(A) the specific content of the organization fee
1, staffing costs.
(1) Staff's labor expenses: specifically, it includes salary expenses such as staff's salary and bonus, as well as various social insurances that should be paid. Welfare expenses incurred during the preparation period, such as medical expenses, can be truthfully charged if the preparation period is short, and employee welfare expenses can be accrued according to 14% of the total salary if the preparation period is long.
(2) Travel expenses: including local transportation expenses and foreign travel expenses.
(3) Directors' dues and joint committee dues
2. Notarization fee for enterprise registration: mainly including registration fee, capital verification fee, tax registration fee and notarization fee.
3. Financing cost: mainly refers to the handling fee paid by financing and the exchange gains and losses and interest not included in fixed assets and intangible assets.
4. Personnel training fee: There are two main situations.
(1) The imported equipment and technology need to be digested and absorbed, and the expenses for sending some employees to study abroad during the preparation period.
(2) Labor expenses and related expenses for hiring experts for technical guidance and training.
5. Amortization, scrapping and damage of enterprise assets.
6. Other expenses
(1) Office expenses, advertising expenses and entertainment expenses incurred during the preparation period.
(2) Stamp duty
(three) the feasibility study expenses confirmed by the investor and borne by the enterprise.
(4) Other expenses related to the preparation, such as data investigation fees, legal fees, document printing fees, communication fees, celebration gifts, etc.
(2) Expenditure not included in the scope of organization expenses.
1, expenses incurred in acquiring various assets. Including transportation costs, installation costs, insurance premiums and related labor costs incurred during the purchase and construction of fixed assets and intangible assets.
2, the provisions should be borne by all parties to the investment costs. Such as travel expenses, consulting fees, hospitality, etc. Expenses incurred by investors for investigation and negotiation to set up enterprises. The China Municipal Government also stipulates that the entertainment expenses incurred by inviting foreign businessmen to negotiate business during the negotiation of Sino-foreign joint ventures shall not be listed as the start-up expenses of the enterprises, and shall be borne by the invited enterprises.
3. Expenditures such as fixed assets and intangible assets purchased and built for training employees shall not be listed as organization expenses.
4. The interest paid by investors to raise funds by themselves with invested capital shall be included in the start-up expenses and shall be borne by investors themselves.
5. The handling fee paid for depositing foreign currency cash in the bank shall be borne by the investor.
(3) Determination of preparation period
The determination of the preparation period of Chinese enterprises is greatly influenced by the tax law. For example, the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Income Tax Law of Foreign-funded Enterprises stipulates that "the preparation period of a foreign-funded enterprise shall be from the date when the enterprise is approved for preparation to the date when it starts production and operation (including trial production)". The above-mentioned "approved preparation date" specifically refers to the date after the enterprise signed the investment agreement and the date when the contract was approved by the China Municipal Government. The above-mentioned "date of starting production and operation (including trial production)" specifically refers to the end of the preparation period of the enterprise from the date when the equipment of the enterprise starts to operate, and the product is manufactured or the same first product is sold. Other enterprises can refer to this provision.
(d) The start-up expenses are generally amortized for five years, and the new enterprise accounting system stipulates that the start-up expenses should be amortized once.
If you find it troublesome, it is the fee before you grant the business license and issue the first invoice.
How to deal with the organization expenses in accounting?
Office expenses refer to various expenses incurred by an enterprise during the preparation period, including staff salaries, office expenses, training fees, travel expenses, printing fees, registration fees, and exchange gains and losses and interest expenses that are not included in the acquisition and construction costs of fixed assets and intangible assets. The preparation period refers to the period from the date when the enterprise is approved to start production and operation (including trial production and trial operation).
The following expenses incurred by the enterprise shall not be included in the start-up expenses:
(1) Expenses borne by investors;
(2) expenditures incurred in obtaining various fixed assets and intangible assets;
(3) Exchange gains and losses, interest expenses, etc. This should be included in the asset value in the preparation stage.
