② Patients who need cardiopulmonary resuscitation;
③ Organ failure (including heart, brain, lung, liver and kidney) or multiple organ failure;
④ Patients with severe shock, septicemia and poisoning;
⑤ Patients who need intensive care and treatment before and after organ transplantation. After the condition improved, he was transferred back to the general ward.
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1, Introduction:
ICU is the intensive care unit (ICU); Intensive care unit, also known as intensive care unit, is a medical organization and management form that integrates modern medical care technology with the development of medical care specialty, the birth of new medical equipment and the improvement of hospital management system. Only by concentrating critically ill patients in ICU and giving the best guarantee in manpower, material resources and technology can we get good treatment results. There is a central monitoring station in ICU, which can directly observe all the monitored beds. Each bed covers a wide area, and the beds are separated by glass or cloth curtains. ICU is equipped with bedside monitor, central monitor, multifunctional respiratory therapeutic apparatus, anesthesia machine, electrocardiograph, defibrillator, pacemaker, infusion pump, micro syringe, tracheal intubation and first aid equipment required for tracheotomy.
2. Development process
ICU has a history of more than 30 years in the world, and now it has become a rescue center for critically ill patients in hospitals. ICU monitoring level and advanced equipment have become an important symbol to measure the level of a hospital. ICU in China started late, starting in the early 1980s. At present, hospitals above the second level in China must be equipped with intensive care units, which are developing faster and faster. ICU is divided into comprehensive ICU and specialized ICU (such as burn ICU, cardiovascular surgery ICU, neonatal ICU, etc. ). CCU is a specialized ICU, and the first C is the abbreviation of coronary heart disease, which is specially aimed at severe coronary heart disease.
3. Ward equipment
There is a central monitoring station in ICU, which can directly observe all the monitored beds. The area of each bed is15 ~18m2, and the beds are separated by glass or cloth curtains. ICU equipment must be equipped with bedside monitors, central monitors, multifunctional respiratory therapy machines, anesthesia machines, electrocardiographs, defibrillators, pacemakers, infusion pumps, micro-syringes, oxygen inhalation devices in standby state, and first-aid equipment for tracheal intubation and tracheotomy. Hospitals with better conditions include blood gas analyzer, microcomputer, electroencephalograph, B-ultrasound, bedside X-ray machine, hemodialysis machine, intra-arterial balloon counterpulsation machine, routine hematuria analyzer and blood biochemical analyzer.
In addition, there are pediatric intensive care units (PICU) in the Department of Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Emergency Medicine; Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU); Medical intensive care unit (MICU); Cardiovascular intensive care unit (CCU); Cardiac surgical intensive care unit (CICU); Emergency intensive care unit (EICU) neurosurgery intensive care unit (NSICU).