The Tsinghua Tongfang Artificial Environment Equipment Company put on the market this year, energy-saving, environmentally friendly new products - GHP-type water central air-conditioning system. Other domestic manufacturers also have similar products on the market, such as energy-saving cooling and heating machine, ground temperature cooling and heating machine, ground temperature air conditioning, ground temperature heat pump. Although the name is different, but basically the same heat pump products. Heat pumps can effectively utilize the low temperature potential heat energy contained in the air, water and soil. Water source heat pump system is one of the optimal ways of energy utilization in the 21st century. Suitable and reliable water source is the effective application of water source heat pump premise, promote the use of water source heat pump technology, should pay attention to solve the related water problems.
1, the working principle of the water source heat pump and its system composition
The term heat pump is borrowed from the word pump. In the natural environment, the water to the low flow, heat to the low temperature level transfer. Water pumps pump water from low to high utilization. The heat pump can be low-temperature heat pumping (exchange transfer) to the high temperature to provide utilization. In China's "HVAC Terminology Standard (GB50155-92)", the explanation of the heat pump is able to realize the evaporator and condenser function conversion of the refrigerator; in the "New International Dictionary of Refrigeration (New International Dictionary of Refrigeration)", the explanation of the heat pump is to condenser heat released to supply the heat of the Refrigeration system. It can be seen that the heat pump is essentially the same as the refrigerator, only different operating conditions. Its working principle is that the compressor is driven by electric energy, so that the mass (such as R22) cyclic movement repeated physical phase change process, respectively, in the evaporator in the gasification of heat absorption, liquefaction in the condenser exothermic, so that the heat is constantly exchanged and transferred, and through the valve switching to make the unit to achieve the function of heating (or refrigeration). In this process, the compressor of the heat pump requires a certain amount of high level of electrical energy to drive, its evaporator absorbs low level of thermal energy, but the heat output of the heat pump is the high level of thermal energy can be utilized in the amount of high level of thermal energy consumed and absorbed by the sum of low level of thermal energy. The ratio of heat pump output power to input power is called the heat pump coefficient of performance, or COP value (Coefficient of Performance ). There are a variety of heat pumps, water as a heat source and heating medium heat pump called water source heat pump. Water source heat pump coefficient of performance (i.e., COP value) is higher than the air source heat pump, system operation performance is stable.
Water source heat pump project is a systematic project, generally consists of three parts: water source system, water source heat pump room system and end cooling system. Among them, the water source system includes water source, water intake structures, water pipeline network and water treatment equipment.
2, water source heat pump on the water source system requirements
Water source system of water, water temperature, water quality and water supply stability is an important factor affecting the operating effect of water source heat pump system. Application of water source heat pump, the principle of the water source system requirements are: sufficient water, moderate water temperature, water quality, water supply stability. Specifically, the amount of water, should be sufficient enough to meet the user's heating load or cooling load needs. If the amount of water is insufficient, the unit's heating and cooling capacity will be reduced to meet user requirements. The water temperature of the water source should be moderate, suitable for the operating conditions of the unit requirements. For example, Tsinghua Tongfang GHP-type water central air conditioning system in the heating operating conditions, the water temperature should be 12-22 ℃; in the cooling operating conditions, the water temperature should be 18-30 ℃. The water quality of the water source should be suitable for the system unit, piping and valve materials, without serious corrosion damage. Water source system water supply guarantee rate should be high, the water supply function has long-term reliability, can ensure that the water source heat pump central air conditioning system long-term and stable operation.
3, water
In principle, all water, water temperature to meet the user's heating load or refrigeration load needs, water quality of the unit equipment does not produce corrosion damage of any water source can be utilized as a water-source heat pump system of the water source, both renewable water, can also be a natural water source.
3.1 Recycled water
is the artificial use of discharged but treated municipal sewage, industrial wastewater, mine wastewater, oilfield wastewater and cooling water from thermal power plants and other sources of water, there are conditions for the use of recycled water users, turning waste into profit, can reduce the initial investment, saving water resources. But for most users, the alternative is the water source in nature.
3.2 Water in nature
Water in nature is distributed in the atmosphere, the Earth's surface and crustal rocks, respectively, called atmospheric water, surface water and groundwater. Both surface water and groundwater on land come from atmospheric precipitation.
