise production plan
Monthly production of the master plan process is an enterprise connected to the market customer demand and production and supply capacity of the hub. The main goal of the master plan is to take into account the supply of materials, financial resources and production capacity (technical capacity) under the constraints, the development of the most optimal production and supply plan, so as to complete the expected business objectives.
1. Contract evaluation
1.1, the contract evaluation and signing of conventional products
1) product quality or technical aspects of the order without special requirements (including spare parts), the marketing department (salesman) received the customer's order, the Department of Supply and Materials should be timely confirmation of the inventory of products to meet the order quantity of the order, such as confirming that the inventory of products to meet its requirements, and at the same time confirm with the production department to meet its requirements, the inventory of products to meet its requirements, and the production department to confirm with the production department to meet its requirements. Requirements, and at the same time with the production department to confirm that the delivery date can be met, you can accept the order. If it is confirmed that the inventory does not meet its requirements, should immediately organize the production department, material supply department to assess the delivery requirements directly after countersigning the "Contract Review Form", confirming that the delivery period to meet the requirements of the acceptance of the order, the delivery requirements need to be adjusted by the Ministry of Marketing (salesman) to communicate with the customer and get the customer's consent before accepting the order and verify the signing of the order. ② orders on the phone orders, fax orders, letter orders, letters of agreement and other orders are limited to the signing of conventional product contracts, need to be converted into "order confirmation form" again with the customer's signature (with the date) to get the confirmation and telephone verification!
1.2, non-conventional products and new product contract review and signing
Non-conventional products and new products (immature products) order review and contract signing: ① Marketing Department received the customer's order requirements (including packaging requirements), the customer should be collected to provide the relevant information and product-related laws and regulations, consider the product price and payment and risk, etc., the new product requirements registered in the "Contract Review Form". Product requirements are registered in the "contract evaluation form". Salesman can first draw up a draft contract with the customer and attached to the "contract evaluation form" together with the review; ② by the marketing department called the general manager, deputy general manager, production, technology, R & D, material supply department, quality department, the production department of the order requirements for review, to confirm whether the ability to meet its requirements, the results of the review recorded in the "contract evaluation form". Technical objections or temporarily unable to meet the content of the marketing department in accordance with the evaluation of timely communication and consultation with the customer (when necessary, request the relevant department head to provide assistance), as far as possible to make inconsistent requirements to be resolved, the results of the negotiations recorded in the "contract evaluation form"; ③ confirmed the ability to fulfill the requirements of customers, the general manager in the "contract evaluation form" to confirm the final evaluation and sign the final opinion that acceptance! Orders, can sign a formal contract or agreement with the customer; ④ need to sign a sales contract with the customer, the marketing department to draft the contract content, the contract needs to comply with the provisions of the Economic Contract Law, reported to the general manager for approval, before signing a sales contract with the customer.
2. Production of the main plan and the development of principles
2.1, the development of the production plan: the role of the whole production plan: the establishment of the normal production order and management order of the enterprise, is the main plan of production decomposition for the whole plant of the platform of the monthly production plan, is an important link in the management of enterprise planning, is an important symbol of the organization of balanced production; stipulates the goal of the whole staff, is an important means of mobilizing staff motivation. Is an important means of mobilizing staff enthusiasm. Production cycle method to prepare the workshop production plan (suitable for ordering, small batch production). Specific methods: ① for each batch of orders to prepare a product production cycle schedule; ② for each order to prepare an order production instructions; ③ according to the order production instructions, the preparation of the operation plan. ④ priority scheduling principle of priority scheduling.
2.2, in the preparation of the main production plan, operation plan and daily scheduling should follow the principle of priority scheduling: ① company leaders commitment to the principle of priority; ② from the delivery date of the shortest possible time or has been processed but from the completion of the shortest possible time to the principle of priority; ③ minimum workload principle of priority; ④ batch size to consider the principle of batch delivery; ⑤ the earliest priority according to the time of the order signing; ⑥ consideration of the variety of products into production Combination ratio, so that the highest utilization rate of equipment to reduce the "bottleneck" phenomenon.
