Two, Prince Rui House: there are two, one in Donghuamen Pudu Temple, the other in the Foreign Ministry Street, now 124 Middle School. The former is Prince Rui into Beijing after the residence, the latter is the Qianlong years after the restoration of Prince Rui Seigneur of the new House. Prince Rui that is the early Qing Dynasty regent dorgon, is the Qing dynasty emperor nurhachu fourteenth son, the Qing dynasty emperor Huang taiji's brother. Qing Taizong Chongde first year (1636) promoted Rui Prince, is one of the early Qing dynasty founders of the Great Iron Hat King. After entering the capital, selected Mingnan Palace for the royal residence, the site in the south side of Donghuamen Street. Shunzhi eight years (1651) dorgon was forced to take the title after the death of dorgon, Wang Fu abolished. His son Dolbo in shunzhi fourteen years (1657) sealed Baylor, in the stone adults hutong (now the foreign ministry street) to establish Baylor House. Qianlong forty-three years (1778) to restore the title of Prince Rui, his descendants inheritance, Baylor House for Prince Rui new house. The original room more than 500 rooms, only a section of the courtyard wall with a tile roof remains, and two stone lions are missing.
Three, Prince Yu's House (Xinxian Wang Fu): in the East single three articles of the present Dongcheng District Shuai Fu Park East, the location of today's Xiehe Hospital. Prince Yu began for the King of the Qing dynasty Nurhachu's fifteenth son DuoDuo. Duo Duo was a strong and resolute man, capable of fighting in battles. Since then, there have been 13 kings inheriting the title of Prince Yu. Legend has it that the fourth Prince Yu liked to play chess, and Qianlong also liked to play chess, and both of them were good at chess. Emperor Qianlong often went to the House of King Yu to look for small King Yu to play chess entertainment. One day, the king and his subjects met to play chess, intending to compete with each other. The result was 5:5, equal winners and losers. How to reward and punish? Qianlong had a bright idea, said: "I also do not reward you, also do not gouge your door nail. In this way, I allow you to raise the wall three feet high!" Mansion wall height is also the level of the representation, the permission to increase the height of the wall of the actual is also rewarded to honor. King Yu is very happy to accept the order to increase the wall. In fact, later King Yu only understand, add wall is actually to confine themselves more tightly. Mansion walls and prison walls in general, meaning that the king of Yu is imprisoned for life. Thus, Beijing left the proverb of "the room of King Li's house, the wall of King Yu's house". With the fall of the Qing dynasty, Prince Yu's iron hat title has come to an end, in order to maintain the family's huge expenses, the end of 1916, there are nearly 300 years of history of the Yu Wang Fu, had to sell to the United States oil king Rockefeller. The Americans dismantled all the buildings of the mansion, and invited experts from China and the United States to design and build the Concordia Medical College and the affiliated hospital, which was a combination of Chinese and Western styles. It is said that when dismantling the Prince Yu's Mansion, a large amount of gold and silver treasures hidden in the ground for emergency use by successive generations of Prince Yu were unearthed, and the Union Medical College Hospital also used these large amounts of treasures to purchase the most advanced medical equipment, which became China's best large-scale general hospital at that time. Prince Yu House in addition to the door of the two reclining lions, the old Prince Yu House outside the door, there are no other relics to be found, but it is worth saying that the existing pair of reclining lions is the only pair of reclining lions in front of all the royal houses of the Qing Dynasty in Beijing.
Four, Prince Su House: the original in Dongjiaominxiang Lane, "Xinjiao Treaty" signed after the embassy boundary, the Royal Palace moved to the Beixinqiao South Boat Board Hutong. Shunzhi years built, successive generations of the King of the attack are this for the residence, Guangxu twenty-seventh year (1901) fell into the Japanese Embassy, only the walls. Its place is now the Beijing municipal government. Prince Su name Haoge, the eldest son of Emperor Huang taiji of the Qing dynasty, Emperor Chongde first year (1636) to the merit of Prince Su, is one of the early Qing dynasty founding eight Iron Hat King, because of the death of Emperor Taizong, had and dorgon to fight for the throne, when dorgon gained the power, doubly persecuted, shunzhi five years (1648) will be Haoge cut the title of imprisonment, death in prison, shunzhi emperor after the pro-administration, the restoration of the title of Prince Su, posthumously "Wu". Thereafter, Haug's descendants are to the Prince of Hinrichrichtung, to the forty-third year of Qianlong (1778) to restore the Prince of Su hereditary title.
