At present, many greening projects, out of special time limit needs, greening to break the seasonal restrictions, to overcome the adverse conditions, non-normal seasonal construction. In this project is the construction, in order to make the quality of this project to achieve excellent, the construction party in the construction needs to continue to study and summarize the non-normal seasonal construction process, so as to effectively improve the survival rate of non-normal seasonal greening construction, to ensure that the economic benefits and social benefits.1. The meaning of anti-seasonal planting anti-seasonal planting, that is, in the season is not suitable for the greening of the seedling planting. Seedling survival rate is low, the form of slow rejuvenation, construction, maintenance of the difficult characteristics of greening construction. Landscaping construction is mainly a garden plant allotment process, planting the internal conditions of survival is mainly a balance of growth potential, planting the biggest reason for dying is that the plant roots absorb water, nutrients and plants due to the growth of stems and leaves transpiration, water and nutrients needed for a long period of time due to the imbalance of income and expenditure.2. 2. The conditions of the anti-seasonal planting of Tianjin belongs to the warm-temperate zone continental monsoon climate, on the whole, not much precipitation annually. The climate is relatively dry. The summer heat period is longer, the rain and heat coincide, the precipitation is more concentrated, and the winter is colder. Planting trees in the appropriate season, but also due to the different species and different, a variety of trees in addition to the same physiological characteristics of ****, but also have its own characteristics. Some trees are suitable for both late fall and early spring, such as cedar, maple, maple, etc.; some trees are suitable for late fall, such as white pine, acacia, etc.; many years of tree-planting experience shows that, in general, some species of trees in the germination of the plant before better, but some trees in the germination of the planting of better, such as acacia, Sapium sebiferum, sequoia, etc.; if planted late in the survival of the tree will not be too great an influence, such as adaptability of the tree species, poplar, Willow, shallow rooted, fibrous roots of flowering shrubs, such as lilac, forsythia, etc. 3. anti-seasonal planting technology general green construction is carried out in the spring and autumn seasons, and in some special circumstances, in order to catch up with the schedule and see the green effect as soon as possible, it is required to break the seasonal limitations of the construction, mainly in the summer and winter seasons, in order to ensure that the survival rate of seedling planting should be carried out from the following aspects: (1) planting the former soil (1) Tianjin Binhai New Area, such as Tanggu, Dagang, Hangu and other areas, due to the coast, most of the soil for saline soil, it will be necessary to do the underground salt treatment, after doing the underground salt works, and then backfill planting soil that meets the requirements. Seedling planting soil in non-normal season must ensure sufficient thickness, ensure fertile soil, good permeability and drainage. Before planting or sowing, the physical and chemical properties of the soil of the place should be analyzed by laboratory tests, and corresponding measures such as disinfection, fertilization and guest soil should be taken.2) Introducing planting soilIf the soil of the planting place contains construction waste soil and other hazardous components, or belongs to strong acid, strong alkaline soil, salty soil, saline soil, clay soil, sandy soil and so on, the planting soil should be introduced according to the design regulations or technical measures for soil improvement should be taken.3) According to the design requirements Constructing terrain for lawn planting land, flower provisions, seeding land should be sufficient base fertilizer, tilling 25~30cm, raking, removing debris, leveling and slope should meet the design requirements. (2) Seedling selection counter-season planting of seedlings with larger specifications in the appropriate season with soil ball digging good, and appropriate amount of pruning of the crown, can be used in wooden boxes, masonry bricks, woven bags, such as half-buried in the ground, high cultivated soil, normal management, need to be planted when the seedling root system basically uninjured, the crown can be not pruned to maintain the original shape, can achieve some temporary special requirements. The roots and stems of aquatic plants should be well developed, and the plants should be robust and free of pests and diseases. For large-size seedlings without advance excavation, greening project construction and urgent need for planting, seedlings should be done in advance to break the roots of the treatment, the full package of mulch and watering, 15-20 days after the soil ball has newborn roots, and then lifting, transplanting, and strengthen the