First, the cultural background is rich.
As one of the seven ancient capitals, Hangzhou has accumulated thousands of years of history and culture, and nurtured brilliant Liangzhu culture, Wuyue culture and Southern Song culture. At present, there are more than 10 national key cultural relics protection units, 57 provincial cultural relics protection units, including Yuefei Tomb, Feilaifeng Statue, Pagoda of Six Harmonies, Baita, Huqingyutang, Liangzhu Cultural Museum, etc. There are also a large number of places of interest, and there are 706 scenic spots in the West Lake alone. In addition, the renovation of traditional blocks such as He Fang Street has greatly enriched the connotation of tourism culture in Hangzhou.
Second, the natural environment is beautiful.
Hangzhou has beautiful lakes and mountains and magnificent rivers. The West Lake is surrounded by mountains on three sides and close to the urban area in the east. The mountains are not high and graceful, and the water is not wide, forming the beautiful scenery of "Yunshan on three sides and a city on one side". At the same time, Qian Jiangchao is well-known, and the ancient canal passes through the city, so nature and man-made are integrated. At present, Hangzhou has newly added green space 15 1000 square meters, urban landscaping area of 5,828 hectares, public green space area of 8.42 million square meters, green coverage rate of built-up area of 33.5%, urban per capita green space area of 6.02 square meters, and equivalent sound level of environmental noise of 57.9 decibels, making it one of the "Top Ten Cities" for comprehensive environmental improvement.
Third, there are many landscapes along the way.
With the continuous restoration and expansion of tourist attractions in Hangzhou, the arrival of the era of "combining Chinese and Western" (West Lake and Xixi) and the gradual improvement of the construction of "Three Rivers Dancing" (West Lake, Canal and Qiantang River), Hangzhou's tourism resources have been greatly enriched. In addition, the scenic spots around Hangzhou, Fuyang, Tonglu, Jiande, Chun 'an and Lin 'an on the "Three Rivers, Two Lakes and One Mountain" golden tourism line have very distinctive ecological characteristics, and picturesque scenic spots such as jade are embedded around the West Lake.
Fourth, there are many places for leisure.
There are many mass entertainment activities in Hangzhou, including Wulin Square, Wu Shan Cultural Square and Children's Palace Square, and nearly 50 large-scale activities are held every year. At present, there are 15 cultural centers and art groups, 8 public libraries 10, 8 museums, 7 theaters 17, and 9 art performance groups 19 (including the renowned Xiaobaihuayue Troupe at home and abroad). There are 1530 medical institutions in Hangzhou, among which the first hospital of Zhejiang Medical University, the second hospital of Zhejiang Medical University, Run Run Run Run Shaw Hospital and other provincial hospitals and the first and second municipal hospitals have reached the leading medical level in China.
Fifth, tourism is popular.
The favorable weather, geographical location, human and other conditions have attracted guests from all over the country to visit Hangzhou. According to statistics, the proportion of tourism in Hangzhou's GDP has reached 15.2%. There are 50 foreign-related star-rated hotels/kloc-0 and more than 7000 guest rooms/kloc-0. Including small hotels, the highest room utilization rate can reach 6.5438+0.6 million beds. In addition, the development and construction of Zhijiang National Tourism Resort, with a total area of nearly 10 square kilometers, has also begun to take shape. "Eco-tourism" launched by surrounding counties and cities has become a new tourism hotspot, and Hangzhou tourism is facing a new situation of connecting the past with the future.
It is fascinating to mention the West Lake in Hangzhou. People often say: there is heaven in the world and Suzhou and Hangzhou in the world. In fact, comparing Hangzhou to a "paradise on earth" is largely due to the West Lake. Hangzhou is famous for its lake, and it thrives on it. West Lake is the "golden business card" of Hangzhou. The graceful West Lake Mountain is neither high nor graceful, and the water is neither wide nor separated. Someone once compared West Lake in Hangzhou and Lemmon Lake in Geneva, Switzerland to two pearls in the world. It is the West Lake that makes Hangzhou "the most beautiful and luxurious city in the world".
