Merchant marine: the highest is the captain (captain capt.)
Deck Department: first mate, second mate, third mate, chief seaman, carpenter, sailor chef
Engine Department: chief engineers, chief stewardship, second stewardship, third stewardship, head mechanic, coppersmith, mechanic
One of the organizational structure of the crew
The form of the crew's organization evolves as the ship's technology advances. Technological progress and evolution.
At present, a ship has a deck department, engine department and department of affairs, passenger ships and passenger transportation department. General cargo ship crew organizational structure as shown in the figure, with the rapid increase in the degree of automation of the ship, unmanned cabin and a person on the bridge of the rapid development of the STCW Convention put forward the function of issuing certificates, the crew can be engaged in cross-departmental functions permitted by its certificate of competency. This is manifested in the form of multi-person and -person multi-functionality for one function, which allows for the flexible organization of watchkeeping as the situation requires. Functional staffing based on the organizational structure of the crew, breaking the boundaries of the department, *** enjoy human resources, can always mobilize enough technical force to solve the problem of a function, functional staffing so that the total number of crew members to get a substantial reduction.
Two, the main responsibilities of the crew at all levels
(1), the captain
Captain is the ship leader, the captain of the shipowner (shipping company) is responsible for the ship's safe production, navigation command, administration, technical operations and foreign-related work of the person in charge. The captain should strictly abide by the relevant national laws and regulations, international conventions and regulations, as well as regional regulations, especially the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution at Sea and the provisions of the countries concerned with the prevention of pollution, the strict implementation of the shipowner (shipping company) to the crew of the various administrative systems, leading the crew to strictly fulfill the duties of the post. Maintaining the ship's seaworthiness, cargo and equipment in good technical condition, to ensure the safe production of the ship.
The captain is responsible for approving the cargo loading plan prepared by the chief mate, strictly implementing the crew quota and load line regulations, and shall not overload. In loading and unloading of dangerous goods, major pieces or valuables, the captain should personally supervise; responsible for approving the head of each department to develop the transport production and maintenance of the voyage work plan; responsible for organizing the crew to develop and implement the fire prevention, explosion prevention, anti-piracy, anti-stowaway, anti-smuggling and other precautions; responsible for the review and signing of the contingency deployment table, and regularly preside over the life-saving, firefighting and other drills; responsible for the review and signing the Supervise the logbook, engine logbook, and the ship's logbook. Supervise the logbook, engine log and radio log of the correct record is responsible for the custody of the ship's official seal, important documents, ship certificates, crew certificates and so on. Before the expiration of the certificate should be timely application for inspection or replacement.
Before sailing, the captain should notify the person in charge of each department to make preparations before sailing. Supervise the second mate to prepare and change the required charts and other nautical books and materials, auditing the safe and economical plan route; develop and implement the voyage plan, prepare the voyage of fuel, spare parts, materials, fresh water, food, etc.; check and prepare a variety of ship's certificates, crew certificates, transport documents, and port documents. Do the departure formalities.
Navigation. The captain should supervise the person in charge of each department to conscientiously implement the sailing plan and related measures, early arrangement and implementation of storm prevention, typhoon prevention, anti-freeze, collision prevention, as well as fog navigation and other safety measures. When the ship enters or leaves a port, berths, moves, passes through narrow waterways or ship-intensive sea areas, sails near ice and reef areas, and encounters bad weather, poor visibility or other situations as required by law, the master shall go on the bridge to personally direct or guide. Even if there is a pilot to lead the ship, the master still has the responsibility of safety. When navigating at night, the relevant navigational instructions and safety precautions shall be clearly recorded in the "Master's Night Order Book".
During the berthing period, the master should set up the duty precautions and supervise and check the duty situation.
In the event of a marine accident, the ship should issue a brief maritime statement or maritime report, together with a summary of the logbook, to be sent to the relevant authorities for visas when the ship arrives at the first port, and to apply for an inspection as necessary.
When the ship has an accident that endangers the safety of the people and property on board, the master shall promptly organize the crew and other people on board to try their best to save them. In the case of the ship sinking is unavoidable, the master can make the decision to abandon ship, but should be reported as far as possible with the consent of the ship owner. In abandoning the ship, the master shall be the last to leave the ship and shall take with him, if possible, the flag, the log book and other important documents.