The Accounting System for Enterprises (No.25 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance) has greatly adjusted the amortization period of the organization expenses. According to the original industry accounting system, the start-up expenses incurred by an enterprise should be amortized in equal installments within a period of no more than five years from the month of production and operation. Article 50 of the Accounting System for Enterprises stipulates: "Except for the purchase and construction of fixed assets, all expenses incurred during the preparation period shall be collected in the long-term deferred expenses and included in the profits and losses of the month when the enterprise starts production and operation. If the enterprise manager predicts that the amortized expense item cannot benefit the future accounting period, it shall transfer all the amortized value of the item that has not been amortized to the current profit and loss. " It can be seen that the accounting treatment of organization expenses, no matter from the setting of accounting subjects or amortization period, has great changes with the original industry financial system. This new regulation is quite different from the current income tax laws and regulations. Article 34 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulations on Enterprise Income Tax stipulates that the start-up expenses incurred by an enterprise during the preparation period shall be deducted by stages within a period of not less than five years from the next month of the month when it starts production and operation. Therefore, the one-time amortization start-up expenses in the month of production and operation of an enterprise should be deducted in five years from the month after production and operation. When taxpayers declare income tax at the end of the year, they should do a good job in tax adjustment and establish a "pre-tax deduction account for start-up expenses" or a reference register to lay a good foundation for accurate declaration of pre-tax deduction (reduction) in future years.
Example: A joint-stock company started production and operation in July of 200 1 year, and the upfront expenses incurred in the previous period totaled 960,000 yuan. When amortizing the initial expenses in July, the accounting entries are as follows:
Borrow: management expenses-organization expenses are amortized by 960,000 yuan.
Loan: Long-term deferred expenses-organization expenses of 960,000 yuan.
Pre-tax deduction allowed this year = 960,000 yuan/5 years12 months ×5 months = 8 (10,000 yuan), and the income to be increased = 96-8 = 88 (10,000 yuan);
Reduced annual income from 2002 to 2005 = 96 ÷ 5 = 19.2 (ten thousand yuan);
Income to be reduced in 2006 = 960,000 yuan ÷5 years ÷ 12 months ×7 months = 1 1.2 (ten thousand yuan).
The setup of tax adjustment ledger for organization expenses is as follows:
Pre-tax deduction ledger for organizational expenses
Unit: 10,000 yuan
Account filling instructions:
1. year: amortization date refers to the year and month when production and operation started, and so on in subsequent years.
2. Accounting amortization amount: refers to the total amount of organization expenses amortized in accounting.
3. Pre-tax deduction: refers to the amount allowed to be deducted before tax in this year according to the provisions of the tax law.
4. Tax adjustment: tax adjustment = accounting amortization-pre-tax deduction. The result is that positive numbers are increased income and negative numbers are decreased income.
5. Non-deducted amount: refers to the amount allowed to be deducted before tax in future years. The amount not deducted in the first year is filled in according to the tax adjustment of this year, and the amount not deducted in subsequent years = the amount not deducted in the previous period-the pre-tax deduction of this year.
Scope of organization expenses.
Specific content of organization expenses
1, staffing costs.
(1) Staff's labor expenses: specifically, it includes salary expenses such as staff's salary and bonus, as well as various social insurances that should be paid. Welfare expenses incurred during the preparation period, such as medical expenses, can be truthfully charged if the preparation period is short, and employee welfare expenses can be accrued according to 14% of the total salary if the preparation period is long.
(2) Travel expenses: including local transportation expenses and foreign travel expenses.
(3) Directors' dues and joint committee dues
2. Notarization fee for enterprise registration: mainly including registration fee, capital verification fee, tax registration fee and notarization fee.
3. Financing cost: mainly refers to the handling fee paid by financing and the exchange gains and losses and interest not included in fixed assets and intangible assets.
4. Personnel training fee: There are two main situations.
(1) The imported equipment and technology need to be digested and absorbed, and the expenses for sending some employees to study abroad during the preparation period.
(2) Labor expenses and related expenses for hiring experts for technical guidance and training.
