First, the software
1. virus
When the "shock wave" virus breaks out, it will also prompt the system to start automatically after 60 seconds.
Trojan horse programs remotely control all activities of your computer, including restarting your computer.
Remove viruses, Trojans or reinstall the system.
2. The system file is corrupted.
System files are destroyed, such as KERNEL32.DLL under Win2K, FONTS under Win98 fonts directory and other basic files when the system is running, which will be forced to restart when the system is started.
Solution: cover the installation or reinstall.
3. Timing software or task planning software works.
If you set a restart or load some working programs in the "Planning Taskbar", the computer will start again. In this case, we can open the "startup" item, check whether there are unfamiliar execution files or other scheduled working procedures, and then filter them before starting the inspection. Of course, we can also directly enter the "Msconfig" command in "Run" to select the startup item.
Second, the hardware.
1. Chassis power supply is insufficient, DC output is impure, and dynamic response is slow.
Users or installers often ignore the power supply and use cheap power supply, which is one of the biggest suspects that lead to the automatic restart of the system.
① The output power of power supply is insufficient. When running software that takes up a lot of CPU resources such as large 3D games, when the CPU needs high power supply, the power supply is overloaded due to insufficient power supply, and the output is stopped. After the power supply stops outputting, the load is lightened and the power supply is resumed. Because the protection/recovery time is very short, the performance given to us is that the host automatically restarts.
② The DC output of power supply is impure, and the digital circuit requires pure DC power supply. When the harmonic content in the DC output of the power supply is too large, it will lead to the working error of the digital circuit, which is manifested as frequent shutdown or restart.
③ The workload of ③③CPU is dynamic, so is the requirement for current, which requires fast dynamic response. Some poor quality power supplies have long dynamic response time, which will also lead to frequent crashes or restarts.
④ If the power of updating equipment (high-end graphics card/large hard disk/graphics card) and adding equipment (burner/hard disk) exceeds the rated output power of the original power supply, it will lead to frequent crashes or restarts.
Solution: Now replace the high-quality and high-power computer power supply.
2. The thermal stability of the memory is poor, and the chip is damaged or set incorrectly.
The probability of system restart caused by memory problems is relatively high.
① The thermal stability of the memory is poor, and it can work normally when it is turned on. When the memory temperature rises to a certain temperature, it will not work normally, resulting in a crash or restart.
(2) When the memory chip is slightly damaged, you can pass the self-check (set the quick start to detect the memory incompletely), or you can enter the ordinary desktop to run normally. When running some software with high I/O throughput (media playing, games, plane /3D drawing), it will restart or crash.
Solution: Replace the memory.
③ Setting the CAS value of the memory too small will also lead to the instability of the memory, leading to the automatic restart of the system. Generally, it is best to use the default settings of BIOS, and don't change them yourself.
3. number three. The CPU temperature is too high or the cache is damaged.
① Too high ①CPU temperature often leads to protective automatic restart. The reason for the high temperature is basically because the chassis and CPU are not well cooled. The reasons for poor heat dissipation of CPU are: low thermal conductivity of radiator material, foreign objects (mostly warranty cards) between radiator and CPU, low fan speed, too much dust on fan and radiator, and so on. Also, the temperature probe under the CPU of the P2/P3 motherboard is damaged or the temperature measuring circuit inside the P4 CPU is damaged, the BIOS on the motherboard has a BUG and temperature measurement is not allowed under certain special circumstances, and the CPU protection temperature set in CMOS is too low. This will also lead to a protective restart.
② The damage of the first-level and second-level caches inside the CPU is a common failure of the CPU. Slightly damaged ones can still be started, and can enter the normal desktop for normal operation. When running some software with high I/O throughput (media playing, games, plane /3D drawing), it will restart or crash.
Solution: Shield the second-level cache (L2) or the first-level cache (L 1) in CMOS, or replace the CPU to eliminate it.
4. Automatic restart caused by 4. AGP graphics card and PCI card (network card, cat)
① The nonstandard or poor quality of the external card leads to the failure of the reset signal of the AGP/PCI bus, which leads to the system restart.
(2) There is a situation that the system restarts due to the looseness of the graphics card and the network card.
5. When connecting to a faulty or incompatible external device, the parallel port, serial port and USB interface will automatically restart.
① Peripheral failure or incompatibility, such as printer parallel port damage, one pin short circuit to ground, USB device short circuit to ground, pin definition and signal level incompatibility, etc.
② The jitter of external equipment is too large when it is hot-plugged, resulting in instantaneous short circuit of signal or power supply.