In case of emergency. The captain in order to safeguard the safety of human life and property on the water and to protect the environment of the waters, can make independent judgment and decision-making. The captain of the ship and the ship's personnel without seriously endangering the safety of the situation, should try to save lives on the water.
When a ship is involved in a water traffic accident or a water pollution accident, the master shall take all measures to prevent the damage from expanding and write a report on the water traffic accident or a report on the water pollution accident.
When repairing the ship, the captain should carefully approve the repair plan of each department, check the preparations before entering the factory, and do a good job in fire prevention, explosion prevention, and prevention of work-related injuries. Repair process. Often check the quality and progress of the project, strict supervision and acceptance, quality and quantity on schedule to complete the ship repair tasks.
(2), the political commissar (part of the state-owned shipping companies and)
Political commissar is one of the leaders of the ship. By the higher party committee and administrative dual leadership, responsible for the ideological and political work of the crew and spiritual civilization, and part of the administrative management; as the ship's party branch secretary is also responsible for the ship's party work.
(3) First Mate
The first mate is the main assistant of the captain and the person in charge of the deck department. Under the leadership of the captain and commissar, he presides over the daily work of the deck department. In addition to navigational duty, in charge of cargo allocation, loading and unloading, handover and transportation management, as well as the maintenance of the deck department.
The first mate is responsible for preparing the maintenance plan of the deck department, organizing the deck department personnel to do the maintenance work; responsible for supervising and doing a good job in the deck department's spare parts, materials, tools and labor protection supplies requisitioning, acceptance, custody, use and so on; responsible for the daily inspection of fresh water tanks, ballast water tanks and sewage ditches (traps) measurement records and recorded in the logbook; responsible for arranging the fresh water tanks, ballast water tanks, the injection, Discharge or transfer of fresh water tanks and ballast water tanks. As well as management of fresh water replenishment; responsible for reviewing and signing the logbook in accordance with the regulations, responsible for the custody of the logbook and the relevant drawings, technical information and business documents; responsible for supervising the third mate and the chief seaman to do a good job of life-saving, fire-fighting, leakage control equipment and all kinds of strain equipment maintenance work.
The First Mate is fully responsible for cargo loading and unloading. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of the cargo and the ship, he makes full use of the loading capacity of the ship, allocates loads reasonably, and does not overload; he calculates and maintains good steadiness and suitable draught difference, and arranges the relevant personnel to supervise the loading and unloading and prevent the occurrence of cargo loss and cargo discrepancy; in the case of loading and unloading of dangerous goods, major pieces or valuables, he should designate the chief seaman to check the loading and unloading equipment and the situation of lashing and reinforcing, and to be present at the scene to supervise the loading and unloading.
Before sailing, the chief mate is responsible for checking whether all kinds of cargo documents are complete, whether the deck crew is on board or not, as well as the amount of fresh water reserves, sealing the cabin, lashing and fixing of movable objects, etc., and test the rudder together with the chief engineer and the motor man to make sure that it is good and enter it into the logbook.
Before the attack of big wind and wave. The first mate should urge the chief seaman and carpenter to check the ship's easy to move objects and be tied up, and personally check the hatch watertight and solid condition, urge the relevant personnel to close the cargo hold vents and outer watertight doors and windows as well as dredge the deck drainage holes.
When entering and leaving the harbor, berthing and anchoring, the first mate is responsible for looking out from the bow of the ship and directing the crew to conduct safe operation of cable and anchor according to the captain's requirements.
When repairing the ship, the first mate is responsible for summarizing and preparing the ship repair plan of the deck department, formulating and implementing various safety measures, organizing the supervision and repair, acceptance and self-repair, mastering the progress and quality of repair, and completing the ship repair tasks of the department in a timely manner with quality and quantity.
Navigation watch time: 04:00-08:00; 16:00-20:00.
