On the cultivation of communication ability of clinical medical students under the new doctor-patient relationship
In the process of medical treatment, the doctor-patient relationship is the most important interpersonal concern, and the harmony of the doctor-patient relationship is related to the harmony and stability of the family and society. The following is a sample of my J.L's paper on the development of communication ability of clinical medical students under the new doctor-patient relationship shared for you.
Abstract At present, China's doctor-patient relationship is undergoing drastic changes, doctor-patient conflicts are becoming more and more intense, colleges and universities to strengthen the cultivation of communication skills of medical students is imperative. Based on the analysis of the importance of cultivating the communication ability of medical students, analyze the reasons for the formation of the status quo, and then explore effective ways to cultivate the communication ability of medical students from the school period, internship period, career period.
Keywords medical students; doctor-patient relationship; communication ability
With the ? biopsychosocial? medical model shift, China's doctor-patient relationship has also gradually changed, doctor-patient conflicts are becoming more prominent, medical disputes emerge one after another, the doctor-patient relationship is becoming increasingly tense. In recent years, medical disputes have become a rising trend in China, and vicious injuries to doctors have occurred frequently. Enhancing the communication skills of medical students is an effective way to promote mutual trust between doctors and patients, ease the contradiction between doctors and patients, and reduce the number of doctor-patient disputes.
1 Importance of cultivating communication ability of clinical medical students
1.1 Importance of doctor-patient communication
The lack of effective communication between doctors and patients, the lack of equality, mutual trust, mutual understanding, and the emergence of doctor-patient conflicts. Related research shows [1], medical students have the ability to communicate effectively with patients, is to help them in the diagnosis and treatment process to accurately obtain the relevant information needed for disease diagnosis, the establishment of mutual trust in the basic premise of the doctor-patient relationship. Doctors and patients *** with the face of disease as the enemy, only between doctors and patients is mutual support and cooperation of the cooperative relationship, in order to more quickly and effectively find the truth of the disease and diagnosis and treatment measures. The lack of effective communication between doctors and patients not only hinders the diagnosis of the disease, but also causes a loss of trust and mutual understanding between doctors and patients, leading to the gradual deterioration and escalation of conflicts between doctors and patients.
1.2 The importance of interpersonal communication skills
The Fukuoka Declaration of the World Federation for Medical Education states: ? All physicians must learn communication and interpersonal skills. Lack of ****ming (empathy) should be seen as a sign of incompetence as much as lack of skill.? At present, the world's higher medical schools attach great importance to training medical students doctor-patient communication skills, most medical schools in the United States have opened the relevant skills courses, focusing on cultivating medical students doctor-patient communication skills, while China's medical schools, medical education is still not out of the emphasis on the traditional mode of professional education, medical humanities education is still marginalized, the humanistic qualities of medical students, doctor-patient communication skills cultivation have not been paid enough attention to, the medical students. This has resulted in the dilution of medical students' professional beliefs, lack of communication skills, lack of humanistic care and other shortcomings. The diagnosis of disease is not only for? The diagnosis of disease is not only about the disease, but also about the patient. It is more important to pay attention to the humanistic qualities of medical students. People? If we don't understand the reasons behind these diseases, the accuracy of the diagnosis will be hindered. In order to understand the patient's life and background, it is necessary to have good and effective communication skills in order to effectively explore the deeper reasons behind the disease. This requires good interpersonal communication skills, which can not only effectively guide the patient to take the initiative to tell the reason, but also ease the suspicion and concern of the patient's family. In addition, the diagnosis of difficult conditions requires teamwork, for a clinician, it is very important to communicate with peers for effective communication, exchange, discussion, which need to focus on strengthening the cultivation of good interpersonal communication skills of medical students.
