1. Concept: At present, there is no clear and unified definition of the concept of medical risk at home and abroad. Simply put, it refers to the adverse phenomenon in the medical process. It refers to the uncertainty of hazardous factors in the medical process, which directly or indirectly lead to the possibility of death or disability of patients is medical risk.
①Medical risk refers to the possibility of loss suffered by both the patient and the doctor in the medical process, the patient refers to the existence of the whole process of medical services, may lead to the uncertainty of the damage or disability events, as well as the possibility of all the unsafe things. To the hospital is the risk of an unsafe event caused by medical error or negligence in the course of medical services.
②Medical risk is the medical process or medical behavior caused by the medical purpose outside of the risk borne by both doctors and patients ****. Patients bear the diagnosis, treatment uncertainty, the condition may deteriorate, disability, or even death; due to the side effects of the treatment caused by the sequelae and dysfunction of the risk of damage to health. While the medical side to bear the subjective efforts, but due to the limitations of people's cognitive ability and the complexity of the disease and the occurrence of unforeseen circumstances, failed to achieve the desired purpose of the occupational risk, need to bear legal responsibility, financial compensation.
2. Nature and Characteristics
2.1 Medical Risks Occur Suddenly
An important characteristic of medical risk is that it occurs rather suddenly, with a lack of due preparation beforehand. In normal medical activities, when the doctor in accordance with past experience and routine, after the establishment of the diagnosis of medical advice and enter the treatment process, according to common sense should be able to achieve the expected results, but the results are not as expected, which has the potential for diagnosis and treatment process of certain risk factors. For example, diagnostic errors, allergic reactions to drugs, toxic reactions to drugs, anesthesia accidents, surgical accidents and so on. Although after the occurrence of the above mentioned emergencies, there will be clinical rescue plans and measures, and most patients can turn out to be safe, but there will be individual patients due to their own complex reasons, such as the sensitivity of the drug, the degree of the body's reaction, and make the rescue program is ineffective.
Medical risk is complex because of its suddenness, unpredictability and lack of fixed regularity.