Fifth, Prince Zheng House: Prince Zheng House is located in Xicheng District, Dagi Cang Hutong. Is the Qing dynasty founding father Jierhalang's residence. Jirhalang is the Qing Emperor Nurhachu third brother Shuerhaqi son, Shunzhi nine years (1652), the Prince of Zheng, is one of the famous early Qing dynasty "eight iron hat king". Wang Fu created in the Qing dynasty into the beginning of the Qing dynasty, the Qing dynasty princes and ministers of the mansion building, are customized, such as the base site is too high or more houses are illegal. Zheng Prince Jierhalang for building the Palace base over the system, and unauthorized use of bronze lions, turtles, cranes, in the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647) was impeached and dismissed after the fine. After the completion of the residence, the successive generations of the King of the repair or expansion, the most important is the eighth generation of the King of the expansion of the garden. The name of the garden is "Huiyuan", which is the best among the gardens of the royal residences in the capital. The thirteenth generation of Zheng Prince Duanhua and Prince Yi Zaiyuan and Sushun, etc. as "Gu Ming eight ministers", "Xin You coup" was given to self-immolation confiscation of property, Tongzhi ten years and sent back to have been reinstated to the Qingzhi, resumed for the Prince of Zheng House. After the Republic of China, first of all, the royal residence was mortgaged to the church in Xishiku, in 1925, leased to the University of China for the school site. Zheng Wang Fu sitting north to south, the original layout from east to west divided into 3 parts, the eastern front body is prominent, is the main hall of the royal residence; In the middle, the west probably with the street situation retreat several wu, in another courtyard and the western garden range. Existing buildings, only the eastern residue, there are street door, face 3 rooms; the front door face 5 rooms, the front out between the steps, relief carvings Dan ah still exist; the main hall face 5 rooms, between the steps also exists Dan ah; and exist in the east side of the building face 5 rooms, the west side of the building is only left by the north side of the face of the broad 3 rooms; the last for the main bedroom, face 5 rooms. When the Chinese University of use renamed Yixian Hall, is still used. The original rear building and some ancillary buildings were demolished, the western garden is now built another Erlong Road Middle School. Zheng Wangfu now for the National Education Commission site, for the Beijing municipal key cultural relics.
Sixth, Prince Zhuang House: Prince Zhuang House in the original West Fourth North Taiping warehouse, north until the hemp Scholar's Hutong. Taizong fifth son of Shuo Sai in the first year of Shunzhi was named Cheng Ze County King. Shunzhi eight years to merit promotion as Prince. Shuo Sai first son Bo Goduo in shunzhi twelve years (1655) attack Prince, renamed Zhuang. Since then are to Zhuang Prince inheritance. Prince Zhuang Zaixun had set up a boxing ring in the Royal Palace. The Eight-Power Allied Forces invaded his house was burned. 20 years, the Northern Warlord Li Chun and his brother Xin bought the Zhuang Wangfu, demolition of the Royal Palace building, built in this house, called Ping'anli. "Ping'anli" doorway brick carving preserved in the Xicheng District Cultural Relics Bureau. After the site was opened for the Ping'anli Street (merged into the West Street of Di'anmen). The site was divided into two areas north and south. Today, the Taiping warehouse west exit north of the road. For the former site of Prince Zhuang's residence.
Seven, Shuncheng County King's Mansion: Shuncheng County King's Mansion is located in Xicheng District, Zhao Dengyu Road, Taipingqiao Street, West. Now the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Shun Chenggong County King Luck Dehun, the great-grandson of the Qing Emperor, is the third son of Prince Li Dai Shan Ying Yi Prince Sakhalin second son. Chongde eight years (1643), because of brother Ying County King Adali embraced the Prince Rui case of tired, deposed out of the clan, sealed Baylor. The following year, to Pingnan General on behalf of DuoDuo to guard Jiangning, after the rate of divisions to fight for Hunan and Guangdong, outstanding achievements, Shunzhi five years (1648) promoted to Shuncheng County King. Became the founding of the Qing dynasty "eight iron hat king" one. Soon after the army of Hunan, attacking Guangxi. Returned to take charge of the Ministry of Justice. Shunzhi nine years (1652) died at the age of 34. Kangxi posthumously Gonghui. By his four sons inherited Shun Cheng County King. In the early Qing Dynasty, among the eight kings of the hat, only the site of his residence did not change, the residence number did not change. The Qianlong capital city map" draws the house square, east from the Taipingqiao street, west to jinshifang street, south from the present huajia hutong, stay a little north of the title hutong, north to hemp line hutong. The House area is not very large, but the layout is neat. Mansion layout from the outer wall within three roads, the middle road is the main building, and other Wang Fu form system, is also the former Palace after the bed, there is the main door (Palace door), the main hall and both sides of the wing, after the Palace, after the bed (the original after the building is now nonexistent). East and West for the living quarters. When Zhang Zuolin entered Beijing, he occupied the Royal Palace as the Marshal's residence, and after 1949, it was the office of the permanent organization of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. The CPPCC Auditorium was built outside the main gate of the Royal Mansion, and the main buildings on the middle road are basically intact. East Road before and after several layers of the courtyard is still preserved the original pattern. 1984 as Beijing key cultural relics.
