Chapter III Equipment and Supplies
Tent-happy-go-lucky home, sleeping bag-adult's knee, backpack-suitcase, moisture-proof pad-foldable Simmons, Swiss army knife-universal toolbox, telescope-farsightedness, compass-grasp the direction. Modern outdoor travel exploration is no longer wearing sandals, hemp fibers and hats.
Section 1 General outdoor travel equipment
It is impossible to travel and camp without necessary equipment, but there is no need to bring too much and don't miss some important things. Let's give you a list (Table 3- 1). Please browse before you act and make preparations according to this list. The principle is: on the basis of foresight, take as few things as possible, reduce the burden, and complete the trip in the best physical condition. It is important to be prepared on the basis of foresight, such as eating. If there are restaurants and villages at all stops along the way, bring as little food as possible and only consider a small amount of chocolate for standby. Food alone can lose a lot of weight, and at the same time, you can force yourself to learn to find food. As long as you have a family, you can get a lot of help.
This book mainly introduces the general outdoor travel equipment, which outdoor travel enthusiasts need to know. They are divided into personal equipment and collective equipment, and collective equipment can be divided into essential equipment and optional equipment. This chapter mainly introduces general travel equipment and its usage. The classification, purchase, use, products and maintenance of some important projects will be introduced in detail, and the general projects will be briefly introduced:
Table (3- 1) Common Field Travel Equipment Table
Single equipment component
Travelling backpack, sleeping bag, group tent, tableware.
Sleeping mat/travel mat inflatable pillow * * * uses cooker fuel to burn steam.
Change clothes, spare shoes and socks * * * collective emergency lighting medicine.
Toilet utensils, tableware, map information, team flag/logo flag
Flashlight/headlight ID card camping tools public food
Sun hat/headdress self-use medical altimeter public condiment
Sun protection kettle/drink compass/compass first aid supplies
Collective certification itinerary for self-provided emergency food lighters/windproof matches
Dagger/Swiss knife notebook/ballpoint pen collective sewing supplies folding bucket
Local profile information string/line of toilet paper garbage bag
Self-help articles Self-use steam stove safety belt/iron lock climbing rope
Cash raincoats/rain gear ☆ Group entertainment equipment ☆ Group gifts.
Walking stick, photographic equipment/film, radio communication machine and satellite locator.
☆ Waste newspapers ☆ Self-use entertainment equipment ☆ Thermometers ☆ Telescopes.
☆ Use a watch ☆ Sunglasses/snow goggles ☆ Plastic cloth ☆ Pedometer.
Swimsuit ☆ wallet ☆ chalk/marker ☆ candle/lantern.
☆ This guidebook ☆ Give gifts to each other ☆ Life buoy ☆ Camping alarm.
☆ hammock ☆ mosquito repellent/device ☆ barbecue utensils ☆ self-defense equipment.
☆ Water purifier ☆ Foot cover/leggings/knee pads ☆ Recorder.
Note: the items marked ☆ in the above table are optional items and equipment, that is, items that do not need to be brought. Of course, it is sometimes necessary, depending on the specific situation, so it is for reference only.
Section 2 Selection and Use of Equipment
Choosing, buying and using outdoor travel equipment is very knowledgeable. At present, there are many domestic and foreign tourist commodities to choose from in the domestic market, including high-grade, middle-grade and low-grade. How to choose according to your actual situation must be seriously considered. You can ask yourself the following two questions first:
1。 Do I plan to travel, climb mountains and explore frequently? Not on impulse.
2。 Do you often go to underdeveloped places for field trips? Instead of general conventional tourist attractions.
If your answer to the above question is yes, then you and everyone (collectively) should make serious and systematic preparations. If it's vague or just general, don't bother. It's best to join the travel agency team or prepare something casually. The following is a comprehensive introduction to the basic knowledge, classification, purchase and use of various equipment, including essential items and optional items.
I. Selection and use of personal equipment
1. Travel and mountaineering backpacks
Backpack is an important equipment to carry all kinds of travel goods, and it is essential for travel. We can list backpacks, clothes, food, shoes and sleeping bags as the five elements of field trip. A good backpack is a good partner, and travelers attach great importance to and cherish their backpacks.