6. The internal circuit or chip of the optical drive is damaged.
The optical drive is damaged, and most of them can't be read/engraved. There is also a sudden restart of the host due to internal circuit or chip damage during work. The CD-ROM drive itself is poorly designed, and there is a Bug in FireWare. It also causes a reboot when reading the disc.
7. The reset switch problem on the front panel of the chassis.
The reset key on the front panel of the chassis is actually a normally open switch, and the reset signal on the motherboard is a +5V level signal, which is connected to the reset switch. When the switch is closed, the +5V level is grounded, and the signal level drops to 0V, which triggers the system to reset and restart, and the reset switch returns to the normally open position, at which time the reset signal returns to the +5V level. If the reset key is damaged, the switch is always in the closed position, and the reset signal is always 0V, the system will not be able to power on for self-test. When the elasticity of the reset switch is weakened and the button is not easy to bounce when pressed, the switch will be easily closed with a slight vibration. Resulting in a system reset and restart.
Solution: Replace the reset switch.
There is also a short circuit in the reset switch lead in the chassis, which leads to the automatic restart of the host.
8. Motherboard failure
It is rare for the motherboard to cause an automatic restart. Generally, the circuit related to reset is faulty; Socket and slot have virtual welding and poor contact; Individual chips, capacitors and other components are damaged.
Third, other reasons.
1. The power supply voltage is unstable.
① The working voltage range of computer switching power supply is generally 170V-240V. When the power supply voltage is lower than 170V, the computer will automatically restart or shut down.
Solution: add voltage regulator (not UPS) or 130-260 V wide switching power supply.
(2) If high-power appliances such as computers, air conditioners and refrigerators use patch panels, when these appliances are started, the voltage supplied to computers will be greatly affected, which is often manifested in system restart.
The solution is to separate their power cords.
2. Strong magnetic interference
Don't underestimate electromagnetic interference. Many times, our computer crashes and restarts are also caused by interference. These interferences come from CPU fans, chassis fans, graphics cards, motherboards and hard disks inside the chassis, as well as external power cords, inverter air conditioners and even large equipment such as automobiles. If our host has poor interference performance or poor shielding, the host will restart unexpectedly or crash frequently.
3. Incorrect connection of AC power cord.
Some users directly ground the zero line of the power supply line (not the zero line of the electric energy meter), which leads to automatic restart, because the interference signal is introduced from the ground line.
4. The plug-in or power socket is of poor quality and poor contact.
After the power socket is used for a period of time, the elasticity of the reed slowly loses, which leads to poor contact between the plug and the reed, constant change of resistance and fluctuation of current, and the system will naturally be unstable. Once the current fails to meet the minimum requirements for system operation, the computer will restart. The solution is to buy a good socket with qualified quality.
5. Too much dust causes the reset line of the motherboard to be short-circuited and automatically restarted.
Other answers
There are so many blue screen information in Windows 2K/XP that an article can't explain it clearly. However, the reasons usually focus on incompatible hardware and drivers, problematic software, viruses and so on. So first, I will provide you with some conventional solutions, and when you encounter a blue screen error, first eliminate it.
1. Start over
Sometimes it's just that a program or driver has made a mistake for a while and will turn over a new leaf after restarting. (Note: See 7. The stop code is being queried at this time)
2. New hardware
First, you should check whether the new hardware is plugged in firmly. This problem, which is ignored by many people, often leads to many inexplicable failures. If there is no problem, unplug it, try another slot and install the latest driver. At the same time, you should check whether the hardware is compatible with the operating system according to the hardware compatibility category of Microsoft website. If your hardware is not in the list, you should get the website of the hardware manufacturer to inquire or call their consultation number.
3. New drivers and new services
If you just installed a new driver for a piece of hardware or software, and it added corresponding items (such as antivirus software, CPU cooling software, firewall software, etc.). ) to the system service, blue screen failure occurs during restart or use, please enter safe mode to uninstall or disable them.
Check for viruses
Viruses such as shock waves and oscillating waves sometimes cause the blue screen of Windows to die, so antivirus is needed. At the same time, some Trojan spyware can also cause blue screen, so it is best to scan and check with related tools.
5. Check the BIOS and hardware compatibility.
For newly installed computers, blue screen problems often occur. You should check and upgrade the BIOS to the latest version, and at the same time close related items in memory, such as caching and mapping. In addition, you should check your hardware according to Microsoft's hardware compatibility list. Moreover, if the motherboard BIOS can't support the large-capacity hard disk, it will also lead to a blue screen and need to be upgraded.