Two, the production plan for the effective implementation of measures
1, equipment ledger, including equipment number, applicable processing range and precision; workshop equipment layout.
2, similar to the process of determining the parts group, to facilitate group processing, but also to facilitate the confirmation of the production line, more convenient to reduce the complexity of progress tracking, parts group parts can be tracked by the next level of the director of the workshop or by the sub-sections of the scheduler progress tracking, thereby reducing the possibility of duplication of multiple scheduling work and unclear responsibilities.
3, the production process route: to determine the production route (to be relatively fixed), that is, the parts or parts of the group processing order and the equipment used, indicating the workshop (preferably with workshop equipment layout), that is, to confirm that the production line for progress tracking to point the way. Review the confirmed production line through the various workshops whether to follow the process order, or too chaotic.
4, according to the company's production process route of each product and the occupation of equipment, determination of man-hours, analyze which equipment load is the largest and cause bottlenecks, so as to consider the process decomposition or merger, new equipment or outsourcing and other methods, so as to determine the delivery time of outsourcing processes, to ensure that the effectiveness of supporting the progress of tracking.
5, according to all the products or parts group processing route integrated network diagram, considering the existing production equipment capacity and production load, select the same plan period reasonable combination of varieties of parts, in order to improve the utilization of production line equipment, reduce the impact of bottlenecks.
6, according to the order delivery date, according to the inverse process method, while following the principle of priority scheduling, do a good job of monthly production operation plan (if necessary, the development of contingency plans), indicating the "freezing period" and "loose period", to facilitate the production has been put into operation, but can be staggered! Delivery of the insertion of orders, manufacturing technology should be considered with flexibility (elasticity) system to maximize the market to meet the requirements of the urgent single or insertion of orders to maximize the customer to meet the delivery date.
7, the preparation of supporting progress tracking table or schedule, according to the summary of the daily production schedule, the summary of the quality of the daily schedule of information on the progress of the plan and the actual progress of the comparison, the quality of the qualified rate of comparison with the expected rate of qualification, so as to track the progress of supporting and to consider whether to replenish the lack of parts in a timely manner (due to obsolescence, loss of such cases) or change the plan. In order to plan more effectively, we should measure and count the production quota, production cycle, procurement cycle, etc. The production cycle refers to the period from the input of raw materials to the production. Production cycle refers to the raw materials into production, until the final completion of the final product in the production process of the calendar time.
8, analyze and summarize the production of daily statements, summarize the quality of daily statements (established in the workshop statement of the day, outsourcing statements, the batch of historical cumulative, can be a true and comprehensive reflection of the production schedule, quality, production capacity, etc., which can help planning and scheduling decision-making, material control of the information), to consider whether it affects the delivery date, timely coordination and processing, grasp the pre-production. Really can not help to meet the customer's delivery date feedback marketing department, by the marketing department and the customer to communicate in advance.
Three, summary
In summary, production managers should be proficient in personnel management, equipment and tools management, materials management, processing methods and process management, industrial production organization, quality management, statistics, cost and other management knowledge and the flexible application of advanced management concepts in order to adapt the implementation of the plan, coordination, control, and, more importantly, efforts to achieve the process of proceduralization, documentation, Forms, organizations with flexible manufacturing technology and learn to have flexible management techniques, methods, and for the production line to solve problems, the workflow, operating methods, operating conditions to be stipulated and implemented, and strive to provide scientific services for the first line to achieve stable, sustainable and efficient production.
References
[1]Textile enterprise management 240 Q Zhang Tihsun, edited by China Textile Publishing House
[2]The new theory of equipment maintenance and management of the Ordnance Engineering College, Department of Management Engineering, Jia Xisheng, Gan Maozhi