The seawater in surface water accounts for about 96.5% of the total water reserves in nature. Coastal cities are in a position to utilize seawater, and there are examples of applying seawater as a heat pump water source in foreign countries. Some coastal cities in China have been using seawater for industrial cooling water source for many years. In recent years, the domestic use of seawater as a heat pump water research, but seawater water source heat pump technology has yet to be practical. Surface water on land, that is, rivers, lakes, reservoirs than seawater and groundwater mineralization is low, but contains solid particles such as sediment, colloidal suspended solids and algae and other organic matter is more sand and turbidity is high, must be necessary to deal with the water source for heat pumps.
Groundwater is buried and transported in the aquifer below the surface of the water body. Groundwater is widely distributed, water quality is better than surface water, water temperature with climate change is smaller than surface water, water central air conditioning can be utilized as a more ideal water source.
3.3 Water and water source selection
Water is a key factor affecting the effectiveness of the water source heat pump system, a project the amount of water required by the project load and unit performance to determine the amount of water selected by the water source should meet the load requirements. If other conditions are available, but the water is slightly insufficient, the gap can take some auxiliary measures to compensate for the solution. If the water gap is large, can not meet the load requirements, should consider other programs. In terms of a specific project, should start from the actual situation, to determine whether there are available water sources. Different projects of the site environment and hydrogeological conditions vary greatly, can be utilized by different water sources, should be adapted to local conditions to choose the applicable water source. When there are different water sources to choose from, should be compared through technical and economic analysis, to determine the best.
4, water quality
Nature's water in the endless cycle of movement, constantly in contact with the atmosphere, soil and rocks and other environmental media, mutual interaction, so that it has a complex chemical composition, chemical properties and physical properties. Application of water-source heat pumps, in addition to the amount of water should be concerned about the source of water, should also be concerned about the temperature of the water, chemical composition, turbidity, hardness, mineralization and corrosiveness and other factors. However, at present, the water source heat pump water quality used in the water source is not yet relevant provisions, the data presented in this paper refer to the cooling water quality standards and certain groundwater recharge water quality of the relevant provisions.
4.1 Temperature
Surface water temperature varies with season, latitude and elevation. North of the Yangtze River and plateau areas, surface water freezing in winter, can not be utilized for heating. Summer water temperature is generally below 30 ℃, can be used for cooling and air conditioning.
Groundwater temperature varies with natural geography, geological conditions and circulation depth. Near the surface is the variable temperature zone, the variable temperature zone below a certain depth for the constant temperature zone, groundwater temperature is not affected by solar radiation. The depth of the thermostatic zone varies at different latitudes, and the water temperature ranges from 10 to 22℃. Below the thermostatic zone, the temperature of groundwater increases with depth, and the amount of increase depends on the geothermal warming rate of different regions and different lithologies. The average geothermal warming rate of the earth's crust is 2.5℃/100m, and a value greater than this is a geothermal anomaly. Geothermal anomalies rich in groundwater can form geothermal fields. According to the statistics in 1997, more than 3200 geothermal hot spots have been found in the country, 130 geothermal fields have been developed and utilized, and 345 million m3 of geothermal water are extracted annually.At present, many geothermal users discharge high temperature of abandoned water (about 40℃). The application of water source heat pump can make the 30 ℃ temperature difference in the abandoned water to be reused, greatly improving the utilization rate of geothermal energy.
4.2 Sand content and turbidity
Some water sources contain sediment, organic matter and colloidal suspension, making the water turbid. The high sand content of the water source will cause wear and tear on the unit and pipe valves. Water with high sand content and turbidity used for groundwater recharge can cause aquifer clogging. Water sources used in water source heat pump systems should have a sand content of <1/200,000 and a turbidity of <20 mg/liter. If the water source heat pump system is equipped with a plate heat exchanger, the particle size of solid particles in the source water should be <0.5 mm.
4.3 The chemical composition of water and its chemical properties
Nature's water dissolved in different ions, molecules, compounds and gases, so that the water has a pH, hardness, mineralization and corrosive and other chemical properties, the unit material has a certain impact.
Acidity and alkalinity The pH value of water is less than 7, acidic, and alkaline. Water source heat pump water source pH value should be 6.5-8.5.
Hardness The total amount of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in water is called total hardness. Hardness, easy to scale. Water source heat pump water CaO content should be <200 mg/L.
Mineralization The total amount of various ions, molecules, compounds contained in a unit volume of water is called the total mineralization, used for water-source heat pump system should be <3g/L water mineralization.
Corrosiveness Cl-, free CO2, etc. in the water corrosive, the presence of dissolved oxygen increases the corrosion of the metal pipeline. Destructive effect. Application of water source heat pump system, corrosive, hard water, should be installed in the system of corrosion-resistant stainless steel heat exchanger or titanium plate heat exchanger.