5. Amortization, scrapping and damage of enterprise assets.
6. Other expenses
(1) Office expenses, advertising expenses and entertainment expenses incurred during the preparation period.
(2) Stamp duty
(three) the feasibility study expenses confirmed by the investor and borne by the enterprise.
(4) Other expenses related to the preparation, such as data investigation fees, legal fees, document printing fees, communication fees, celebration gifts, etc.
Expenditure not included in the scope of organization expenses
1, expenses incurred in acquiring various assets. Including transportation costs, installation costs, insurance premiums and related labor costs incurred during the purchase and construction of fixed assets and intangible assets.
2, the provisions should be borne by all parties to the investment costs. Such as travel expenses, consulting fees, hospitality, etc. Expenses incurred by investors for investigation and negotiation to set up enterprises. The China Municipal Government also stipulates that the entertainment expenses incurred by inviting foreign businessmen to negotiate business during the negotiation of Sino-foreign joint ventures shall not be listed as the start-up expenses of the enterprises, and shall be borne by the invited enterprises.
3. Expenditures such as fixed assets and intangible assets purchased and built for training employees shall not be listed as organization expenses.
4. The interest paid by investors to raise funds by themselves with invested capital is not included in the start-up expenses, and shall be borne by investors themselves.
5. The handling fee paid for depositing foreign currency cash in the bank shall be borne by the investor.
Determination of preparation period
The determination of the preparation period of Chinese enterprises is greatly influenced by the tax law. For example, the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Income Tax Law of Foreign-funded Enterprises stipulates that "the preparation period of a foreign-funded enterprise shall be from the date when the enterprise is approved for preparation to the date when it starts production and operation (including trial production)". The above-mentioned "approved preparation date" specifically refers to the date after the enterprise signed the investment agreement and the date when the contract was approved by the China Municipal Government. The above-mentioned "date of starting production and operation (including trial production)" specifically refers to the end of the preparation period of the enterprise from the date when the equipment of the enterprise starts to operate, and the product is manufactured or the same first product is sold. Other enterprises can refer to this provision.
Amortization of start-up expenses
The start-up expenses are generally amortized for five years, and the new enterprise accounting system stipulates that the start-up expenses should be amortized once.
Accounting treatment of start-up expenses
Accounting treatment method of organization expenses
The Accounting System for Enterprises (No.25 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance) has greatly adjusted the amortization period of the organization expenses. According to the original industry accounting system, the start-up expenses incurred by an enterprise should be amortized in equal installments within a period of no more than five years from the month of production and operation. Article 50 of the Accounting System for Enterprises stipulates: "Except for the purchase and construction of fixed assets, all expenses incurred during the preparation period shall be collected in the long-term deferred expenses and included in the profits and losses of the month when the enterprise starts production and operation. If the enterprise manager predicts that the amortized expense item cannot benefit the future accounting period, it shall transfer all the amortized value of the item that has not been amortized to the current profit and loss. " It can be seen that the accounting treatment of organization expenses, no matter from the setting of accounting subjects or amortization period, has great changes with the original industry financial system. This new regulation is quite different from the current income tax laws and regulations. Article 34 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulations on Enterprise Income Tax stipulates that the start-up expenses incurred by an enterprise during the preparation period shall be deducted by stages within a period of not less than five years from the next month of the month when it starts production and operation. Therefore, the one-time amortization start-up expenses in the month of production and operation of an enterprise should be deducted in five years from the month after production and operation. When taxpayers declare income tax at the end of the year, they should do a good job in tax adjustment and establish a "pre-tax deduction account for start-up expenses" or a reference register to lay a good foundation for accurate declaration of pre-tax deduction (reduction) in future years.
An example of accounting treatment of organization expenses
Example: A joint-stock company started production and operation in July of 200 1 year, and the upfront expenses incurred in the previous period totaled 960,000 yuan. When amortizing the initial expenses in July, the accounting entries are as follows:
Borrow: management expenses-organization expenses are amortized by 960,000 yuan.