Eight, Keqin County King's House: Keqin County King's House (diffraction Xi County King's House, Ping County King's House) Keqin County King's House is located in Xicheng District, New Culture Street (the former stone extra horse harnessed by the side of a team of horse harnessed by the side of a team of the street) north of the west entrance. Keqin County King is the eldest son of Prince Li Dai Shan. Keqin County King is posthumously, for the early Qing dynasty "eight iron hat king" one. This house was built during the shunzhi years. The original covers an area of small, the layout and the king's house regulations are still in line. House road south shadow wall still exists, the front part of the House only exists in the east wing building. The rear of the inner door, after the bed and the east and west rooms, after the house are preserved intact. The western courtyard also survives most of the original buildings. After the Republic of China, the last generation of the Manson House sold to Xiong Xiling as a residence, now after the bed two corner of the wall on the corner of the pillar stone still exists Xiong Xiling and Mrs. Zhu Qihui will be the property of the Beijing Relief Society of the content of the carving. Beijing for the key protection of cultural relics.
The above six princely mansions and two county princely mansions, that is, "eight", are "hereditary". In the Qing dynasty, the general hereditary titles are inherited at a lower level, such as the Prince's son of the County King, the County King's son of the Baylor." Hereditary recklessness" is limited to be considered "special merit", such as the early Qing dynasty to participate in the "founding" war of the eight iron hat king. There are also four royal family is also hereditary, but gave a later date. They are:
One, Prince Yi's House: in the Chaonei Street Road, north of the Science Press.
Located in Chaoyangmennei Street, No. 137, was originally Baylor Yun Qi's residence. The original Prince Yi Yunxiang's royal residence in the East single handsome garden, Yongzheng eight years (1730) after the death of Yunxiang, the old residence into Xianliang Temple, another will be here in the residence to the second generation of Prince Yi Hong Xiao. Xianfeng eleven years (1861) inherited the title of the sixth generation of Prince Yi Zaiyuan was convicted, the Royal Palace was recovered, Tongzhi three years (1864), and will be given to the House of the Daoguang Emperor's ninth son, Fu County King Yijian. Yijian in the Tongzhi eleven years (1872) was promoted to the Prince of Fu, because of its ranking in the ninth, so the House is also commonly known as the "nine masters of the House", the old Cheng Beilei Yun Qi House." This House is now a national key cultural relics protection units.
The layout of the Royal Palace is divided into east, in the west, three roads, including the best preserved in the middle of the road, the west road is also basically preserved the original main building, the east road is more serious damage, the remaining buildings have been little.
The middle road is the core of the Royal Palace, **** there are five courtyards, the length of the central axis of more than two hundred meters, the scale of spacious, imposing. The southernmost for the outer door, the face of five, in the opening of a door (the original in the opening of the three doors), only in the major ceremonies will be three doors open at the same time, the use of hard roofs, covered with gray tiles, with a ridge, kissing beasts and pendant beasts. East and west of the courtyard has a corner room each sixteen, at the same time east and west each set up five "As door", for the usual access to the east and west road courtyard used; door north of each box room ten. The gate is five, in the middle of a door, after three swallow corridor, hiatus roof building, the top of the ridge with the animal pieces, covered with green glazed tiles, the eaves with five treading heavy post, the door in front of the left and right set up stone lions each one; Door east and west of the corner room with six rooms. Into the door for the second courtyard, built in the hall of seven, before and after the corridor of hysterical roof, covered with green glazed tiles, with seven under the eaves of a single arch with a heavy arch, in front of the hall out of the platform; hall east and west of each of the seven wings and nine compartments. Between the main hall and the two doors for the third courtyard, relatively long and narrow. Two door five, before and after the corridor hysterical roof, covered with green glazed tiles, the eaves with five tread heavy arch; door around each with Shunshan room five. The two doors of the north for the area after the bedchamber, the center of the bedchamber seven rooms, before and after the corridor hiatus roof, covered with green glazed tiles, the eaves with five treading heavy arch, the temple out in front of the platform; the temple around the Shunshan room of three, east and west side of the temple of each of the five rooms. After the bedchamber for the last courtyard, there are seven rear photo building, with front porch, gray tile hard mountain roof, both sides of the corner room of seven rooms.