5, water structures
Water supply from the water source to the water source heat pump room, water structures need to be built. According to the different sources of water, water intake structures can be divided into surface water intake structures and groundwater intake structures of two types.
5.1 Surface water intake structures
According to the structural form of surface water intake structures can be divided into active and fixed two kinds. Activity type surface water intake structures have pontoon boat type and activity cable car type. More commonly used is the fixed surface water intake structures, its more varied, but generally include the inlet, conduit (or horizontal collector) and collector wells, surface water intake structures by the water flow, flow rate, water level, the construction of the more complex, to choose the construction program for the specific situation.
5.2 Groundwater intake structures
Groundwater intake structures have tube wells, large wells, combined wells, radial wells and seepage canals and other types, Table 1 lists the type and scope of application of groundwater intake structures [1]. In the actual project, according to the depth of groundwater, aquifer thickness, the size of the water output, different technical and economic conditions to choose different forms.
5.3 Tube wells
The most common type of groundwater intake structures is tube wells, which are generally composed of boreholes, wall tubes, water filters, and sedimentation tubes. Borehole drilled with a drilling rig, well wall pipe installed in the non-aquifer, to support the borehole hole wall, to prevent collapse, well pipe and hole closed with clay or cement and other impermeable materials around the hole, to prevent the ground sewage infiltration; filter pipe installed in the aquifer, in addition to the role of the wall pipe, its main role is to filter the water and block the sand; well pipe at the bottom of the sand pipe for sedimentation of sedimentation in the water, extend the service life of the tube wells. 6, water system design and construction should pay attention to the problem
6.1 water supply source feasibility study
To use the water source heat pump system, should be the first investigation of the project site of the water supply water conditions, to the local water management consulting or professional team to carry out the necessary hydro-geological investigations or hydro-geophysical surveys, to understand whether there is suitable for the use of water source heat pumps water source through the feasibility study, to determine the use of surface water, the use of water source heat pumps, the use of ground water, the use of ground water, the use of ground water, the use of ground water, the use of ground water. Feasibility study to determine the use of surface water or groundwater water supply source program.
6.2 Surface water source engineering design and construction
Elected surface water source, the design of water intake should take into account the factor of water temperature and water demand guarantee rate, water intake structure elevation and the relationship between the water level in the flood season. Construction should also consider the arrangement of water supply and drainage pipes.
6.3 tube well engineering design and construction
To choose the groundwater source and tube well water intake program, for larger projects, should be based on the required amount of water and groundwater recharge needs, combined with the site environment and hydrogeological conditions, according to a certain extraction and irrigation ratio to determine the number of pumping wells and recharging the number of wells, a reasonable arrangement of wells and well spacing. The depth of the wells should be greater than the depth of the variable temperature zone to ensure that the temperature of the water source in winter is >10℃. In order to prevent clogging of recharge wells, to ensure long-term stability of the water supply system, pumping wells and recharge wells should be switched to use each other, so the depth of each well and the structure of the well should be similar. Well filter water pipe and screen should have a certain strength, can withstand the pumping and irrigation reciprocating water flow pressure change.
6.4 Construction quality of tube wells
The quality of tube wells must be taken very seriously. It should be constructed by a professional team, and every process should be done well to build a good quality well in order to get a larger output and good quality water. A quality well can be used for more than twenty years. Poor quality well completion not only affects the life of the well, but also affects the effect of water extraction and recharge, and ultimately affects the normal work of the water source heat pump and the heating or cooling effect. Party A shall participate in the final stage of pumping test work, and identify credible and accurate pumping test result data. After the completion of the tube well, the Party A, the construction unit and the administrative department or supervision will be present at the site, according to the contract for the amount of water, water temperature and water quality for the acceptance of the quality of the project.