Loan: Long-term deferred expenses-organization expenses of 960,000 yuan.
Pre-tax deduction allowed this year = 960,000 yuan/5 years12 months ×6 months = 9.6 (10,000 yuan), and the income to be increased = 96-9.6 = 86.4 (10,000 yuan);
Reduced annual income from 2002 to 2005 = 96 ÷ 5 = 19.2 (ten thousand yuan);
Income to be reduced in 2006 = 960,000 yuan ÷5 years ÷ 12 months ×6 months = 9.6 (ten thousand yuan).
The setup of tax adjustment ledger for organization expenses is as follows:
Pre-tax deduction ledger for organizational expenses
Unit: 10,000 yuan
Account filling instructions:
1. year: amortization date, which refers to the year when production and operation started, and so on in subsequent years.
2. Accounting amortization amount: refers to the total amount of organization expenses amortized in accounting.
3. Pre-tax deduction: refers to the amount allowed to be deducted before tax in this year according to the provisions of the tax law.
4. Tax adjustment: tax adjustment = accounting amortization-pre-tax deduction. The result is that positive numbers are increased income and negative numbers are decreased income.
5. Non-deducted amount: refers to the amount allowed to be deducted before tax in future years. The amount not deducted in the first year is filled in according to the tax adjustment of this year, and the amount not deducted in subsequent years = the amount not deducted in the previous period-the pre-tax deduction of this year.
Accounting of start-up expenses
theory
Organization expenses refer to the expenses incurred by an enterprise during the preparation period, including personnel salaries, office expenses, training fees, travel expenses, printing fees, registration fees, and exchange gains and losses and interest expenses that are not included in the acquisition and construction costs of fixed assets and intangible assets. The preparation period refers to the period from the date when the enterprise is approved to start production and operation (including trial production and trial operation).
The following expenses incurred by the enterprise shall not be included in the start-up expenses:
(1) Expenses borne by investors;
(2) expenditures incurred in obtaining various fixed assets and intangible assets;
(3) Exchange gains and losses, interest expenses, etc. This should be included in the asset value in the preparation stage.
The Accounting System for Enterprises (No.25 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance) has greatly adjusted the amortization period of the organization expenses. According to the original industry accounting system, the start-up expenses incurred by an enterprise should be amortized in equal installments within a period of no more than five years from the month of production and operation. Article 50 of the Accounting System for Enterprises stipulates: "Except for the purchase and construction of fixed assets, all expenses incurred during the preparation period shall be collected in the long-term deferred expenses and included in the profits and losses of the month when the enterprise starts production and operation. If the enterprise manager predicts that the amortized expense item cannot benefit the future accounting period, it shall transfer all the amortized value of the item that has not been amortized to the current profit and loss. " It can be seen that the accounting treatment of organization expenses, no matter from the setting of accounting subjects or amortization period, has great changes with the original industry financial system. This new regulation is quite different from the current income tax laws and regulations.
Financial and tax treatment of physical start-up expenses
Example: On May 1 2004, the shareholders of ABC Company signed an agreement to set up a processing enterprise, and the factory was set up in September 2004. In June of the same year 1 1 obtained the business license of legal person, and in September of 2005 1, some factories began to use, trial-produce products and sell them, but some factories are still under construction, and the factories used are the same as those under construction. In April, 2006, all the workshops were completed and production and sales officially started. May 2004 1 to September 2005 1, personnel salaries, office expenses, training fees, travel expenses, printing fees, registration fees, etc. The total is 6 million yuan. Assuming that the enterprise's future income tax rate remains unchanged at 33%, the annual pre-tax accounting profit is 6,543,800,000 yuan (no other tax adjustment). The Company adopts the deferred method.
Signed an agreement to start the factory, obtained the business license of legal person, put some factories into use, and completed the trial production and sales of all factories.
And officially produced and sold.
2004/5/ 1 2004/9/ 1 2004/ 1 1/ 1 1 2005/9/ 1 2006/4/7
1, the definition of ABC company's organization expenses.