The front part of the west road has been remodeled, not pattern, only a few scattered buildings scattered among them. The back of the compound is mostly still alive. The original main gate of three, east and west with inverted seat room seven, now the gate and the west side of the inverted seat room has been lost, only the east side of the seven inverted seat room still exists. Gate north of the hanging flower door and porch were demolished, the original site of a new building. Then north of the four courtyards basically remain intact. The first courtyard has the main hall five rooms, before and after the porch hysterical roof, the left and right hall each three rooms. The second courtyard five rooms, before and after the corridor hard roof; courtyard east and west rooms each of five rooms. The third courtyard five rooms, hard roof, with front porch, left and right each Shunshan room five; this into the courtyard east and west sides each have a small courtyard, each with the north room three. The fourth courtyard of five rooms, east and west have Shunshan room seven and six rooms. These four courtyards are connected by a corridor, small scale, compact layout, the spatial form of the courtyard is also different, quite varied.
The original pattern of the East Road has been lost, the center of the remaining three rooms around the corridor of the Xuan Hall, it is known that this was originally the garden of the royal family. The north side of the east road preserves a courtyard, quite exquisite, with five rooms in the south, three rooms in the main room, three rooms in each of the east and west rooms, surrounded by corridors in the courtyard.
The layout of this House can be called the most typical format of the Qing dynasty royal residence, namely, three axes, four parts - the central axis for the ceremonial space, the western axis for the residence living space, the eastern axis for the Xuan Hall leisure space; service rooms are placed in front of the two sides of the axis. In short, the layout of the Royal Palace rigorous regularity, construction, halls, houses level distinct, more building types, rich spatial changes. At the same time, the plan of the Fu Wang Fu and the provisions of the Qing dynasty canon, and with the Qianlong "capital city map" on the Prince Yi House roughly coincides with the layout still maintains the original appearance of the middle of the Qing dynasty, for the study of the Qing dynasty Wang Fu building valuable examples. Now, the middle road of the Royal Palace is mainly used as the office of the unit, and the east and west roads are residential houses.
Two, Prince Qing House: Prince Qing House Xicheng District, Dingfu Street, No. 3. In the late Qing Dynasty, Prince Qing was reappointed Prince Yikuang of the King. In the first year of Xianfeng (1851), Yikuang moved to the former university scholar Qishan's mansion on Dingfu Street. Xianfeng years Yikuang from the auxiliary general and Prince, and Baylor, Guangxu ten years to promote Qing County King, twenty years to promote the Prince of Qing, twenty-four years sealed hereditary reckless Prince. After the 1911 Revolution, Yikuang fled Tianjin British Concession in 1912 as an apartment, died in 1918. King Qing's residence when in the Guangxu ten years (1884) after the promotion of Qing County King according to the King's residence regulations remodeling, began to call the King's residence. Wang Fu building is divided into 3 major parts. The center is the main hall, now only remaining after the bed 1. The east has also been remodeled. Now only the west is still basically intact. The west is the living quarters of the royal residence, there are three groups of side-by-side courtyards. The original halls have names, hanging plaques. The last is a two-story building, commonly known as the dresser or embroidery building, there are now three groups of courtyards, each with a gate access, after 1949, the Beijing-Tianjin Garrison Command set up this, for the Beijing Municipal key protected cultural relics.