(4), the second mate
The second mate under the leadership of the captain, the first mate to fulfill the navigation and berthing duties prescribed by the watch, and in charge of the bridge equipment, including a variety of radio-navigational instruments, meteorological instruments, steering gear, astronomical clocks and ship's clocks, compasses, the national flag, flags, lights, models, charts and other nautical library materials.
Prior to sailing, the second mate shall, according to the instructions of the master, prepare the necessary flags, charts and related nautical materials and correct them until the day of use, design and draw a good plan of the route and submit it to the master for approval.
During the voyage, the midday report shall be filled in every day; and the voyage report shall be filled in promptly after the end of each voyage.
When entering or leaving the harbor, or berthing, the second mate directs the crew at the stern of the ship according to the captain's instructions for safe operation of the cable and other operations.
Sailing watch time: 00:00-04:00; 12:00-16:00.
(5), third mate
The third mate performs the duty of watch under the leadership of the captain and the first mate as stipulated in sailing and berthing, and is in charge of the life-saving and fire-fighting equipment.
Before sailing, the third mate should make up the ship's contingency deployment table and the crew contingency card, which will be published after the first mate's examination and the captain's and commissar's approval.
In and out of port, berthing and anchoring, the third mate on the bridge to assist in the lookout, convey and implement the master's orders, and manipulate the car clock. Record the main dynamic and situation of the car clock and the ship.
Navigation watch time: 08:00-12:00; 20:00-24:00.
(6), radio electronic or operator
Under the leadership of the captain, the political commissar, on duty, the correct use of various radio communication equipment. Do a good job of repair and maintenance work, conscientiously complete the captain and the political commissar issued by the communication tasks, and make a good record.
(7), sailor chief
Sailor chief under the leadership of the first mate. Organize and lead carpenters and sailors to carry out their work.
Responsible for the preparation of the sailor sailing, berthing and watch list;
Arrange the sailors according to the instructions of the first mate to carry out the maintenance of the hull and deck equipment, lifting and lowering booms, opening and closing of cabins, lashing of cargoes, clearing and washing of cabins, as well as loading and unloading and berthing preparations, etc.
Management of the deck department of materials, belongings, lashing equipment and labor supplies, and to do a good job of requesting, accepting and distributing the work. The work.
(8) Carpenter
The carpenter is responsible for carpentry and related work under the leadership of the chief mate and the chief seaman. He is responsible for requesting and keeping the carpentry tools and materials; for regularly checking the equipment such as portholes, watertight doors, guide hole rollers and lifeboat davits, and refueling and activating them at the right time; for measuring the water tanks, ballast water tanks and sewage ditches (wells) at least twice a day and keeping records; for contacting the engine room to fill, move and discharge ballast water or discharge cargo tank sewage according to the instructions of the first officer or the watch commander; and for maneuvering the anchoring machine and its exterior cleaning and maintenance. Cleaning and maintenance of the anchor hoist and its exterior.
(9) First Class Seaman
First Class Seaman performs duty or participates in maintenance work under the direction of the Watch Officer and Bosun.
When on duty, the first class sailor should effectively implement the provisions of the duty system. Before sailing, he shall do the preparatory work such as checking the navigation lights and preparing the required flags; during sailing, he shall steer the ship correctly according to the requirements, assist the pilot to look out, and be responsible for the cleanliness of the bridge and the maintenance of the relevant equipments.
When he is not on duty, he performs the duties of a second class seaman under the arrangement of the Bosun.
(10) Second Class Sailor
The second class sailor, under the direction of the Bosun, participates in the mooring with cable. Put away the gangway, safety net and pilot ladder, cleaning and maintenance, lifting and lowering the boom and switching the cabin, clearing and washing the cabin, watching the cabin cargo, tying up the loan, disassembling and checking the loading and unloading of appliances, inserting and weaving knots, put away the lifeboats (rafts), firefighting, lifesaving, plugging leaks, and head, as well as the first mate, the master of the sailor to arrange for other work.