According to the above discussion, the preparation period of ABC Company is May 1 day, 2004 to September 1 day, 2005. Organization expenses refer to salary, office expenses, training fees, travel expenses, printing fees, registration fees, etc. The expenses incurred during the above period totaled 6 million yuan.
2. Accounting amortization of 2.ABC company's start-up expenses
According to the accounting system, ABC Co., Ltd. started production and operation in September 2005, and the start-up expenses should be amortized within one month. The accounting entries are as follows:
Borrow: Management expenses-organization expenses are amortized by 6 million yuan.
Loan: Long-term prepaid expenses-organization expenses 6 million yuan.
3. Tax treatment of organization expenses
ABC Co., Ltd. has set up the following tax adjustment account for start-up expenses (unit: 10,000 yuan):
The year when the project start-up expenses are actually incurred or deducted.
20 10 in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009
Accounting amortization amount 600 0 0 0 0 0
Tax deduction 30120120120120 90
Tax adjustment amount 570-120-120-120-120-90
The amount not deducted is 570 450 330 2 10 90 0.
① ① Tax Treatment of ①①ABC Co., Ltd. in 2005
Pre-tax deduction allowed in 2005 = 6 million yuan ÷5 years ÷ 12 months ×3 months (10,1,12 months from the month of production and operation) = 300,000 yuan.
Taxable income in 2005 = 600-30 = 570 (ten thousand yuan).
Deductible amount of time difference income tax in 2005 =570×33%= 188. 1 (ten thousand yuan). The accounting entries are as follows:
Borrow: income tax is 3.3 million yuan.
Deferred tax 188 1 ten thousand yuan
Loan: taxes payable-income tax payable is 565,438+086,5438+00,000 yuan.
② The tax treatment of ②ABC Company Limited from 2006 to 2009.
The taxable income to be reduced every year = 600 ÷ 5 = 120 (ten thousand yuan).
Deductible time difference income tax impact amount = 120×33%=39.6 (ten thousand yuan). The accounting entries are as follows:
Borrow: income tax is 3.3 million yuan.
Loan: taxes payable-income tax payable is 2.904 million yuan.
Deferred tax is 396,000 yuan.
③ ③ Tax treatment of 20 10 of ③③ABC Co., Ltd.
Income to be reduced in 20 10 year = 6 million yuan/5 years12 months ×9 months = 90 (ten thousand yuan).
20 10, the deductible income tax impact amount =90×33%=29.7 (ten thousand yuan). The accounting entries are as follows:
Borrow: income tax is 3.3 million yuan.
Loan: taxes payable-income tax payable is 3.003 million yuan.
Deferred tax is 297,000 yuan.
To sum up, the key to correctly handle the start-up expenses is to correctly define the preparation period and content of the start-up expenses. For the content of expenses, it is necessary to set up detailed accounts, conduct detailed accounting and correctly collect them. It is strictly forbidden to include the loan interest, rent and other expenses that should be borne by the current period and the expenses that should be included in the value of fixed assets in the organization expenses. At the same time, the influence of timing difference should be correctly adjusted in the annual tax adjustment of organization expenses.
Provisions on start-up expenses
Accounting treatment of start-up expenses under the new standards
Since June 5438+1 October1day, 2007, the new accounting standards system (hereinafter referred to as the new standards) has been implemented in listed companies in China, and many enterprises (securities companies, insurance companies, central state-owned enterprises, enterprises in Shenzhen, etc.). ) has also implemented new standards. Compared with industry accounting system and enterprise accounting system, the accounting treatment of organization expenses in the new standard has changed to some extent.
From the accounting content and main accounting treatment of "management expenses" in the appendix of Accounting Standards for Enterprises-Application Guide (Caishui [2006] 18), we can see that the accounting treatment of organization expenses has the following characteristics:
1, which changed the previous practice of taking the start-up expenses as assets. Organization expenses are no longer "long-term deferred expenses" or "deferred assets", but direct expenses.