(1) classification and selection: backpacks are generally divided into ordinary backpacks, mountaineering backpacks and other special backpacks from the purpose; Structurally, it is divided into ordinary soft bag (simple without support), inner support backpack and outer support backpack. It can also be classified from the aspects of volume and material. A durable backpack is best bought at a travel shop. Ordinary backpack (see Figure 3- 1) should pay attention to the following issues when selecting:
Answer: The outer layer of the backpack is made of dense waterproof, wear-resistant, flame-retardant and tear-resistant materials, mostly made of man-made fiber (Kodra) and high-density nylon Oxford cloth. D is generally used to distinguish their functions, such as 420D Oxford nylon, 1000D Kodra nylon, etc. The higher the function, the more professional it is. Some of its stitches are treated by waterproof glue film spraying.
B. Wide and thick suspenders, belts, back pads, with sweat-releasing ventilation slots (see Figure 3-2), etc.
C. The volume of the main ladle should be about 50 liters, and there should be at least 2 ~ 3 side ladle or top ladle.
Professional travel and mountaineering backpacks (see Figure 3-3) shall meet the following requirements:
Answer: The backpack has a metal bracket (mostly aluminum alloy) or an outer bracket (that is, the backpack, as shown in Figure 3-4).
B. Shoulder straps (S-shaped) and belts can be adjusted up and down, as well as chest straps.
C. The volume of the main bag should be 50 ~ 80 liters, and the main bag is divided into two parts, which can be used for repackaging.
Generally, men should choose at least one backpack with a capacity of more than 50 liters, because when traveling, men should carry more items than women. Ladies can choose 40 liters. You can take less backpacks with larger ones, but you can't take more if you buy smaller ones. Therefore, choose a backpack, rather big than small. Second, we should choose those with many subcontracts (composite backpacks) and those with brackets inside.
(2) Usage: The backpack is very practical in loading items. Generally, backpacks are divided into top cover bags (used to carry rain gear, maps, snacks, etc.). ) from top to bottom (see Figure 3-5), and colleagues can easily take out such items when needed. Double bread (used to carry some common items, such as kettle, flashlight, washing utensils, toilet paper, compass, first-aid medicine, first-aid food, sunglasses, gloves, small camera, film and so on). Big bags (main bags) contain other important items (such as sleeping bags, clothes, tableware, etc.). ).
Packaging principle:? Common items should be placed near the opening, and items used only during camping should be placed inside; ? Light and soft items are below, and heavy and hard items are above (items that cannot be pressed should be above). Heavy objects are beneficial to make the center of gravity of the backpack as close as possible to the center of gravity of the human body, and it is not easy to make people's waist and abdomen muscles tired. ? Pay attention to the balance between the left and right sides of the backpack, don't be light and heavy at the same time. At the same time, it should be noted that the tightness of the two shoulder straps should be properly adjusted and equal in size.
In addition, the external items of the backpack are the tent at the top and the moisture-proof pad at the bottom, which is also the principle of emphasizing the top and lightening the bottom.
Backpack method: Because a backpack full of things is heavy, you should learn to recite it. First, it is the easiest way to sit on the high platform, or people sit on the ground and put their backpacks on their right legs with their right hands, first enter their right hands, and then stand up and then enter their left hands. The overall position of the backpack should be like this. The man's belt should be tied at the hip bone, and the woman's belt should be tied above the hip bone (that is, the lower waist). Tighten the shoulder strap, make the backpack close to the back, and finally adjust the shoulder strap (Figure 3-6). If the short strap is 30-40 degrees from the backpack, it is the best position and strap method.
(3) Product introduction: At present, there are many kinds of backpacks in the domestic market, mainly including NIKKO in Hong Kong, BIG PACK and VauDe in Germany, Giant in South Korea and backpacks produced by some joint ventures. These products are professional and complete in variety. The following table lists the information about NIKKO backpack for reference only. The second section of chapter 9 of this book specifically introduces various domestic and foreign commodity brands. Please pay attention.
(4) Supplementary introduction: At present, there are many combined multi-purpose backpacks on the market, such as mother-child backpack (for example, NK-5000, note: NK stands for the backpack of NIKKO brand in Hong Kong, and the number behind is the model of backpack, the same below), that is, the big one carries small backpack and can travel long distances, the small one usually goes out and the small one is for children. There is also a dual-purpose bag, which is a leather bag that looks bigger, but it can be used as a backpack when disassembled, and it is only suitable for general outings. There are also backpacks with rain cover, backpacks that can be put away with belts, backpacks with cushions and so on.
