2. In terms of design and technical characteristics, passenger cars are mainly used to carry passengers, their carry-on luggage and/or temporary articles, including the driver's seat, with a maximum of 9 seats.
third, the engine is the power device of the automobile, which is composed of two mechanisms and five systems: crank-connecting rod mechanism, valve train, cooling system, fuel supply system, lubrication system, ignition system and starting system, but the diesel engine has one less ignition system than the gasoline engine.
1. cooling system: generally composed of water tank, water pump, radiator, fan, thermostat, water thermometer and water drain switch. Automobile engines adopt two cooling methods, namely air cooling and water cooling. Generally, automobile engines are mostly cooled by water.
2. lubrication system: the engine lubrication system consists of an oil pump, a strainer, an oil filter, an oil passage, a pressure limiting valve, an oil gauge, a pressure sensitive plug and a dipstick.
3. Fuel supply system:
The fuel system of a gasoline engine includes a gasoline tank, a gasoline meter, a gasoline pipe, a gasoline filter, a gasoline pump, a carburetor and an air filter. The fuel system of diesel engine includes main components such as fuel injection pump, fuel injector and governor, and auxiliary devices such as diesel tank, fuel transfer pump, oil-water separator, diesel filter, fuel injection advance device and high and low pressure oil pipes.
4. Starting system: starter, battery, etc.
5. ignition system: spark plug, high-voltage wire, high-voltage coil, distributor, ignition switch, etc.
6. Crank-connecting rod mechanism: connecting rod, crankshaft, bearing bush, flywheel, piston, piston ring, piston pin, crankshaft oil seal, etc.
7. Valve train: cylinder head, valve cover camshaft, valve intake manifold, exhaust manifold, air filter, muffler, three-way catalytic supercharger, etc.
4. The braking system of automobile can be divided into hand braking system, dynamic braking system and servo braking system. The braking system with the driver's body as the only braking energy source is called hand braking system; A system that brakes completely by the potential energy in the form of air pressure or hydraulic pressure converted from the power of the engine is called a dynamic braking system.
5. The electrical equipment of an automobile consists of two parts: power supply and electrical equipment. The power supply includes storage battery and generator; Electrical equipment includes the starting system of the engine, the ignition system of the gasoline engine and other electrical devices.
VI. Torque of the engine refers to the torque output by the engine from the crankshaft end. Under the condition of fixed power, it is inversely proportional to the engine speed. The faster the engine speed, the smaller the torque, and vice versa, which reflects the load capacity of the car in a certain range.
7. The function of the starter of an automobile is to convert electric energy into mechanical energy, drive the crankshaft to rotate and start the engine. When using the starter, it should be noted that the starting time should not exceed 5 seconds each time, the interval between each use should not be less than 1-15 seconds, and it should not be used for more than 3 times continuously.