Three, Prince Mansion: there are two places, one is the West Side of Taiping Lake, the other is the north coast of Houhai
Prince Mansion is located in the north coast of Houhai. Formerly known as the early Qing dynasty university scholar Mingzhu's mansion. In the 54th year of Qianlong, his eleventh son, Shui Li, was appointed as the Prince of Cheng, and the Mingzhu Mansion was given to Yongli. It was then remodeled according to the rules of the royal residence. When this mansion was passed to Yuxiao, it was given to Yixuan, the Prince of醇(醇亲王). Yixuan's original royal residence was in Taipinghu Dongli, Xicheng District (now the Central Conservatory of Music). Because Emperor Guangxu was born in this mansion, it became a submerged mail, so after Guangxu succeeded to the throne, King Alcohol had to move out. In order to distinguish, the original king of alcohol in Taiping Lake, the royal residence called South House, the new royal residence along the north of the Houhai called North House. North Mansion facing south. The west is the royal garden, which was remodeled after 1949 and was the residence of Song Qingling in Beijing (see Song Qingling's Former Residence). To the east is the Royal Mansion itself, which is divided into East, Middle and West Roads. The middle road is its main building, running from south to north, with five street gates. After entering the outer courtyard there is a second gate, this gate is the main gate of the Royal Mansion, with a face of 5 rooms. Thereafter, the main hall Yin'an Hall, the face of the five rooms, east and west have a building each 5 rooms. After the main hall is a group of self-composed courtyard houses, from the 3 rooms into the hall, the front is the main room 5 rooms and their rooms, according to the rules here should be after the bedchamber. Lastly, there is the back cover building with a width of 9 rooms, where various ceremonies are held during the festivals. The back bedroom became a shrine for enshrining God, Buddha, and distant ancestors. The buildings on the east road are mainly the family word and Buddha Hall and some subordinate buildings. The courtyards outside the east wall are the King's House and Horse Horn. West Road has two groups of courtyards side by side, is the center of the activities of the alcohol King's House. The main building is the Bao Han Hall, the Great Study. Behind the courtyards, the main hall is called Jiusi Hall, which is the residence of Taiji, and then Siqian Hall, which is the residence of the Princess. In addition, there is a small study room for children to study, Renzhen Hall, and other subordinate buildings. Beifu is one of the best-preserved royal residences in the city. It is one of the key cultural relics under the protection of Beijing Municipality. South Mansion is located in Xicheng District, Taipinghu Dongli, formerly Prince Rong residence. Prince Rong Yongqi is the fifth son of Emperor Gaozong, Qianlong thirty years (1765) Prince Rong. Daoguang thirty years (1850) sealed Xuanzong seventh son of Yixuan for alcohol County King. Xianfeng nine years (1864) divided the Palace, living in Taiping Lake. Tongzhi eleven years (1872) to Prince alcohol. House called Prince醇府. Commonly known as the seven masters House. House sitting north to south, divided into the middle and east, west and garden. Now in the middle of the House door 3, on both sides of the eight shadow wall, there are two doors to the east and west to the east and west courtyard. Middle Road, a new auditorium, still preserving the two quadrangle. East Road courtyard better preserved, West Road, most of the ancient buildings demolished. Now occupied by the Central Conservatory of Music. Xicheng District for the protection of cultural relics. Tongzhi thirteen years (1874) Tongzhi Emperor Zaichun died, Yino's second son Zaihui heir to the throne, the year number Guangxu. Therefore, the fourteenth year of Guangxu (1889), the Prince of alcohol moved to the North House. After the death of Yixuan, the front part of Prince Alcohol's Mansion at Taiping Lake was converted into Prince Alcohol's Shrine, and the back part was still used as "Qianlong Residence". Yongxing, famous for his calligraphy, together with Weng Fanggang, Tiebao and Liu Yong, known as the Four Great Masters. Mingzhu (1635-1708), a favorite minister of Kangxi, was a university scholar at the Wuying Hall, and was later deposed. His son, Nalan Seide, was a famous poet in Qing Dynasty, and was the object of attention of experts in the study of Red Dream House. Yixuan (1840-1891), the seventh son of Daoguang, the father of Guangxu. In the 11th year of the Tongzhi reign (1872), he was crowned Prince of醇(醇亲王). Carry quenching (1883-1951) Yixuan son, Guangxu sixteen years attacked the Prince of alcohol. He was the father of Emperor Xuantong.
Four, Prince Gong Palace: there are two, one in the Iron Lion Hutong, the other in the Qianhai West Street No. 17, is currently the largest and best-protected one of the Royal Palace. After the restoration has been partially opened to the public.
In addition to the above royal residence, there are still some of the appearance of the temple in Beijing is still good, there is still a certain scale of the royal residence. As well as many of the current name but no building or still part of the site, the remains of the royal residence. Qing dynasty royal palace construction pattern in the "Qing dynasty canon" has a clear stipulation. Beijing's royal residence are generally sitting in the north-south, east and west road can be freely configured, the middle of the road is the same, the main door (also known as the palace door), the wall, the main hall, the back of the hall, the shrine, the back of the building, the family temple and so on.