The new device is made of hydrogel, which is structured similarly to the material used to make soft contact lenses." When people think of gels, they usually think of them as being soft and weak, like Jell-O, which is intentionally weak so you can chew on it But people have developed these extremely tough gels to replace cartilage, and some of them can be stretched 20 times or more.
By adding salt to an aqueous hydrogel, charged ions can flow through the hydrogel and create an electric field around it. When a finger is near the hydrogel, it interacts with the electric field in a way that can be detected by electrodes attached to the hydrogel. The signals are easily distinguishable from those generated when the hydrogel is bent, the researchers say,
is a close-up of a transparent touchpad before it fills with gel electrodes. (University of British Columbia)The scientists embedded the hydrogel in silicone rubber. They created a square transparent touchpad about 1.2 inches (3 centimeters) wide with 16 buttons, each about 0.2 inches (5 millimeters) wide.
The array maintains its sensory capabilities even when bent or stretched, and it can withstand common environmental contaminants such as coffee spills. The transparent pad can also detect multiple fingers at once, which is necessary for the zoom feature typically found on smartphones, the researchers said.
The researchers noted that the materials used to make the device cost about $1 per 10.75 square feet (1 square meter) and are inexpensive to manufacture.
"You can put them on pretty much anything," Madden said of the opportunity it offers to make wearables or some kind of robotic skin, or to put it under a carpet to detect someone falling.
In the future, researchers could try to make touchpads that are more durable and stretchable, Madden said. The scientists detailed their findings today (March 15) in the online edition of the journal Science Advances.
Original article in Life Sciences.