management measures, transplanting the shape of the seedlings, the growth potential of the seedlings are better. (3) pruning before transportation in order to reduce the transpiration of the canopy, before transportation, i.e., before starting the seedling seedlings for coarse pruning. Generally to reduce all the branches and leaves of 1/3 to 1/2, while cutting off dead branches and pest damage branches, do not cut off the top of the trees with obvious apical dominance. In addition, the roots of bare-root seedlings should only be shortened to cut the main root that is not required to be rooted, and promote the development of fibrous roots. Plants in the nursery before transportation, should first be thinning and leaf removal, cuts need to be smooth, larger wounds to be applied with wound healing agent to prevent infection. (4) transportation if the seedlings long-distance transportation, bare root seedlings should be root dipped in mud treatment, and then wrapped with wet grass. Large trees in the car to crown to the rear of the car tilted placed, and in the tree and the car gang contact, lined with soft materials to prevent abrasion of the bark. The transportation of seedlings should choose a trellis, can shade the vehicle to block the wind. Large seedlings should be loaded in front of the root after the trunk, arranged in order. Seedlings require upright device, playing a single package, the middle of a compartment, layered device, such as transportation time more than 4 hours, should be prepared to cool the package, and on the way to take measures such as water spraying humidification. (5) planting planting before root pruning of seedlings, split roots, diseased and insect roots, overgrown roots cut, and pruning of the crown, to maintain the balance of the tree above ground and below ground. Before the seedlings are transported, the ground should be prepared beforehand, the tree pit dug, preferably with the arrival of the planting, it is too late to plant the seedlings, but also in time to fake planting, shade treatment. Planting pit should be larger than conventional, in the bottom of the pit first backfill with good soil with base fertilizer. Plants should be planted before dipping the hole with 1~3% disinfectant solution and 5~8% rooting agent respectively. Water should be poured as it is planted, watered thoroughly, and the seedlings should be supported once right after watering. According to the chest diameter of the seedlings, to determine the specification of the soil ball of the seedlings, the planting hole should be enlarged and deepened (usually about 30cm larger than the soil ball), and make a good soakaway layer, to ensure that in the high temperature period of repeated watering, moisturizing, and not waterlogged.4. Planting and maintenance management (1) Maintenance 1) as soon as possible after planting, watering to promote the emergence of new roots, but also can be instilled with a certain concentration of growth hormone. Crown foliage with shade net appropriate shade for 10 to 15 days, and spray the foliage with a sprayer. 2) In areas with dry soil, you can use water retaining agent in planting, which can absorb more than its own volume of l0 times or even hundreds of times the water, will be stored, and then slowly released with the changes in the surrounding environment, to meet the plant growth process of the water required. 3) easy to sunburn areas, should be wrapped in a rope of grass dry, and spray water on the grass rope appropriately. (2) Management of anti-seasonal construction management, the important link is watering, usually to follow the "three water" to determine the survival. The number of times of watering should be more than the normal planting of trees, and the branches and leaves should be shortened to different degrees according to different varieties. Inhibit germination and reduce foliar evaporation by spraying with germination and evaporation inhibitors. Rooting promoter can be mixed with water to promote rooting. For old trees, large valuable trees or trees that are not growing very well, it is best to do root breaks if time permits. The ideal time to break the roots is the first spring, and transplant in the spring of the second or third year. Transplanting under cloudy or shaded conditions is favorable for survival.1) For moisturizing, twine the main trunk of the plant and the larger side branches, then spray the twined area with fungicide, and finally tie it tightly with a film.2) Depending on the weather conditions, spray moisturizing when the humidity is low, when the soil humidity is not enough, the roots should be watered in a timely manner, so that it does not dry out, and watered through the principle of watering.3) In the period of high temperatures, always be on guard against In class growth, to be 3 to 5 days apart, according to the actual situation of spraying fungicides. 4) The plant should be sprayed frequently with foliar water to moisturize, and add 2 ‰ of urea and trace elements in the water, to ensure the supply of nutrients to the foliar surface.
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