Table (3-2) Unit: RMB Yuan
Other descriptions of model volume and material reference price Other descriptions of model volume and material reference price
NK-36S 36L 338 NK- 1898 87L 765
NK-503 45L 480 NK- 1992 92L 8 10
NK-5800 66L 770 Maternal and Infant Bag NK-6 16 58L 644 Back Frame Bag
NK-1850 46L405NK-618 60L655 back frame bag
Special note: all the information (including prices) of the commodities in this chapter are provided by Kunming Outdoor Tourism Products Co., Ltd. for reference only, especially the prices do not represent the national prices. Quotation time1July, 998. Subsequent price changes will only be revised in the second edition of this book.
(5) Maintenance method: After the backpack is wet and dirty, it must be washed and dried. Don't press heavy objects when storing. It is best to pack sleeping bags and other ordinary travel goods. If the suture is cracked or damaged, it should be repaired in time.
2. Sleeping bag
Sleeping bags are also necessary for camping in the wild. Of course, blankets, sofa quilts and duck down can also be used instead. However, if you plan to travel frequently, it is recommended to buy sleeping bags carefully.
(1) Classification and selection: Sleeping bags can be roughly divided into ordinary sleeping bags and mountain sleeping bags due to different purposes. From the internal filler (insulation layer), it can be roughly divided into two types: down and artificial cotton. Down is divided into waterfowl down, goose down and duck down. Man-made cotton is divided into acrylic cotton, DuPont hollow cotton of the United States and Thisulate of 3M Company of the United States. Structurally (Figure 3-7), it can be divided into envelope type and mummy type.
In terms of warmth retention, down sleeping bags are different due to the different cashmere content. Ordinary down sleeping bags contain 20-40% cashmere and the rest are feathers. More than 80% of cashmere is a high-grade sleeping bag, which is very expensive and is mostly used for mountaineering. Waterbird down is the best down variety, followed by white goose down and white duck down. Hollow cotton is the best man-made cotton, but there are many hollow holes in the fiber, which has good thermal insulation performance and low price. It is suggested that this kind of cotton can be used as the first choice for general travel. Authentic sleeping bags have instructions for applying thermometers. For example, ordinary sleeping bags are generally marked with 15℃- 10℃-0℃, which means that they can be used from zero to zero 15℃. Advanced sleeping bags can generally be used at MINUS 40 degrees.
Structurally speaking, the envelope zipper (as shown in Figure 3-7) can be completely opened, which can be used as a sleeping bag outside and a quilt at home. Mummy style is specially designed according to the shape of human body, with a hood, which is the best choice for outdoor travel. Generally, the fabric of sleeping bags is nylon, and the lining is cotton or polyester cotton.
Supplementary note: All sleeping bags can be compressed in order to be easy to carry, so some sleeping bags come with compression belts, which can compress sleeping bags to 2/3 or half of the fluffy volume. There are also special sleeping bag compression belts to buy.
(2) Use and maintenance: The principles of use and maintenance of sleeping bags are generally fire-proof, moisture-proof and sanitary. Smoking is prohibited in the tent, away from the bonfire; If the sleeping bag is wet, it should be dried in time or with long fire; Sleeping bags are for your own use. Generally, don't lend them to others to prevent infectious diseases. After each use, it should be cooled and disinfected in time. When not in use, it should be fluffy, not compressed, and cooled regularly. If it's dirty, it's best to send it to a dry cleaner for dry cleaning instead of washing it with a washing machine. Usually, the length of the sleeping bag is greater than the actual height of the user. When a person sleeps on his back, he lifts his feet and then puts them down, so that the extra part of the sleeping bag is placed under his feet, which can better keep his feet warm.
(3) Product introduction: At present, there are many kinds of sleeping bags in the domestic market, including German big bags, American marmots, Hongkong Sunlight, Korean Jin Dong and so on. Most of these are DuPont cotton sleeping bags, both ordinary and advanced. Sleeping bags in China are mostly duck down. Ordinary sleeping bags are generally 200 ~ 300 yuan, and advanced sleeping bags are generally around 1000 yuan.