West Lake is located in the west of Hangzhou, surrounded by mountains on three sides and close to the urban area on the east. The catchment area of the West Lake is 2 1.22 square kilometers, the lake area is 6.38 square kilometers, and the water storage capacity is nearly1.4000 cubic meters. The average water depth is 2.27 meters, the deepest is 5 meters and the shallowest is less than 1 meter. The waters of the West Lake are divided into five interconnected lakes, namely Waihu, Xili Lake, Beili Lake, Xiaonan Lake and Yuehu Lake. In 2003, the water surface area of the West Lake was about 0.7 square kilometers, including four blocks: Jinsha Port, Maojiabu, Wuguitan and Yuhuwan. 1982165438+1On October 8th, the State Council listed the West Lake as one of the first national key scenic spots. From 65438 to 0985, Hangzhou West Lake ranked second only to Wan Li Great Wall and Guilin landscape in the "Top Ten Scenic Spots in China". Ranked third.
The West Lake was a shallow bay connected with Qiantang River before 12000. Wu Shan and Baoshi Mountain, which stand in the north and south of the West Lake, are two headlands around this bay. Later, due to the influence of tides, sediment deposition separated the bay from the Qiantang River. The shape of the West Lake was basically shaped in the Western Han Dynasty, and it was not formally formed until the Sui Dynasty. Geologically, this lake evolved from a shallow bay is called a lagoon. Since then, the West Lake has been dredged by Bai Juyi, Qian Liu, Su Dongpo, Yang, Ruan Yuan and others, and finally became a semi-closed shallow scenic lake.
West Lake has many names in history. In the Han Dynasty, it was called Wulin Water, Jinniu Lake and Ming Sheng Lake. Hanshi Lake and Qiantang Lake were called in the Tang Dynasty. In addition, there are names such as Gaoshi Lake, Sage Lake, Shang Hu, Longchuan Lake and Ganyuan Lake. In the Northern Song Dynasty, when Su Dongpo was a local official in Hangzhou, he wrote a poem praising the West Lake, Drinking Rain on Lake Chuqing. The poem reads: "The water is bright and sunny, and the mountains are empty and rainy." If you want to compare the West Lake to the West Lake, it is always appropriate to wear light makeup and heavy makeup. The poet skillfully compared the West Lake to the ancient beauty stone in China, so the West Lake was nicknamed "Xizi Lake".
The West Lake is full of scenic spots. There are more than 40 major scenic spots and more than 30 key cultural relics in the nearly 60 square kilometers garden scenic area centered on the West Lake. In addition to the "Ten Scenes of Qiantang" and "Eighteen Scenes of West Lake" in history, the most famous ones are the "Ten Scenes of West Lake" named in the Southern Song Dynasty and the "Ten Scenes of New West Lake" named by 1985. There are also Lingyin Temple, Wang Yue Temple, Feilaifeng Grottoes Statues, Pagoda of Six Harmonies and other cultural relics, professional museums such as silk, tea, traditional Chinese medicine and official kilns in the Southern Song Dynasty and some celebrity memorial halls. 1982165438+1On October 8th, the State Council listed the West Lake as one of the first national key scenic spots.
The geographical structure of the West Lake is "Yunshan on three sides and a city on one side". Lakeside park, with the West Lake as the center and the east near the urban area; Nanfeng, Daci Mountain, Longjing Mountain, Nanping Mountain, Phoenix Mountain and other southwest peaks are collectively referred to as Nanshan; There are Lingyin Mountain, Beifeng Mountain Mountain and Baoshi Mountain in the north, collectively referred to as Beishan Mountain. These peaks are like the stars that arch the moon, holding up the pearl of the West Lake.
The West Lake Scenic Area can be divided into four tourist areas: the northern line, the southern line, the western line and the center of the lake.
The famous scenic spots and tourist spots in the northern line are: Wanghuta, Broken Bridge Canxue, Baoshishan, Geling, Baopu Park, Huanglong Cave, Yuefei Tomb Temple, Jiangnan Shiming Garden, Bamboo Su Yuan, Jade Belt Qinghong, Jinshagang Cultural Village, Hangzhou Botanical Garden, Yuquan, Lingfeng Tan Mei, Yun Song Bookstore, Jiuli Yun Song, Feilaifeng Grottoes Statues and Lingyin Temple.