Tip:
Cache and mapping items of BIOS
Video BIOS shadow (video BIOS mapping)
Hide Address Range (Map Address Column)
System BIOS can be cached (system BIOS buffer)
Video BIOS cacheable (video BIOS buffer)
Video RAM can be cached (video memory buffer)
6. Check the system log
At the beginning-> Enter EventVwr.msc in the menu and enter "Event Viewer". Note the items that indicate "errors" in the System Log and the Application Log.
7. Query stop code
Write down many electronic texts on the blue screen, then surf the Internet on other computers and enter the Microsoft Help and Support website? Enter the shutdown code in "Search (Knowledge Base)" in the upper left corner. If the search results are not suitable for the information, you can choose "English Knowledge Base" to search again. Generally speaking, you will find useful solutions here. In addition, in Baidu, Google and other search engines, using the stop code of blue screen or the explanatory text behind it as keywords often leads to unexpected gains.
8. Last correct configuration
Usually, a blue screen appears after updating the hardware driver or adding new hardware and installing its driver. At this time, the last correct configuration provided by Windows 2K/XP is a shortcut to solve the blue screen. Restart the system, press F8 when the startup menu appears, and then select Last Good Configuration.
9. Install the latest system patches and service packs.
Some blue screens are caused by defects in Windows itself, which can be solved by installing the latest system patches and Service Pack.
The meaning and solution of blue screen code
1, 0x000000a: irql _ non _ less than _ or _ equal to.
◆ Error analysis: It is mainly caused by driver failure, defective or incompatible software and hardware. From a technical point of view, this shows that IRQL in kernel mode is too high to access memory addresses that it has no access to.
◇ Solution: Please use the 2, 3, 5, 8 and 9 solutions mentioned above to eliminate them as much as possible.
2. 0x000000 12: trap _ cause _ unknown
◆ Error analysis: If you encounter this error message, unfortunately, the result of KeBudCheck analysis is the cause of the error.
Unknown.
Solution: Since Microsoft can't help you, you have to rely on yourself. Please carefully recall when this error occurred; What did you do to the system when it first happened? What happened when it happened? Find out the possible reasons from this information, then choose the corresponding solution and try to eliminate it.
3. 0x000000 1A: memory management
Error analysis: This memory management error is often caused by hardware, such as newly installed hardware and memory itself.
Solution: If it appears when installing Windows, it may be because your computer cannot meet the minimum memory and disk requirements for installing Windows.
4、0x 000000 1E:KMODE _ EXCEPTION _ NOT _ HANDLED
◆ Error analysis: The Windows kernel has detected an illegal or unknown process instruction. This shutdown code is generally caused by a memory failure or a reason similar to the previous 0x0000000A.
◇ Solution:
(1) Hardware compatibility problem: Please check whether all the hardware is included in the latest hardware compatibility list mentioned above.
(2) Conflict between device driver, system service or memory and interrupt: If the name of the driver appears in the blue screen information, please try to disable or delete the driver in the installation mode or the recovery console, and disable all newly installed drivers and software. If the error occurs during system startup, please enter safe mode and rename or delete the file indicated in the blue screen message.
(3) If the error message clearly indicates that Win32K.sys: it is probably caused by a third-party remote control software, you need to shut down the service of the software from the fault recovery console.
(4) When you restart for the first time after installing Windows, the biggest possibility is that the disk space of the system partition is insufficient or there is a problem with BIOS compatibility.
(5) If it happens when a software is shut down, it is likely that the software has saved design defects, please upgrade or uninstall it.
Answer adoption rate: 22.7% 2008-07-02 08:53
Report to the authorities
First, the blue screen failure caused by software
1. Blue screen failure caused by damage or loss of important files (including viruses).
For example: VxD (Virtual Device Driver) or. . DLL in Win98? Dynamic link library? If important files are lost, the situation will generally be more serious, and there will be a "blue screen warning"
Solution 1: Write down the lost or damaged file name? Use the "Ext" command in the Win98 startup disk to extract and recover the damaged or lost files from the Win98 installation disk. The steps are as follows:
(1) Start the computer with the Win98 startup disk, and type the "Ext" command at the prompt.
(2) After the prompt "Please enter the path of Windows Cab file (a):", enter the complete path where the Win98 installation package is located, such as "f? \ p win 98 \ win 98 ",and then press enter.
(3) After the prompt "Please enter the name of the file you want to decompress:", enter the name of the missing file you wrote down, such as "Bios". Vxd "and press Enter.