3. Moisture-proof sleeping mat
Sleeping mats are very important items. Most tents don't have moisture-proof mats, only isolation layers, so it is impossible without moisture-proof mats. It has the functions of moisture-proof, heat preservation and comfortable sleep. Sleeping mats are generally divided into the following three types:
(1) classification and selection
Answer: inflatable cushion: camping and water cushion, rubber products. Dimensions are divided into single air cushion (Figure 3-8) and double air cushion; Type, chair type separation air cushion, tubular air cushion, combined air cushion, format air cushion, etc. Because it is a rubber product, it is heavy and easy to break, so it is not suitable for backpacking. But if it's an ordinary car going out for an outing, it's a good sleeping mat. The price for a single person is between 60 and 70 yuan, and the price for a double person is between 1 10 ~ 120 yuan. Mainly produced by some domestic military enterprises.
B. Moisture-proof mat (beach mat): International standard (length 1.8M, width 0.5M, thickness 0.0 1M), made in high-density foam, cylindrical, for single use. Because of its light weight (only 250g), it has good moisture resistance, heat preservation, softness and comfort. This is a must for camping in the wild. The price is generally around 30 ~ 40 yuan. It can be used all year round.
C. Tent cushion (travel and leisure cushion): A light and special sponge cushion, made of new PE foam material, with excellent elasticity and aging resistance. One side of it is a reflective film and the other side is a color film. Its moisture-proof, heat insulation and portability are also good. It is mainly used to lay the bottom of a tent, and then it is better to lay a moisture-proof pad. You can use it directly in summer. But when camping in cold mountainous areas, they are usually used together. There is no production in China at present. However, there is a similar travel and leisure mat that is basically the same and can be replaced. The size is1.5×1.8m. It can be used as a tent. Put it away as big as a damp pad. The price is around 80 ~ 1 10 yuan.
(2) Use and maintenance: These cushions are easy to be scratched and punctured, so wear appropriate protective covers when carrying them out. You can't sleep on the air cushion with your key (not on your belt).
4。 Pillows for field use: pillows are dispensable, and you can "sit back and relax" with them. There are inflatable pillows on the market at present, which are also rubber products. Because it is easy to carry, it is also deeply loved by campers. Price10 ~ one in 20 yuan.
5。 Outdoor travel clothes
The basic requirements of outdoor travel clothing, whether underwear or coat pants, should be warm, soft, breathable, sweat-wicking, loose and less static, and the coat should also be wear-resistant, colorful and have many pockets. If you want to be waterproof in the rainy season. Due to the wide variety of travel clothes and great differences in personal preferences, the following factors should be considered when choosing:
★ Keep warm: Keeping warm is the first requirement of clothes. Except in winter, you can wear ordinary cotton and wool casual clothes during the day, which should be loose, open in front and easy to put on and take off (that is, easy to dissipate heat). Wear warm clothes in winter, such as down jacket, down vest (vest is both warm and convenient for hand movement), sweater and down jacket. Generally, zipper is used to take off (it can be taken off quickly), and some pullovers can be selected in winter for better warmth retention.
★ Breathability and rainproof: Breathability and rainproof are contradictory. When exercising, the sweat of the human body should be eliminated from the body through clothes in time to maintain normal metabolic function. Therefore, ventilation and sweat absorption should be the second factor in choosing clothes. Generally speaking, cotton products have good air permeability and sweat absorption performance, but they also have no rain-proof function. Some advanced mountaineering travel clothes have one-way permeability, that is, rain can't get in, but they can eliminate body sweat, but the price is relatively high. In general, we can only consider the permeability and perspiration performance, and entrust rainproof to raincoats. Clothing made of this fabric is also called all-weather clothing.
★ Multifunctional: Whether it is clothes or trousers, the pocket is better. It is best to use a cover instead of a zipper to prevent rain. More pockets can hold some small things. Other functions include: an underarm sweat outlet (zipper type); Collar with rain hat (the latest is multi-angle exploration hat); Detachable sleeves; Pants and feet can be collected; Clothes can be gathered at the waist, buttocks (with rope) and so on. Of course, you should have more functions according to your own needs, and don't be greedy.
★ Color: When traveling in the jungle, the colors of clothes and trousers should be highly recognizable, which is convenient for mutual care, identification and search, so they should generally be bright colors, such as yellow, red, white and blue. If there are some colors, individuals can be identified. In general, you can't wear crazy or green clothes (except for animal inspection).
★ Note: Some clothes and pants are not suitable for outdoor travel, but many people like to wear them, so special attention should be paid, such as jeans, jeans, nylon pants, long skirts and silk clothes.