Table 1: Forms of Groundwater Extraction Structures and Scope of Application
Forms
Dimensions
Depth (m)
Scope of Application
Producing Volume (m3/d)
Groundwater Types
Depth of Groundwater
The Thickness of Aquifers
Hydrological Geology Characteristics
Tubewells
Diameter 50-1000mm150-600mm
Depth of well 20-1000m,commonly used within 300m
Diving water, pressurized water, fissure water, cave water
Depth of well 20-1000m,commonly used within 200m
Diving water, pressurized water, fissure water, cave water
Depth of ground water Within 200m,commonly used within 70m
Greater than 5m or multi-layer aquifers
Applicable to any sand, pebble, gravel stratum and tectonic fissure, karst fissure zone
Single well water output 500-6000m3/d, the maximum of up to 20-30,000m3/d
Large wells
2-10m in diameter, commonly used within 4-10m in depth, and the maximum of 4-10,000m3/d. -10m,commonly used 4-8m
Well depth within 20m,commonly used 6-15m
Submersible,pressurized water
Generally within 10m
Generally 5-15m
Sand,cobble,gravel strata. The coefficient of permeability should be more than 20m/d
The water output of a single well is 500-10,000m3/d, and the maximum is 20-30,000m3/d
Radial well
The diameter of the collecting well is 4-6m, and the diameter of the radial tube is 50-300mm, and the diameter of the radial tube is commonly used is 75-150mm
The depth of collecting well is 3-12m, and the depth of the radial tube is 5-12m. Catchment well depth 3-12m
Submersible, pressurized water
Buried depth of 12m or less, the radiation tube from the precipitation layer should be more than 1m
Generally more than 2m
Recharge a good layer of medium-coarse sand, gravel, but can not contain drifting gravel
Single wells of 5,000-50,000m3/d, the radiation pipe diameter 50-300mm 10,000m3/d, maximum 31,000m3/d
Seepage channel
Diameter 450-1500mm, commonly used 600-1000mm
Depth of burial 10m or less, commonly used 4-6m
Submerged, riverbed Infiltration water
General depth of 8m or less
Generally 4-6m
Good recharge of medium and coarse sand, gravel, pebble layer
Generally 10-30m3/d.m, the maximum of 50-100m3/d.m
7, water quality and treatment and Water-saving technology
7.1 Water treatment technology
If the water quality of the water source is not suitable for water-source heat pump unit, you can take appropriate technical measures for water quality treatment, so that it meets the unit requirements. In the water system often used in the water treatment technology are the following:
Desander and sedimentation tank When the sand content in the water is high, the water piping system can be installed in the water source cyclone desander, reduce the sand content in the water, to avoid wear and tear and clogging of the unit and the pipe valve. Domestic cyclone desander covers a small area, there are different specifications, according to the standard treatment flow can be selected from the desander model and number of units. If the project site area is large, you can also build a sedimentation tank to remove sand. Sedimentation tank costs less than the desander, but covers a large area.
Water filter Some water sources, turbidity is large, used for recharge easily caused by the tube well filter pipe and aquifer clogging, affecting the stability of the water supply system and service life. The turbidity of the water source, you can install a water filter for filtration.
Electronic water treatment instrument in the water central air conditioning system operation, the condenser in the circulating water temperature is high, especially in winter heating conditions, the water temperature is often more than 50 ° C, calcium and magnesium ions in the water are prone to precipitation scaling, affecting the effect of heat transfer. Usually in the condenser circulating water pipeline installation of electronic water treatment instrument to prevent pipeline scaling.
Plate heat exchanger Some of the water mineralization is high, the corrosiveness of the metal is strong, such as direct access to the unit will reduce the service life of the unit due to corrosion. If the water treatment method to reduce the mineralization, the cost is very large. Usually used to add a plate heat exchanger in the middle of the heat transfer, the water source water and unit isolation, so that the unit completely avoided the corrosive effect of the water source water may produce. When the source water mineralization is less than 350mg / L, the water system can not add a heat exchanger, using a direct connection. When the source water mineralization of 350-500mg / L, you can install stainless steel plate heat exchanger. When the mineralization of water > 500mg / L, should be installed corrosion-resistant titanium alloy plate heat exchanger. Can also install volumetric heat exchanger, the cost is less than the plate heat exchanger, but covers a large area.
Iron removal equipment water central air-conditioning system can also be used to supply domestic hot water. But sometimes the water source contains more iron, although the heating has no effect on the bath will not cause damage to human health, but the iron dissolved in water is easy to generate iron hydroxide precipitation in sanitary ware, the formation of brown stains hindering the visual senses. When the amount of iron in the water> 0.3 mg / L, should be installed in the water system in addition to iron treatment equipment.
7.2 Water and electricity saving technology
Water source heat pump air conditioning system water resource costs and well pump running costs are often the largest expenditure of the operating costs of the engineering system, in order to reasonably and effectively use the water source, reduce the waste of water and save electricity, in the design of the system should be considered in the use of water-saving and electricity-saving technical measures.