2. The new balance sheet does not reflect the "start-up expenses" item, that is, the information of start-up expenses is no longer disclosed.
3, clearly defined, the organization expenses in the "management expenses" account.
4. The accounting scope of the start-up expenses is unified, that is, the start-up expenses include the salary, office expenses, training fees, travel expenses, printing fees, registration fees, borrowing costs not included in the cost of fixed assets, etc.
5. Standardize the accounting procedure of the organization expenses, that is, the organization expenses are first accounted for in the "management expenses" subject, and then included in the current profit and loss, and are no longer amortized.
After the implementation of the new standards, newly established real estate development enterprises should handle the start-up expenses in strict accordance with the provisions of the new standards. This not only simplifies accounting, but also reflects accounting information more accurately. It is more appropriate to define the preparation period of real estate enterprises as from the date of approval to the date of establishment indicated in the business license.
Tax treatment of organization expenses under the new tax law
The Enterprise Income Tax Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and its implementing regulations (hereinafter referred to as the new tax law) have been implemented in China since June 65438+1 October12008. The new tax law not only unifies the income tax law applicable to domestic and foreign investors and reduces the income tax rate, but also makes great changes and breakthroughs in many aspects closely related to accounting, such as asset disposal and pre-tax deduction.
Article 34 of the original Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulations on Enterprise Income Tax stipulates that the start-up expenses incurred by an enterprise during the preparation period shall be deducted by stages within a period of not less than five years from the next month of the month in which it starts production and operation.
However, there is no statement about pre-tax deduction of organization expenses in the new tax law. Does it mean that there is no pre-tax deduction limit for start-up expenses?
Article 13 of the Enterprise Income Tax Law stipulates that when calculating the taxable income, the following expenses incurred by the enterprise are amortized as long-term deferred expenses according to the regulations (Article 70 of the Regulations for the Implementation of the Enterprise Income Tax Law clearly stipulates that the amortization period is not less than three years), and the deduction is allowed:
(1) Expenditure on the reconstruction of fully depreciated fixed assets;
(2) expenditure on renovation of rented fixed assets;
(3) Expenditure on major repairs of fixed assets;
(4) Other expenses that should be regarded as long-term deferred expenses.
Implement the provisions of the "Regulations" on start-up expenses.
As can be seen from the above, the "long-term deferred expenses" do not include the start-up expenses.
Article 68 of the Regulations for the Implementation of the Enterprise Income Tax Law explains and explains Article 13 of the Enterprise Income Tax Law, but there is no statement about pre-tax deduction of organization expenses. It can be seen that the new tax law has no restrictions on pre-tax deduction of organization expenses.
On April 25th, 2008, State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China gave an authoritative answer to the questions raised by netizens in the implementation of the new income tax law. Miao Huipin, deputy director of the income tax department, answered the question of "pre-tax deduction of start-up expenses" from netizens: "The new tax law no longer lists start-up expenses as long-term deferred expenses, which is consistent with accounting standards and accounting systems, that is, enterprises can deduct them in one lump sum from the current period of production and operation."
Newly established real estate development enterprises should handle the start-up expenses in accordance with the spirit of the new tax law, that is, they should be included in the current profits and losses without tax adjustment. For the expenses (management expenses, sales expenses and financial expenses) incurred before the sales income of commercial housing is obtained, starting from June 5438+ 10/0/in 2008, the practice of including them in "long-term deferred expenses" and deducting them for five years before tax must be abandoned to protect the legitimate rights and interests of real estate enterprises.
To sum up, the start-up expenses under the new standards are accounted for in the subject of "management expenses" and directly included in the current profit and loss; However, the tax treatment of start-up expenses under the new tax law is consistent with the new accounting standards, that is, enterprises deduct start-up expenses before tax in the current period. Therefore, the accounting treatment and tax treatment of "organization expenses" are no longer separated, but coordinated with each other. In the future, there will be no difference between accounting and taxation in terms of organization expenses, and of course there will be no tax adjustment.