Product Description: At present, the most famous outdoor sportswear in the world is made of Goer-Tex (products of American Gore Company, see below) and other fabrics. It is a one-way breathable fabric and an invention called "the cloth of the century". Its cloth has an average of 9 billion pores on a square inch, each pore is 20,000 times larger than a drop of water, but 700 times larger than a sweaty one, so the pores have one direction. Clothes made of this fabric are high-grade clothes for outdoor travel, and of course they are also very expensive. Similar fabrics are Sofitex in Belgium, Finetex in Korea, Gelanots in Japan, and some similar foreign brands, such as Orsoka and NIKKO, with slightly lower prices. At present, polar fleece is popular abroad. This kind of fabric has many advantages, such as lint-free, soft to the touch, high warmth retention, good air permeability, easy perspiration and so on.
6。 Travel shoes and socks:
When traveling outdoors, you must wear suitable travel shoes and socks. Generally wear ordinary sports rubber shoes, travel shoes, hiking shoes, etc. Please pay attention to the following elements when choosing:
★ Shoe fabric: General sports shoes include leather (cowhide, pigskin, etc.). ), canvas and other synthetic fabrics (including Goer-tex). Leather fabric has good properties such as warmth, moisture-proof, breathability and foot protection, but it is heavy. At present, some synthetic fiber fabrics have the same performance as leather and are light in weight, such as some advanced hiking shoes.
★ Upper height: The height of the upper has two meanings. One is to protect the ankle from sprain, especially walking on some rugged mountain roads. The height of the upper can protect the foot. The second is to prevent foreign objects from entering the shoes, such as some insects and prickly plant seeds. But the flexibility is not as good as short help, so it depends on the specific situation.
★ Material of sole: The thickness of sole is as important as the material used. Generally, there is no flat road surface with rocks, so you can wear shoes with thin rubber soles (that is, common sports shoes, rubber shoes, travel shoes, etc.). ). If there are many uneven stone roads or you need to climb, you must wear rubber shoes or shoes with thick soles. Otherwise, you will roll your feet. In addition, sometimes when climbing, you need to step on the rising fulcrum with your toes, so the hard sole plays an irreplaceable role.
★ Size: A long-term traveler's feet will swell with congestion. Therefore, when buying shoes, you should be slightly larger than your actual size, and you can't wear tight shoes. In addition, because you travel and camp on the snowy mountain in winter, if your feet are cold, you should thicken your socks, and you can't do it without a certain degree of looseness. How much depends on personal circumstances, usually within two yards. In addition, in some places, dried peppers are stuffed in the toe, which is said to promote blood circulation of toes and prevent frostbite. Just try it.
★ Other designs: The grooves in the soles are also very particular. The transverse, arc, circular and longitudinal grooves of the groove play an all-round anti-skid role. As can be seen from the arrangement of these grooves. In short, grooves are used to increase the friction of shoes, including walking in mud. The common method of tying shoelaces is perforation, which is an old-fashioned method and more troublesome to use. At present, it is generally a combination of perforation and buckle, with perforation at the instep and buckle above the ankle, which is relatively simple to put on and take off.
★ Sock requirements: generally wear long cotton socks when traveling. These socks absorb sweat better. In the past, mountain travelers generally wore shorts (or bloomers) and stockings. Bring at least two pairs of socks.
Use and maintenance: All new shoes should be worn for a period of time before long-distance travel, so that the feet and shoes have a running-in period. When problems are found, they should be solved in time. Before use, you can drop a few drops of white wine or alcohol into the new shoes, which can achieve the function of deodorization. When traveling, you should not tie your shoelaces too tightly or too loosely, but control them well. Tighten your ankles when going uphill and climbing, tighten your toes when going downhill and downhill, and tighten your uppers when the road is gravel to prevent spraining your feet. When the road surface is flat, the upper should be relaxed appropriately, especially the high-top shoes. Shoes should be stored in a dry place when not in use. If they are wet, they should be washed and dried first. The storage method should also be to fill the shoes with fillers such as newspapers to keep the shape.
Supplement-Campsite shoes: Because of long-term walking, your feet will be congested and swollen, so when you arrive at the rest place (camp), you should put on wide campsite shoes in time to relax your feet. At the same time, when traveling outdoors, shoes will get wet due to dew, water beach and other reasons. And put on dry shoes at the campsite. Therefore, it is best to bring a pair of camping shoes (usually with low-grade light sports shoes) and a pair of light foam sandals and slippers when traveling abroad. They also play an important role in wading across the river (described later). As for its choice, there is no strict standard. Spare shoes should be soft and fit, and slippers should be wide and durable. Therefore, generally speaking, you should take three pairs of shoes when traveling.