Water mixer In order to save the amount of water, water mixing equipment can be installed in the system, generally using volumetric water mixer, you can also use jet mixer. The former volume of low cost, the latter small volume of high cost.
Variable Frequency Governor In order to save water and electricity, you can install a variable frequency governor to control the water pump, to achieve the effect of reducing water consumption and power consumption.
8, groundwater artificial recharge (commonly known as recharge) [2]
8.1 Artificial recharge and its purpose
The so-called artificial recharge of groundwater (i.e., recharge), is the exchange of heat by the water-source heat pump unit of the water discharged after the re-injection of underground aquifers. This can replenish the groundwater source, regulate the water level and maintain the storage balance; it can be recharged to store energy and provide a source of heat and cold, such as winter irrigation in summer and summer irrigation in winter; and it can maintain the head pressure of the aquifer and prevent the ground from subsidence. Therefore, in order to protect groundwater resources, to ensure long-term reliable operation of the water source heat pump system, water source heat pump system engineering should generally take recharge measures.
8.2 The quality of recharge water
At present, there is no national standard for recharge water quality, and the standards set by various regions and departments are not the same. It should be noted that the principle is: recharge water quality should be better than or equal to the original groundwater quality, recharge will not cause regional groundwater quality pollution. In fact, the source water after the heat pump unit, just the exchange of heat, water quality almost no change, recharge will not cause groundwater pollution.
8.3 Types of recharge
According to the actual situation of the project site, ground infiltration recharge, induced recharge and injection recharge can be used. Injecting recharge is generally carried out using tube wells, often using unpressurized (self-flow), negative pressure (vacuum) and pressurized (positive pressure) recharge methods. Unpressurized self-flow recharge is suitable for aquifer permeability is good, the well has recharge water level and static water level difference. Vacuum-negative pressure recharge is suitable for groundwater level buried deep (static water level buried depth below 10 meters), aquifer permeability is good. Pressurized recharge is suitable for strata with high water table and poor permeability. For pumping and irrigation dual-use wells, in order to prevent the wells from interfering with each other, reasonable well spacing should be controlled.
8.4 Recharge volume
The size of recharge volume is related to hydrogeological conditions, well formation process, recharge method and other factors, among which hydrogeological conditions are the main factors affecting recharge volume. Generally speaking, the wells with large water output also have large recharge volume. In the bedrock fissure aquifer and karst aquifer recharge, in a recharge year, the recharge water level and unit recharge volume do not change much; in the gravel and pebble aquifer, the unit recharge volume is generally more than 80% of the unit water output. In the coarse sand aquifer, the recharge volume is 50-70% of the water output. In fine sand aquifers, the unit recharge is 30-50% of the unit water output. The extraction and irrigation ratio is the main basis for determining the number of pumping wells.
8.5 back up
To prevent and deal with tube well clogging mainly using the method of back up, the so-called back up that is to open the pump in the recharge wells pumping drainage in the clogged material. The number of times each recharge well is lifted back and the duration of lifting back is mainly determined by the aquifer particle size and permeability. In the karst fissure aquifer tube well recharge, long-term not back to raise, recharge capacity can still be maintained; in the loose coarse particles of aquifer tube well recharge, back to raise the time of about 1-2 times a week; in the middle and fine particles of aquifer tube well recharge, back to raise the interval should be shortened, should be 1-2 times a day. In the process of recharging, grasp the appropriate number of times and time to get a good recharging effect, if you are afraid of recharging more time, less recharging or even no recharging, the results of tube wells and aquifers are blocked, but the loss is not worth the gain. The duration of rejuvenation is as long as it takes for the muddy water to be finished and the clear water to be seen. For fine-grained aquifer, it is especially important to raise back. Experiments have proved that: between several times of recharge and continuous recharge without recharge compared to recharge, the former can restore the recharge water level, to ensure that the recharge wells work properly.
9, the application of water-source heat pump constraints
Water-source heat pump central air conditioning system is a highly efficient, energy-saving, environmentally friendly products, but not under any conditions can be applied. Its constraints are power and water. At present, China's power supply is more adequate and easy to solve. The water source, on the other hand, is its main constraint, and water source heat pumps cannot be used without a suitable and reliable water source. For example, some projects are large, cooling or heating load, the amount of water required for many water sources, although the project site has a certain area, you can also drill wells, but due to the lack of water resources, it is difficult to fully meet the project load needs. Some projects are located in the site below the groundwater, but because the project is located in the busy urban areas, the site area is small, there is no place to cloth wells for water, site environmental conditions limit the application of water source heat pump system.