(11), chief engineers
Captain, under the leadership of the captain, the political commissar, is the ship's mechanical, power, electrical (radio communications and the deck of the Department of the use of radio instruments, except) the overall technical responsibility for equipment. Responsible for the development and implementation of a variety of mechanical and electrical equipment operating procedures, maintenance and repair plans and duty system; responsible for organizing the development of the engine department ship repair plan, the preparation of repair orders and preventive maintenance plan, organization and leadership of ship repair and acceptance; responsible for a variety of oil, materials, spare parts, application, bookkeeping and reasonable use; responsible for the custody of cabin equipment, certificates, drawings and technical documents; responsible for the interrogation and signing of the logbook. In the event of an emergency, the chief engineer is responsible for directing the cabin crew to carry out repair and salvage work.
(12) The first officer
The first officer is the main assistant to the chief engineer, and is responsible for leading the personnel of the engine department to manage, operate and overhaul the electromechanical equipments under the leadership of the chief engineer, and educate the crew members to strictly abide by the work system, operation rules and labor discipline, and to ensure the correct implementation of the rules and regulations of the engine department.
The chief steward is responsible for the management of the main engine, the shaft system and the auxiliary engines directly serving the main engine, and is also responsible for the management of the rudder, the refrigerator, and the equipment related to the safety of the turbine department (such as emergency bilge valves, fuel oil emergency switches, etc.); he is responsible for the general materials of the turbine department, and the requisitioning, acceptance, and use of the spare parts, lubricating oils of the mechanical equipments in charge of himself; he is also responsible for the cleanliness of the engine, the furnace, and the pump compartments. In the test run before sailing, the first steward must be present.
Sailing duty time is the same as the first officer.
(13) Second Stewardship Wheel
The Second Stewardship Wheel, under the direction of the Engineer-in-Charge and the First Stewardship Wheel, is responsible for the management of the generating engine and the machinery and equipment serving it, some auxiliary engines in the engine room, and other equipments designated by the Engineer-in-Charge; it is responsible for the refueling of fuel oil (barge oil), and for the fuel oil measurements, statistics, and record-keeping work.
Navigational watch time is the same as second mate.
(14) Third Mate
Third Mate, under the direction of the Chief Engineer and First Mate, is responsible for the management of deck machinery, pump room, lifeboats, emergency fire pumps, air conditioning units, sub boilers and their ancillary equipment and some auxiliary engines in the cabin, etc., as well as other auxiliary engines and equipment as designated by the Chief Engineer. For ships without motor officers, the third officer is responsible for the management of the entire ship's electrical equipment.
The navigational watch time is the same as that of the third officer.
(15), chief engineman
The chief engineman shall have the ability to manage, operate and overhaul. Under the leadership of the chief steward, the chief mechanic is responsible for organizing and arranging the mechanic's duty as well as the cleaning and daily maintenance of the engine, furnace and pump compartment.
(16), Mechanic
Mechanic under the leadership of the chief engine officer and first officer, under the direct leadership and arrangement of the chief mechanic, to assist the engineman or independently to carry out the overhaul, maintenance and cleaning of the engine, electric and boiler equipment, piping system, valves, etc., and to be on duty according to the specified time.
(17), steward (now many canceled)
Steward is the person in charge of the Ministry of Affairs, is the captain and the political commissar's assistant in external contacts. Under the leadership of the captain and political commissar, he is responsible for organizing and leading the work of the personnel of the Ministry of Affairs; responsible for the life service of the crew and passengers; responsible for handling the work of the joint inspection, cash cashier and the wages of the crew.
(18), Chef
Chef under the leadership of the steward, leadership and distribution of the work of the kitchen staff, and to assist the steward to purchase, stockpiling and storage of food, foodstuffs and meal materials, to ensure that the kitchen and food cleanliness and hygiene.
(19) Kitchen Worker
The Kitchen Worker is the assistant to the Chef. Under the leadership of the chef, responsible for the stove, warehouse and meals.
(20), ship's doctor (by the first mate or the second pay part-time)
Ship's doctor under the leadership of the captain and political commissar. Responsible for the ship's medical work, and in cooperation with the first mate to supervise the ship's cleanliness and hygiene work, to ensure that all crew members, passengers' health. When there is no ship's doctor, the ship's doctor's work by the first mate (foreign ships have by the second mate).
(21) waiter
The waiter is responsible for the service of the crew and passengers under the leadership of the steward.