The famous scenic spots and tourist spots on the southern line are: Wan Ting Riding and Shooting, Lu Cheng, Irene Strolling, West Lake Tiandi, Liulang Wenying, Yongjinchi, Jinniu Water Sculpture, Zhang Shun Statue, Yongjinlou, Qianwang Memorial Hall, Cuiguangge Royal Pier, Liu Songnian Library, Qingzhao Pavilion, Shuinan Banyin, Tang Yun Art Museum, Shuangtou Bridge, Zhuniang Hotel, Yuhuangshan and China Silk Museum. Xia Yan Sandong, Manjuelong, Longjing, Hangzhou Zoo, Tiger Running Spring, Pagoda of Six Harmonies, Qiantang River Bridge, Yun Qi Bamboo Trail, Jiuxi Eighteen Rivers, Song Cheng, Future World, etc.
The famous scenic spots and tourist spots on the West Line are: along Yang Gongdi, from north to south, covering an area of 4.8 square kilometers. There are seven scenic spots along the way: Quyuan Fenghe, Jinsha Port, Garden, Maojiabu, Wuguitan, Yugu Bay and Huagang for fish watching. If you look closely, you will find that Liu Zhuang and Guo Zhuang are still charming, Lanyuan has charming scenery, and Yannan stays in Shandong with homesickness. In addition, there are Huanbihu Mansion, Dike, Building, Garden, Maoxiang Ancient Road, Wufeng Caotang, Zhao Memorial Pavilion, Damailing Cliff Stone Carvings, Yuqian Ancestral Temple, Jade Quyuan Tomb, Zijiu Caotang, Wuzhuangyuan Square, Building, Fa, Songhe Mountain Villa, red oak Mountain Villa, Jingxing Ancient Bridge and Yujian Bridge.
It is a pleasure for tourists to visit the West Lake by boat. There is a lake (West Lake) in the lake; Two towers (Baokui Tower and Leifeng Tower); Three dikes (Su Causeway, Bai Causeway, Di Yang); Mishima (Zhou Xiaoying, Hu Xinting and Ruan Gongdun). It presents a unique landscape of "one lake reflecting the twin towers", "three dikes and Lingbi waves" and "three islands like Penglai". Since the opening of Yang Gongdi, Waixi Lake, Beili Lake, Xili Lake, Yuehu Lake, Nanhu Lake, Jinsha Port, Maojiabu, Wuguitan and Yuhu Bay have been connected together, recreating the "water park" 300 years ago and forming a complete water recreation network of the West Lake.
One lake refers to the West Lake. The waters of the West Lake are divided into five interconnected lakes by natural islands, isolated hills, dams and bridges. In order of size, it is Waihu, Xili Lake, Beili Lake, Xiaonanhu Lake and Yuehu Lake.
Waihu, located in the east and south of West Lake, covers an area of 4.43 square kilometers, accounting for about 4/5 of the whole lake. Water and sky meet here, and the view is wide. There are three islands, Zhou Xiaoying, Huxinting and Ruan Gongdun, which are artificially piled up in history and are the essence of sightseeing in the lake. Xili Lake covers an area of 0.745 square kilometers, bordering Su Causeway in the east and Yang Gongdi in the west. Rowing on the relatively calm water of the West Lake is fascinating. Beili Lake, with an area of 0.35 square kilometers, is connected to Baoshi Mountain and Geling Mountain in the north, Gushan Mountain in the southwest and Bai Causeway in the south. The mountain is a screen, the water reflects the mountain, the long embankment is a trace, the peach is red and the willow is green, and the ancient bridge is like a rainbow. Xiaonan Lake and Yuehu Lake are located in the south and north of Xili Lake respectively, with an area of less than 0. 1 km2. Although these two waters are relatively small, they are exquisite, elegant and distinctive. Around Hu Xiaonan, the beautiful charm of Nanping Mountain and Nanfeng Mountain is reflected in the water. The shore of Yuehu Lake is tortuous and changeable, surrounded by historic gardens, and the landscape is changeable.
The two pagodas are Leifeng Pagoda on the Guide Line and Baojiao Pagoda on the North Line of West Lake.