(4) After the unzipping path prompts "Please Enter the path to unzip ('enter' indicates the current directory:)", enter the complete path to which the file will be unzipped, such as "C? \ \Windows\System "and press Enter.
(5) Finally, a confirmation prompt "Is this ok? (y/n): ",enter" y "and press Enter. The "Ext" program will automatically find the CAB compressed package in the installation disk and release the file to the specified location.
(6) Just restart.
Solution 2: Use antivirus software to kill viruses. Some viruses may damage registry keys? After antivirus, the registry should restore the backup before poisoning.
Solution 3: If you can start the graphical interface, you can reinstall the drivers of the motherboard and graphics card, and perform a "system file scan" to recover the damaged or lost files. What is the method of "system document scanning"? Click Start/Programs/Accessories/System Tools/System Information/Tools/System File Checker, and then scan the changed files.
2. The registry is damaged, which leads to file pointing error and blue screen.
For example: unauthorized changes to the registry (including artificial changes and automatic replacement during software installation)? The phenomenon is that a blue screen appears when the program is opened or called, and an error message (including a file name error) is displayed on the screen.
Solution 1: Restore the backup.
(1) Click Start/Shutdown/Restart the computer to switch to MS-DOS mode, and then click Yes;
(2) Enter the Windows directory. For example, if your Windows is installed in "C? \ \Windows "directory, you should type the following? “CD C？ \ \WINDOWS "and press Enter;
(3) Type "SCANREG\RESTORE" and press Enter.
(4) According to the above steps, the registry can be restored to the state when the computer was last started.
Solution 2: Delete the key value.
If a blue screen appears after uninstalling the program, the author concludes that the fault is caused by imperfect uninstallation of the program. Solving this kind of problem is simple. First, you should write down the wrong file name, and then go to the registry to find the following branch "HKEY _ Local _ Machine \ System".
\ Current Control Set \ Service \VxD. Enter the file name in "Search" and delete the found key value. At this point, don't forget to back up the registry!
Typical case: the author crashes in the middle of deleting Kingsoft Internet Security, and a blue screen appears as soon as he sees the icon on the desktop after restarting, accompanied by an error message. The error message mentions that the file kavkrnl.vxd cannot be found. According to the first two characters of the file name, the author first determines that the file is not a system file of Win98, and the virtual device driver of Kingsoft Internet Security should start with Ka. Basically, it is judged that the file points to an error, so it is decided to delete its corresponding key value in the registry. Enter "Kavkrnl.vxd" in the search of Registry Editor, and put "HKEY _ local _ _
The corresponding primary key value in machine \ system \ currentcontrolset \ services \ vxd "was deleted, and the fault was eliminated after restarting.
3.3. The resulting "blue screen". Error in System.ini file.
Example: An error caused by the failure to update the System.ini file immediately after the software is uninstalled or installed.
Solution: Disable this item in the registry, or reinstall the corresponding software or driver.
The blue screen caused by the imperfection of 4.4. Win98 itself.
Example: sp 1 of Win98 and Vxd_fix.exe patch of Microsoft play an important role in the stability of Win98.
Solution: Go and download it, for example, Nanjing Station of Huajun.com /win /Win98SP 1.htm? Win98sp 1？ And /windows98vxdpatch.htm? Vxd_fix.exe？ .
5. The exhaustion of system resources leads to blue screen failure.
Example: Blue screen failure often happens when doing big homework or saving and copying, and it often happens suddenly. The reason for this failure is mainly related to the occupation of three piles of resources (system resources, user resources and GDI resources).
Solution: Open the resource status monitor to see the remaining resources. If your three resources are all at 50% or even lower, it is easy to have failures such as "illegal operation", "blue screen" and "crash". Therefore, we must reduce the waste of resources, reduce unnecessary program loading, and avoid running large-scale programs (graphics, sound and video software) at the same time, such as loading task planning programs, input methods and sound indicators, DOS drivers for sound cards, system monitoring programs, and so on.
Blue screen failure caused by 6.6. DirectX problem.
For example: (1)DirectX version is too low or too high; (2) The game is incompatible or unsupported; (3) Loss of important auxiliary documents; (4) The graphics card is not supported.
Solution: Upgrade or reinstall DirectX. If the graphics card doesn't support a higher version of DirectX, your graphics card is really too old. Try to update the BIOS and drivers of the graphics card, or you will have to spend money to upgrade the graphics card.
Second, the blue screen failure caused by hardware
1. Blue screen caused by memory overclocking or instability.
Example: random blue screen.