10, water-source heat pump application project examples
10.1 Project Overview
In order to combat air pollution in Beijing, Beijing Geological Survey and Technical Institute undertook to complete the geothermal plus water-source heat pump heating demonstration project. The project plan is shown in Figure 1, winter heating office buildings and family buildings **** 6 buildings, construction area of about 30,000 square meters, brick structure, the original HVAC design for the coal-fired boiler heating, the end of the single-pipe tandem up to send back to the lower return system, cast-iron four-column 813-type radiators. Demonstration project heat source for geothermal wells, water temperature 68 ℃, water volume of 125 m3 / h, two 45m shallow fourth system water wells, water temperature 16 ℃, single well water output of 50 m3 / h, well spacing of 100 m.
Figure 1 geothermal heat pump heating engineering plan
Figure 2 geothermal plus water source heat pump heating process flow diagram
The project due to geothermal drilling construction cycle limitations, the heating test is carried out in two phases. The engineering process schematic diagram is shown in Figure 2. a project from December 5, 1999 to March 8, 2000, 16 ℃ groundwater as a heat source, the use of water-source heat pumps on the five-storey comprehensive office building heating test. The building has a floor area of 4078m2, a building height of 18m, three-seven walls and single-glazed windows. Before heating, chemical cleaning was carried out on the heating pipeline that had been running for 14 years, and part of the rusted heater was replaced. In order to compare the heating effect and carry out cooling in summer, fan coils were added to the first and second floor office buildings. Groundwater of 16℃ pumped from No.1 well is sent to the evaporator of the heat pump unit to absorb heat and then re-injected into the ground by No.2 well to protect the groundwater source. The heat pump output of 52 ℃ hot water to the office building heating.
The second phase of the project since March 8, 2000 (completion of geothermal wells) to April 5, the geothermal plus water source heat pump heating operation test. Geothermal wells 68 ℃ geothermal water to 25,000 m2 building for primary heating, part of the geothermal water through the plate exchange temperature down to 13 ℃ as a discarded water discharge, the plate exchange of the cold side end of the circulating water by the heat pump heat conversion output 52 ℃ hot water heating of the office building. 2000 summer, the use of No. 1 and No. 2 pumping and irrigation wells and water-source heat pump unit of cooling and air-conditioning for the office building.
10.2 main technical parameters
Heat pump host: Tsinghua Tongfang Artificial Environment Equipment Company produced GHP type water source central air conditioning system, 1, nominal heating capacity of 360 kW, refrigeration capacity of 275 kW, the installed power of 64 kW, the condenser under the heating condition out / return temperature 52 ℃ / 42 ℃, refrigeration working conditions out of the evaporator water temperature 7 ℃ / 12 ℃, switching between heating / cooling conditions, and return temperature 7 ℃ / 12 ℃. The heating/cooling condition switching is realized by the water pipeline valve group switch. Plate heat exchanger: BR0.24Ⅶ type 1 set, 12 m2, 300 kW, 40-13/10-15℃, made of stainless steel. Cold water submersible pump: QJ50-50/6 type 2 sets, flow rate 50 m3/h, head 50 m, power 7.5 kW. south hospital heating circulation pump: ISG type 80-160, 3 sets, flow rate 50 m3/h, head 32 m, power 7.5 kW. cold water circulation pump: DFB80-32B type 2 sets, flow rate 42 m3/h, head 24 m , power 5.5 kW.< /p>
10.5kW, 1 set, 12 m2, 300 kW, stainless steel. /p>
10.3 Operation Effect
Winter heating, water-source heat pump continuous operation for 126 days, stable performance, supply and return water temperature (52/42 ℃) to control the start and stop the press, an average of 40 degrees of power consumption per hour, the amount of cold water wells water 18 m3/h, outdoor temperature -10 ℃, most of the rooms room temperature of 18 ℃, a few rooms at the end of the heating system 15-16 ℃, the room temperature can be up to 20 ℃, the room temperature of the air-conditioning disk is installed. The room temperature of the room with air disk can reach 20-25℃. Summer cooling, water-source heat pump continuous operation for 120 days to the chilled water return temperature (12 ℃) to control the press start and stop, the outdoor air temperature 33-40 ℃, room temperature 22-26 ℃.
References:
[1] Water Supply Hydrogeology Manual, Geological Publishing House, 1976.
[2] Wang Guangtao, edited by the urban water conservation technology and management, 1994
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