Baokui Tower was formerly called Yingtian Tower and Baosota Tower. Legend has it that it was built in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty to protect Qian Hongchu, King of Wu Yue, who was called to Beijing, from returning safely. At that time, it was a 9-level brick-wood structure, and you could climb the tower and overlook it. After the reconstruction in the late Ming Dynasty, it became a brick solid tower with a tall and graceful body, and has since enjoyed the reputation of "beauty" on the lake. 1933 Rebuild Baojiao Building, with a height of 45.3 meters, a small tower foundation and gentle lines. The treatment of building volume makes good use of scale ratio, highlighting the characteristics of high, straight, slow and high. Located near the center of Hangzhou, the tower has become a landmark building in Hangzhou.
Leifeng Pagoda is located on the south bank of West Lake. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Leifeng sunset was one of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, Leifeng Tower was destroyed by fire, leaving only a brick tower body, as red as a drunk's face. On the other side of the West Lake, the graceful Baokui Tower on Baoshi Mountain is called "protecting yourself like a beauty and Lei Feng like an old woman." 1September, 924, the remains of Leifeng Tower collapsed. At the end of the 20th century, the Leifeng Tower in the Millennium Scenic Area was rebuilt and completed on September 25th, 2002. The new building of Leifeng Pagoda is 7 1.679 meters high, with five floors and eight sides, and the scenery is magnificent.
Three dikes refer to Su Causeway, Bai Causeway and Yang Gongdi. Su Causeway, with a total length of 2,800 meters, starts from the foothills of Nanping Mountain on the south bank of West Lake and ends at Qixia Mountain on the north bank. Su Dongpo in the Northern Song Dynasty was built with silt from dredged lakes. In the Southern Song Dynasty, there were a large number of pavilions, carved beams and painted buildings on the embankment, where the imperial court and folk artists performed acrobatics. In March and April, the spring breeze blows, the willows on the embankment are green and the peaches are burning. From south to north along the embankment, there are six stone arch bridges: Yingbo, Suolan, Wangshan, Dike, Dongpu and Guohong. From the Southern Song Dynasty until today, Su Causeway, Xiao Chun has been ranked first among the ten scenic spots in the West Lake.
Bai Causeway, with a broken bridge in the east and a solitary mountain in the west, is 987 meters long and 33 meters wide. It is the oldest ancient dike on the West Lake. It was built in the Tang Dynasty at the latest and belonged to Gushan Road in the Southern Song Dynasty. In the late Ming Dynasty, it was also called Ten Brocade Hall. When Bai Juyi was the governor of Hangzhou, he built a lake embankment in the West Lake. In his poems about the West Lake, there are famous sentences such as "I love the lack of eastward travel of the lake, and the white sand embankment under the green sun". Therefore, this ancient dike has been commonly known as Bai Causeway since the Qing Dynasty.
Yang Gongdi starts from Qixia Ridge, bypasses Dingjiashan and reaches Nanshan. In the third year of Ming Dynasty (1508), Yang, then the magistrate of Hangzhou, dredged the West Lake and built a long dike at the foot of the West Lake with the silt in the lake. Later generations named Yang Gongdi to commemorate his achievements in opening the West Lake. There are also six bridges on the embankment, commonly known as "Li Liuqiao", which are named as Huanbi, Wolong, Jingxing and Jingxing from north to south. It echoes the Sixth Su Causeway Bridge in the west, and is collectively called "Twelve Bridges of West Lake". After the Qing Dynasty, Li Lake gradually silted up, Tian Sang expanded, and Di Yang was abandoned. 1947, Xishan Road was built on the former site of Di Yang. June, 5438+February, 2002, the "West Lake Westward" project started, and Yang Gongdi resumed.
The three islands refer to Santan Yin Yue (namely Zhou Xiaoying), Hu Xinting and Ruan Gongdun. Yin Yue in Santan is one of the "Ten Scenes of West Lake", the surrounding wall of Ruandun is rated as one of the "Ten Scenes of New West Lake", and overlooking the lake center is one of the "Ten Scenes of Qiantang". Hu Xinting is the earliest of the three islands. It was built in the 31st year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1552). It has a two-story appearance, cornices and golden glazed tile roof, which looks magnificent and simple. In front of the pavilion, there is a stone tablet inscribed by Emperor Qianlong, which means that the wind (wind) here is boundless. Being in a pavilion in the middle of the lake is really like being in a paradise.
