1. More than 90% of Chinese medicine treatment of liver cancer is in the middle and late stage when it is diagnosed, and the opportunity for surgery has been missed, so the application of modern comprehensive treatment methods is often limited by radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy; However, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have great side effects on the disease, but the indications are reduced and the curative effect is poor. Although interventional therapy has a certain curative effect, it requires high conditions and equipment and costs a lot. Therefore, Chinese medicine treatment has become one of the main treatment methods for this disease. Traditional Chinese medicine is also used in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which can better play the role of "reducing toxicity and increasing efficiency".
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the disease is mainly caused by qi deficiency of viscera, spleen deficiency and dampness accumulation, phlegm coagulation and blood stasis; Invasion of evil spirits, internal injuries of seven emotions, emotional depression, etc. It can make qi, blood, dampness, heat and blood stasis toxic to form liver cancer. The disease is located in the liver, which is closely related to the spleen, gallbladder and stomach. The main pathogenesis is the deficiency of qi in the interior and the accumulation of evil toxin.
Syndrome differentiation and treatment can be divided into the following four types.
Stagnation of liver qi: swelling and pain in the right hypochondrium, chest tightness, shortness of breath, anorexia, diarrhea, swelling under the right hypochondrium, thin and white tongue coating and thready pulse. Treatment: soothing the liver and strengthening the spleen, regulating qi and promoting blood circulation. The prescription is Chaihu Shugan Powder: Chaihu 10g, Chuanxiong 10g, Radix Paeoniae Alba 20g, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride 10g, Rhizoma Cyperi 10g, and Radix Curcumae 10g.
Qi stagnation and blood stasis: hypochondriac swelling, hypochondriac pain leading to backache, refusal to press, especially at night, abdominal distension, loss of appetite, irregular stool, mental fatigue, dark purple tongue, ecchymosis and petechia, heavy and thin pulse or astringent string. Treatment principle: promoting qi and blood circulation, removing blood stasis and resolving hard mass. Select Fuyuan Huoxue decoction for chemical cutting: Bupleurum 10g, angelica 10g, peach kernel 10g, pangolin 10g, sparganium 10g, zedoary 15g, corydalis tuber 20g, leech 6g and Eupolyphaga Seu Steleophaga.
Toxic accumulation of damp heat: upset and irritable, yellow eyes, dry mouth and bitter taste, loss of appetite, abdominal distension, stabbing pain in ribs, reddish stool, dark purple tongue, yellow greasy fur, and slippery or slippery pulse. Treatment: clearing away heat and gallbladder, purging fire and detoxifying. Yinchenhao Decoction: 20 g of Artemisia capillaris, 9 g of rhubarb, 20 g of Gardenia 10, 20 g of Lysimachia christinae, 20 g of Rhizoma Paridis, 30 g of Coicis Semen, 20 g of honeycomb 10, 20 g of iron leaf, 20 g of Rabdosia rubescens, 20 g of Scutellaria barbata, and 0 g of POTAMOGETON crispus/kloc-0.
Yin deficiency of liver: hypochondriac pain, fever, dizziness, anorexia, abdominal distension, exposed veins, even hematemesis, bloody stool, ecchymosis of skin, red tongue with little coating, and rapid pulse. Treatment: nourishing yin and softening liver, cooling blood and detoxifying. The prescription is Yiguanjian and Xijiao Dihuang Decoction: Radix Rehmanniae 15g, Radix Adenophorae 10g, Radix Ophiopogonis 10g, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 10g, Fructus Lycii 15g, Fructus Toosendan 10g and Carapax Trionycis/kloc.
2. Due to the complexity of TCM syndromes of primary liver cancer, TCM treatment of liver cancer needs to be deepened. Patients often show the form of complex syndrome. Some people have made a statistical analysis on the syndrome differentiation of 2492 cases of primary liver cancer reported in China in recent 20 years, and found that "there are as many as 68 clinical syndromes of liver cancer", which is enough to show that it is difficult to achieve good results with one or two therapies for liver treatment.
Chen Dexue and Fang Wei of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine made a statistical analysis of the DDDs of 66 clinical reports published in China during the period of 1990-2000. It is found that the drugs used to treat advanced primary liver cancer are invigorating spleen and benefiting qi, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, clearing away heat and toxic materials, clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, and nourishing yin. The frequency of use of drugs such as Poria, Atractylodes macrocephala, Bupleurum, Zagreb in August and Astragalus membranaceus was 79%, 765, 438+0%, 765, 438+0%, 43% and 43% respectively. The frequency of using drugs for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, such as salvia miltiorrhiza, angelica sinensis, zedoary, corydalis tuber and turmeric, was 86%, 64%, 64%, 50% and 50% respectively. The frequency of use of Hedyotis diffusa and Scutellaria barbata in syndrome of qi stagnation and blood stasis, syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency, and syndrome of liver and kidney yin deficiency are 57% and 36%, 36% and 29%, 29% and 14% respectively, and they are commonly used basic anticancer drugs. The frequency of use of liver and kidney nourishing drugs such as Radix Rehmanniae, Cortex Moutan, Carapax Trionycis, Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis and Rhizoma Anemarrhenae was 765, 438 0%, 57%, 50%, 43% and 43% respectively.
Practice shows that the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine can improve the therapeutic effect of liver cancer and ensure patients have a better quality of life. For example, a study by Li Jinchang of Guangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine showed that 106 patients with primary liver cancer were randomly divided into two groups, among which 44 patients in the simple intervention group received chemotherapy perfusion or chemoembolization. 62 cases in the comprehensive treatment group (Chinese medicine plus intervention) were treated with Chinese medicine at the same time or before and after intervention. Among them, qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome were treated with Gexia Zhuyu decoction; Xiaoyao powder is used for liver depression and spleen deficiency; Chen Yin Wuling powder was used for hepatobiliary damp-heat type; Yin deficiency with internal heat is treated with Zishui Qinggan Decoction. The results show that the comprehensive treatment group is obviously superior to the simple intervention group in improving the symptoms of liver pain, fatigue and loss of appetite. The short-term efficacy of the two groups, the comprehensive treatment group is significantly better than the simple intervention group. It shows that the comprehensive treatment group can obviously improve the clinical symptoms, and its short-term curative effect and survival rate are higher than those of the simple intervention group. Traditional Chinese medicine plays an auxiliary role in combination with chemotherapy and interventional therapy, and plays an important role in reducing side effects and ensuring the smooth progress of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Chinese medicine has always paid attention to "treating diseases before they occur". For liver cancer, this also includes the problem of preventing recurrence after operation. For a long time after tumor operation, all patients were in sub-health state. Traditional Chinese medicine has extensive ideas, methods and obvious advantages in correcting sub-health state. In recent years, the research of traditional Chinese medicine treatment has turned to prevent postoperative recurrence of tumors, emphasizing both prevention and treatment.