2 Deeper reasons for the current situation of doctor-patient communication
2.1 Training of medical students
From the perspective of clinical ethics, in the process of clinical diagnosis and decision-making, doctors need to fully grasp the information about the patient's disease, explore the patient's worries, expectations, life background, family and economic factors, which puts forward higher requirements for the training of medical students, the need to strengthen the training of communication skills of medical students, so that they have the ability to effectively guide the patient. This puts higher demands on the training of medical students and requires strengthening of their communication skills so that they can have the ability to effectively guide patients to take the initiative to confide in them, to make them fully understand the explanatory skills of the information, and to win the ability to interact with the patients***sense. At present, due to the training of medical students in school is mainly to learn cultural courses, most of the basic professional knowledge in books, the lack of practicality, can not put the knowledge in books into practice, so that the students' communication skills are weak, and in the face of emergencies when the lack of flexible coping ability. In addition, with the ? biopsychosocial? s 'medical model' continues to develop, patients' knowledge of their own rights, awareness of fairness, and the need for humanistic care continue to rise, which is a practical challenge that must be met by medical students who have just entered clinical work practice, how to positively face patients and effectively resolve conflicts. Clinical medical students' lack of social practice experience, lack of communication skills between doctors and patients, and the existence of some medical technology problems are all causes of tension in today's doctor-patient relationship. Studies have shown that at present, medical students in the process of communication with patients generally have? Nervousness and timidity, lack of affinity, and lack of their own confidence? and other problems [2]. Therefore, how to make the clinical medical students learn to use, the theory combined with clinical practice, the cultivation of good doctor-patient communication ability has become an important topic in the cultivation of medical students, to strengthen the cultivation of communication ability of medical students is imperative.
2.2 The popularization of advanced instruments
The popularization of advanced instruments increasingly simplifies the communication process. With the development of economic and social and medical science and technology, a variety of advanced examination equipment for the medical process to bring great convenience, reducing the tedious labor intensity of doctors, but for doctors to bring convenience at the same time, these cold instruments to reduce the time between the doctor and the patient's real communication, diluted the doctor from the perspective of the profession of the patient's psychological treatment, and most of the history of the information is through the direct communication between the doctor and the patient. The patient? The patient? For the doctor, the cure? The patient? must emphasize the importance of a comprehensive? The person is a person who is not a patient, but a person who has a disease. The background factors and deep-seated reasons behind the disease, such as the patient's life, occupation, family, environment, etc., are not obvious, and some patients will have reservations about the difficult to talk about their medical history and are unwilling to disclose it to medical personnel. Through good communication, doctors listen carefully to the patient's demands, ease the patient's guard, understand the patient's pain, establish mutual trust, and guide the patient to form a positive psychological state can bring twice the effect of the patient's treatment. The doctor's ability to communicate with the patient is a major factor in the success of the patient's diagnosis and treatment.
2.3 Unreasonable allocation of medical resources
Due to the serious irrationality of the current allocation of domestic medical resources, small hospitals are crowded with people, and large hospitals are crowded with people, so that the busy medical staff and patients simply have no time to communicate effectively with each other, which results in a lack of trust and understanding between the doctor and the patient, and makes the tense relationship between doctors and patients less than alleviated. It can be seen that the increasing intensification of doctor-patient relations, doctor-patient disputes in an endless stream, the reasons for this are manifold, analysis of China's doctor-patient disputes in recent years, due to the doctor-patient communication is not in place caused by 49% [3]. Such big data is to illustrate, rebuild a harmonious doctor-patient relationship, maintain a good doctor-patient order, should start from the effective communication between doctors and patients, should be a reasonable allocation of medical resources, from the general environment to improve the status quo of the doctor-patient conflict is prominent.
3 Effective ways to cultivate the communication ability of medical students
3.1 During the school period
First of all, in the professional courses penetrate the communication theory learning. As a medical student, it is essential to continuously improve their level of professional knowledge and professional and technical skills, only their own knowledge reserve is too strong, in order to both confident in clinical work, but also to increase the patient's trust in the doctor. However, China's medical education tends to neglect the training of medical students' communication ability, making medical students lack of awareness of doctor-patient communication, and extremely lack of doctor-patient communication skills. According to the research, it is found that the number of hours of humanities courses in the domestic medical specialty accounts for about 8% of the total credit hours [4]. Even if some courses are offered, they are not valued by teachers and students due to backward teaching concepts, outdated methods, and lack of reasonable assessment and evaluation. Therefore, colleges and universities should make reasonable arrangements for courses, reform teaching, strengthen teachers, improve assessment, and invariably make medical students pay attention to the theoretical learning of doctor-patient communication-related courses. Medical schools should strengthen the education of medical students at all levels of education, and strive to build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship and strengthen the cultivation of medical students' own consciousness and ability. Secondly, in the theoretical study of doctor-patient role-playing. Early during the theoretical study of doctor-patient communication, students lack of practical opportunities, and limited contact with patients, so in the theoretical learning process students can simulate the process of doctor-patient communication through doctor-patient role-playing, as a way to further understand the doctor-patient relationship. It is essential for teachers of medical humanities courses to participate in the organization of teaching. In addition, key clinical teachers, department heads and experts should be recruited to participate in the lectures, provide real clinical cases, and apply the theoretical knowledge to the scenarios by reproducing the scenarios in the teaching or by inviting patients or standardized patients to participate in the practical teaching activities. Through simulation exercises, both the students will learn the theoretical knowledge of the timely application to the actual, improve the ability of doctor-patient communication, put themselves in the shoes of patients, so as to master the doctor-patient communication skills.