Solution: Run at normal frequency first, if there is any problem. Finding a good memory stick to replace the fault can generally be solved. Then pay attention to the heat dissipation of the memory when the CPU is close to the memory.
2. Blue screen caused by poor hardware compatibility.
The advantage of compatibility machine is high cost performance, but the disadvantage is that when assembling, users can't conduct a series of compatibility tests because they don't have perfect monitoring means and corresponding knowledge, thus leaving hidden dangers in the future use process.
Example: When upgrading memory, the failure caused by mixing different specifications of memory chips.
Solution: Pay attention to the differences of manufacturers, memory granules and batch numbers of memory chips. It is often because of the difference of main parameters of each memory stick that it leads to blue screen or crash, or even more serious memory failure. You can also change the slot where the memory module is inserted. If the memory module still doesn't work properly, it must be replaced. Let me remind you that memory plays a very important role in the whole microcomputer system, and its quality will directly affect the stability of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the purchase of memory, and it is best to be accompanied by an insider to avoid buying notes transmitted by notes or notes with low frequency.
3. The "blue screen" failure caused by hardware cooling.
For example, the failure of microcomputer in heat dissipation often has a certain rule, which usually appears after the microcomputer has been running for a period of time, showing a blue screen or random restart. The main cause of the failure is data reading and transmission errors caused by overheating.
Solution: Overfrequency will be reduced, and overtemperature will be cooled. Actually, not all faults are so complicated. Sometimes the problem can be solved well from a simple point of view? You should learn to draw inferences from others.
4. Blue screen phenomenon caused by I/O conflict.
Solution: This phenomenon rarely occurs. If so, you can delete the tape from the system! Number or? The number of the device name, restart the computer for confirmation, or ask the host to allocate system resources manually.
Everything should be nip in the bud. The following are some experiences summarized by the author for your reference:
1? Manually back up important registry files regularly, so as to avoid irretrievable errors caused by failure to replace them with backup files in time after system errors.
2? Try to avoid abnormal shutdown and reduce the loss of important files. For example. Vxd.dll files.
3? For ordinary users, as long as they can run normally, there is no need to upgrade the BIOS and drivers of the graphics card and motherboard to avoid the harm caused by the upgrade.
4? Check the optimized system files regularly, run the system file checker to check the file loss and proofread the version. See the relevant introduction above for the inspection steps.
5? Reduce the installation of useless software, and try not to manually uninstall or delete programs to reduce the occurrence of illegal file replacement and file pointing errors.
6? If the memory is not particularly large, its management program is also excellent, try to avoid running large programs at the same time. If there is a rustle when listening to MP3, you can basically judge that the fault is caused by insufficient memory.
Answer adoption rate: 42.5% 2008-07-02 08:54
Report to the authorities
Hardware:
1: The most common problem with blue screens is memory:
First open the case, pull out the memory module, and then insert it with an eraser and a golden finger.
If the chassis is dusty and has not been cleaned for a long time, it is best to clean it.
Pay attention to the heat dissipation of the memory, and don't let the memory temperature get too high.
By the way, clean the memory stick with a brush and a hair dryer before inserting it.
2. Check the temperature and heat dissipation of CPU.
Check whether the fan speed is too slow or uneven, and add some lubricating oil to the fan. .
Clean the dust of the fan with a brush and a blower, and pay attention to the heat dissipation of the chassis.
If the CPU temperature is too high, it is usually caused by the fan. Try a new one if necessary.
3. Hardware incompatibility is generally the incompatibility between memory and motherboard/graphics card and motherboard/power supply and motherboard. You'd better go to the computer shop to find a professional maintenance person to check this problem.
The easiest way to test the quality of hardware is to take it down and try it on another good machine.
Two: the system caused by hardware conflict (this is relatively rare)
My Computer-Right-click Properties-Hardware-Device Manager-Check for devices with yellow question marks or exclamation marks. If so, please try to delete it first, and then restart the computer.
Three: system problems
See if the startup items are loaded too much. If so, it is best to close some unnecessary programs and services: start-run-enter msconfig- start all programs except ctfmon and antivirus software.
In addition, there are too many hard disk fragments, which can easily lead to a "blue screen": open my computer -C disk properties-tools-sort out all disk fragments.
Four: virus (antivirus)
Antivirus software must be virus-free when it detects the existence of virus. Virus Trojans are rampant now. General antivirus software can't completely and accurately judge that Rising can detect viruses, but some Trojans or malware may not be completely detected. At this time, it needs to be used with some auxiliary software. I recommend: 360 security guards detect Trojans and remove malicious software from the system.