"There are thirty-six West Lakes in the world, and Hangzhou is the first". Come to Hangzhou and visit the West Lake, which will take you into a picturesque paradise on earth.
Ten Views of the West Lake
Su Causeway Xiao Chun * Quyuan Wind Lotus * Pinghu Autumn Moon * Broken Bridge Canxue * Huagang Fish Watching * Liulang Wenying * Santan silver moon * Twin Peaks Inserting Clouds * Nanping Evening Bell * Leifeng Sunset.
New Ten Scenes of West Lake
Yun Qi Bamboo Trail * Full of Gui Long Rain * Tiger Running Mooncherry * Longjing Tea * Jiuxi Smoke Tree * Wushan Tianfeng * Soft Shield Huanbi * Huanglong Cui Tu * Jade Emperor Feiyun * Gem Flowing Xia.
Yukio Mishima
Zhou Xiaoying Santan Yin Yue: Zhou Xiaoying is the largest island in the West Lake, built in 1607. It is characterized by "there is an island in the lake and a lake in the island". Three two-meter-high stone pagodas at the southern tip of Zhou Xiaoying were built in 162 1, imitating Su Dongpo's original three pagodas. There are five round holes on each tower, in which the moonlight lamp is placed, which complements the true moon in the water, hence the name "Three Tans Printing the Moon".
Ruan Gong Dun Ruan Gong Dun Huanbi: Ruan Gong Dun was built by Ruan Yuan, Governor of Zhejiang Province in Qing Dynasty, dredging the West Lake in 1809, hence the name. It is the smallest of the three islands. There are night tours in Ruan Gongdun and Bizhuang in summer.
It can be reached by cruise, 8: 00- 17: 00.
Hu Xinting: It is the earliest of the three islands in the West Lake. The lake pavilion on the island was built at 1552. In front of the pavilion, Emperor Qingganlong wrote the "Insect II" stone tablet in calligraphy, which means "the moon is boundless" here.
Sandy
Xiao Chun, Su Causeway, Su Causeway: The Su Causeway is 2.8km long, which was dredged by Su Dongpo in the Northern Song Dynasty when he was the governor of Hangzhou on 1089, and then accumulated with lake mud. "West Lake Six Suspension Bridges, Willow and Peach Blossoms" refers to Su Causeway in spring.
You can take bus Y2, Y9 and 4 to get there.
Broken Bridge in Bai Causeway: Bai Causeway is the oldest ancient dike on the West Lake. When Bai Juyi (772-846) was the magistrate of Hangzhou, he built a levee on the West Lake. Later generations remembered him and called this ancient dike Bai (Gong) dike. Broken Bridge, located at the eastern end of Bai Causeway, is the beginning of the touching love story between White Snake and Xu Xian.
You can take buses Y 1, Y9 and 27 to get there.
Yang Gongdi: Yang Gongdi is 3328 meters long. It turned out that in the third year of Ming Dynasty (1508), Hangzhou Zhifu Yang dredged the West Lake and built it with mud in the lake. It was rebuilt in 2003.
You can take buses Y 1, Y9 and 27 to get there.
Leifeng Tower Leifeng Sunset:
Leifeng Pagoda was built in 977 AD. It was originally built by Qian Hongshu, King of Wu Yue, to celebrate the birth of the imperial concubine. Originally the Guifei Tower, the hill where the tower is located is called "Leifeng Tower" and later renamed Leifeng Tower. As the sun sets, the tower shadows across the sky, resplendent and magnificent, hence the name "Leifeng Sunset". Because it collapsed at 1924, the current tower was rebuilt on the original site in 2000, with a height of 7 1.96 meters. The tower floor is the exhibition hall of Leifeng Tower site.
Wang Yue Temple (Moon Powder):
It was built in 122 1 to commemorate Yue Fei, a patriotic famous soldier in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are Martyrs' Temple, Zhong Qi Temple and Yuefei Tomb. The horizontal plaque hanging above the statue of Yue Fei in the Martyrs' Temple is Yue Fei's handwriting.