7。 Washing utensils: Necessary washing utensils include: towel (ordinary towel or compressed towel), toothpaste (preferably small), toothbrush, soap, plastic cup (preferably multi-purpose). Some of these things can be shared (toothpaste) to reduce the number of items.
8。 Tableware for personal use: There are many picnics, and the following requirements must be considered for the tableware you bring:
(1) light weight; (2) Multipurpose (convenient for direct cooking); (3) Strong and durable.
At present, tableware suitable for outdoor travel can be selected from various tableware on the market. The following tableware is recommended:
★ Stainless steel tableware: There are many kinds of this kind of tableware. It is recommended to buy rectangular or round stainless steel tableware with long handle. There are also three-piece sets and multiple sets (Figure 3-9), which are very easy to use. The price is between 60 and 80 yuan, and the imported ones are much more expensive.
★ Multi-purpose military tableware: Many military stores sell aluminum multi-purpose tableware sets, which contain pots for eating and small dishes. The price is around 50 yuan.
★ Stainless steel insulated lunch box: This product can't be directly cooked, but it has good insulation performance and is suitable for use in cold places.
★ Plastic tableware: This kind of tableware is light in weight and low in price, but it can't be cooked and has poor durability, but it is also good as a tool (water cup) for traveling or drinking water in summer.
As for dining tools, disposable sanitary chopsticks and stainless steel spoons and forks can be considered.
9. Personal lighting equipment: camping in the wild must bring outdoor lighting equipment and use flashlights, candles and headlights. The flashlight is flexible and versatile, but it needs one hand, while the headlight (see Figure 3- 10) can free up both hands, and the illuminated area moves with the line of sight. They have their own advantages, so they should be chosen according to the situation, but they should be careful not to be too big or too heavy. It is recommended to buy a plastic (engineering plastic) shell and a waterproof flashlight. If you travel for a long time, you must consider taking a spare light bulb and battery. In addition, when carrying a flashlight, the built-in battery should be inverted (that is, the electrodes are the same together) to avoid leakage, and the rotary switch (such as Meguiar's flashlight) can be omitted. Candle is a very useful lighting device. It can burn for a long time. You can use a coke bottle as a candle lamp to prevent wind. If you use a flashlight, you can wrap a nylon rope around your head on the flashlight, which is more convenient to use.
Product description: American flashlight such as MAG-LITF (Figure 3- 1 1) is a world-famous flashlight. Because of its excellent quality, it is widely loved by people and often used as a gift with Swiss army knife. Meguiar's flashlight has many models and is equipped with various types of batteries. Its lamp holder can be used not only as a flashlight, but also as a candle lamp when it is taken down and covered under it. Suitable for outdoor travel are M2A03H( 197 yuan), M2A 1 1C(230 yuan) and other models, all of which use the 5th battery. Usually in big stores.
10. ID card: It is not unnecessary to bring your ID card and work permit. If you are traveling with a group, you can bring the proof materials issued by the group. If it is a paper certificate, it should be packed in plastic. Identity documents should be carried with you, not in your backpack.
1 1. Sunshade/headdress: You should wear a suitable hat when traveling.
★ Sun hat (sun hat): suitable for summer use. It is best to use a sun hat with a long brim and bright colors.
★ Wide-brimmed sun hat: When traveling in some hot places, you can bring round wide-brimmed sun hats, such as straw hats and inflatable hats.
★ Wool hat/headdress: Of course, when traveling in winter, especially in snowy mountains, you should bring a hat with good thermal performance. You can choose some wool hats, mountaineering hats (wool products), snow hats and so on.
12。 Self-use drug
When people move to a new place, they always get sick or feel uncomfortable because of some unaccustomed conditions, especially when traveling in the wild. Because people's physiological functions adapt to exercise and the new environment in different degrees during exercise. In addition, the natural environmental conditions, sanitary conditions and dietary conditions of the place where you go are all a big test of people's physiological adaptability. People with good mental state, healthy constitution and strong autoimmune ability are not easy to get sick; On the contrary, it is easy to get sick. But in any case, it is always necessary to bring some spare medicine. Don't be too credulous about your physique and your judgment of your travel destination. There is no need to bring all kinds of medicines. The following list is for reference. Everyone should choose according to their common diseases and applicable drugs:
Answer: Cold medicines: such as Ganmaoqing, Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet, black-and-white film, Banlangen Tablet, etc.
B antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and antibiotics: such as acetylspiramycin, APC, Qingre Xiaoyan Capsule, Baiyanjing and Kemanmin.
Gastrointestinal drugs: Baoji Pill, Norfloxacin, Berberine, Belladonna Tablets.
D. Five-sense organs drugs: oxytetracycline eye ointment, erythromycin eye ointment and anti-crack red (vaseline).
E. External use: Baiyao tincture, Baiyao, green ointment, ointment for relieving dampness and pain, bandage, gauze and cotton wool.
F. Insect repellent snake medicine: essential oil, cooling oil and snake medicine.
G. Emergency medicine: analgesic spray.
13。 Sunscreen products: Most people who work and live in cities work indoors and spend less time in the sun. You can see the tender and fragile skin as soon as you go out. If you don't want your skin to crack and get sunburned in the sun, in addition to shading, you should also bring a skin care product that suits you. In fact, human skin can resist the ultraviolet rays of the sun. You only need to use skin care products for a few days before your trip, and then you can gradually stop using them (of course, people are tanned). At present, there are many skin care products in the domestic market, so we should choose economical and applicable skin care and sunscreen products, such as olive oil and Avon sunscreen (15 times, 30 times, etc. ).
14。 Kettle/drink
Traveling for a long time without proper water is an unimaginable and serious problem. If you foresee the water shortage where you are going, you must bring water tools. The requirements for water tools should consider light weight, large volume, durability and thermal insulation performance (except in summer). At present, the following commodities are available in the market:
★ All-stainless steel thermos: At present, there are many such kettles on the market, including 600ml (ml), 800ml, 1200ml, etc. It has good thermal insulation performance, but it is expensive. Generally, it costs 100 yuan to go to 300 yuan.
★ Military dual-purpose kettle: there is a kettle inside and a container that can be used to boil water outside. The waist shape is very suitable for outdoor travel. The price is also more suitable.
★ Other containers: ordinary glass pots, plastic pots, space cups, sheepskin pots, etc. Have their own applicable purposes. At present, the glass fiber reinforced plastic drinking water bottle (space cup) is popular, which is very suitable for traveling in four seasons. You can also take a bottle of coke with you. After drinking, it can be filled with water as a water storage tool.
15。 Emergency food: When traveling and exploring, you may be left behind, lost or hungry before others for some reason, so it is wise to bring some emergency food. Emergency food should be scarce and exquisite. And high-calorie foods, such as beef jerky, ham sausage, chocolate, dried fish slices, compressed biscuits, etc. , are chosen according to personal preferences.
16。 Lighter: Besides food and water, fire is used to survive in the wild. So it is very necessary to bring lighters (including windproof lighters) or windproof matches. Note that lighters are used at different altitudes, and the flame size is different. It is not as good as high-altitude windproof matches.
17。 Self-use steam stove: It is popular to bring your own steam stove (also called gas stove) to cook for yourself in foreign mountaineering expeditions. Although we usually travel in groups, we should bring an outdoor steam stove (or both of us). At present, there are mainly the following personal steam stoves in the domestic market:
★ Ordinary camping steam stove (as shown in Figure 3- 12): electronic ignition, using ordinary standard gas cylinders (250g), which has the advantage of being easy to carry and use, but the disadvantage is heavier. The price is around 60 yuan.
★ Folding steam furnace: Same as above, the advantage is easy to carry, but the disadvantage is that the gas receiving part is not very good.
★ Imported steam furnace (as shown in Figure 3- 13): Generally EPLgas brand, it is a very popular steam furnace for mountaineering exploration in the world. Needless to say, it has few advantages, but it is expensive and the gas cylinder is not easy to replace or replenish.
18。 Small cutting machine
Traveling and exploring are impossible without knives. In the foreign army, the ability to survive in the wild and jungle with multifunctional knives should be assessed, which shows the great role of knives.
Selection and use: Generally, you should bring two knives, a broadsword (such as a dagger) and a knife when traveling and exploring in the wild. The knife referred to here is a foldable knife (that is, a folding knife). At present, the most famous knife in the world is Swiss army knife, and there are two brands in the domestic market, one is Wenger and the other is Vinos.