3.2 During the internship period
During the internship period, medical students should be guided to enhance their awareness of doctor-patient communication and take the initiative to improve their doctor-patient communication skills, so as to be fully prepared for the smooth transition to clinicians. In the summer and winter vacations, you can volunteer in the hospital to carry out more social practice activities, early contact with patients, feel the hospital's intense working environment. You can also join the medical guide team to increase contact with patients, and really understand the needs of patients through communication with them. Through early clinical practice, medical students should realize that, as doctors, the treatment of patients' diseases is the first duty, but also need to give patients psychological comfort and care. Medical students should always remember Trudeau's famous saying: ? Sometimes to cure, often to help, always to comfort?
3.3 Professional period
The training of medical students not only requires medical students not only to have a high level of diagnosis and treatment technology, but also need to have a noble professional ethics and full of humanistic feelings, the use of superb communication skills, to get the patient's full understanding and trust, to reduce the emergence of conflicts between doctors and patients and radicalization. Prof. Zhong Nanshan once said: ? Nowadays, Chinese doctors are not poor in technology, but medical ethics, is the consciousness of serving patients? Therefore, a good doctor-patient relationship should start from the doctor-patient communication, and good doctor-patient communication should start from the humanistic care of patients. Only doctors with a rich heritage of humanistic qualities, fully take into account the social and psychological needs of patients, put themselves in the shoes of patients, in order to make the most appropriate diagnosis and treatment decisions [5]. Medical students just entered the workplace, because of the young appearance, clinical expertise is not comfortable, physical examination and other professional skills are not skilled enough to suffer from patients and their families will be questioned and distrust, the emergence of patients excluded just entered the clinical young doctors, and even appeared to its inquiries love and disdain for the phenomenon, a serious blow to the enthusiasm of the medical students and confidence in clinical practice. Medical students should adapt to the requirements of society as soon as possible, enter the role of clinicians as soon as possible, should think from the patient's point of view, master the skills of doctor-patient communication, patiently communicate with the patient, obtain the necessary information about the medical history, and at the same time, win the trust of the patient. In the work, pay attention to language expression ability, communication ability, critical thinking ability and other comprehensive ability to improve, strengthen the sense of service, full of humanistic care, good listening, patient answers, *** enjoy information, the patient's feelings and actively respond to the patient's feelings, and strive to build equality, humanity, mutual respect, mutual trust, mutual understanding of the patient's communication platform, enhance professional competence and professional self-confidence. In the work, pay attention to business training, strengthen communication skills professional training, combined with daily clinical practice work insights, integration, and gradually improve communication skills.
4 Conclusion
In summary, in the medical process, the doctor-patient relationship is the most important interpersonal concern, the harmony of doctor-patient relationship, the relationship between the family, social harmony and stability. It is extremely important to strengthen the cultivation of communication ability of medical students to resolve the conflicts between doctors and patients and reduce the disputes between doctors and patients. Medical schools should pay attention to the integration of courses related to doctor-patient communication, enrich the teaching methods, and improve the doctor-patient communication ability of medical students while cultivating professional skills. Medical students should improve their own moral cultivation in addition to their professional knowledge, so that they can achieve a better doctor-patient relationship with better humanistic care.
References
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[3]Wang Xinping. Teaching should permeate the cultivation of doctor-patient communication ability of medical students[J]. Medicine and Health Care, 2015(1):3.
[4]Li Kaijun, Cui Rongjun, Hu Jiangping. Problems and countermeasures facing medical humanities education under the new situation[J]. Medicine and Society, 2013, 26(3):89-90, 94.
[5]Qiang Wei, Jian Hongjiang, Jiang Bizhe, et al. Doctor-patient relationship under the characteristics of contemporary medical technology[J]. Medicine and Philosophy, 2015, 36(3A): 51-53.
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