1 broken pipe: according to the site mapping sketches, in the selection of the pipe on the drawing of the line, according to the line broken pipe.
a Break the pipe with a wheel saw, the pipe should be placed on the wheel saw caliper, aligned with the drawing of the line stuck firmly, to break the pipe. When breaking the pipe pressure handle force should be uniform, do not force too hard, after breaking the pipe to the pipe mouth section of the iron film, burr removal.
b Hand saw broken pipe, should be fixed in the pressure case of the pressure clamp, the saw blade aligned with the drawing line, both hands to push the saw, the saw blade should be kept perpendicular to the axis of the pipe, push and pull the saw force should be uniform, the saw mouth to the end of the saw, not to be twisted or broken to prevent deformation of the section of the pipe mouth.
2 sets of silk: the broken pipe, according to the size of the pipe diameter sub-set of silk buckle, generally 15-32mm diameter sets of silk 2 times, 40-50mm sets of silk 3 times, more than 70mm sets of silk 3-4 times is appropriate.
a With the lasso machine lasso, the pipe will be clamped on the lasso machine chuck, leaving the appropriate length of the chuck clamping, align the plate set number, on the plate teeth, according to the diameter of the pipe on the appropriate position of the scale, tighten the fixed trigger, the lubricant tube aligned with the silk head, boot push the plate, to be set to the appropriate length of the silk buckle, gently loosen the trigger.
b with a manual set of silk plate silk, the first to loosen the fixed trigger, the set of silk plate plate plate back to zero degrees, according to the sequence of number on the plate teeth, the plate plate aligned with the required scale, tighten the fixed trigger, the pipe on the pressure case pressure clamp, leaving the appropriate length of the card tight, the set of silk plate gently into the pipe, so that it is loose and tight, and then push the set of silk plate with both hands, with 2-3 buckles, and then stood on the side of the wrench set of silk plate, the force should be uniform, to be the silk buckle is about to set the appropriate length, gently loosen the trigger. To be uniform, to be set into the wire buckle is about to be, gently release the trigger, boot back board, keep the wire buckle should be taper.
3 Fitting fittings: according to the site mapping sketch of the pipe has been set up a good silk buckle, fitted with fittings.
a Fitting fittings should be required fittings into the tube buckle, try the tightness (generally hand with 3 buckles is appropriate), in the buckle coated with lead oil, twisted hemp, and then tighten the fittings with pipe pliers, so that the wire buckle exposed 2-3 buckles, remove the head of the hemp, wipe off the lead oil, the number is placed in the appropriate position to wait for the straightening.
b According to the size of the pipe diameter of the fittings to choose the appropriate pipe pliers
4. Pipe section straightening: the pipe section has been fitted with pipe fittings, before the installation of straightening.
a In the installed pipe fittings of the pipe section buckle coated with lead oil, coupling two or more sections, coupling can not only focus on the direction of the reserved port to take care of the curvature of the pipe, each other to find the right and then the direction of the reserved port to the appropriate part and keep it straight.
b After the pipe section connection, before straightening must be checked according to the design drawings of the pipe diameter, the direction of the reserved port, the correct size of the part.
c Pipe straightening should be placed on the pipe adjusting frame or pipe adjusting platform, generally appropriate for two people to operate, one at the end of the pipe section visually, a person in the bending with a hammer, knocking, while observing until the straightening of the pipe section without bending until the point, and in the two sections of the pipe coupling point marked with a seal, unloading a paragraph or a number of segments, and then connected to another paragraph or a number of segments until the transfer is complete.
d For the pipe joints at the point of bending too dead or larger diameter pipe can be used oven or gas welding heated to 600-800 ℃ (fire-red), placed on the pipe rack will be constantly turning the pipe, the use of pipeline weight to make it straight, or with a wooden plate pad in the heating of the hammer to straighten the straightening of the straightening of the cooling before the non-stop rotation, such as the temperature will be to the appropriate time to heat the place to smear the machine oil.
Any wire buckle after heating and straightening, must be marked with a stamp, unloaded and re-coated with lead oil wrapped in hemp, and then tighten the pipe section aligned with the stamp.
e Fitted with a good valve pipe section, straightening should first remove the valve cover, the valve at the cushion and then knock to prevent cracking the valve body.
f Galvanized carbon steel pipe is not allowed to straighten by heating method.
g Pipe section straightening is not allowed to damage the pipe section.
Two, pipe flange connection (need to disassemble, and equipment valves, etc. connection)
2.1 Where the pipe section and the pipe section with a flange connection or pipe section and flange valve connection, must be in accordance with the design requirements and working pressure selection of standard flange.
2.2 The diameter and length of the coupling bolts of the flange should be in accordance with the specifications, and the bolts of the flange should be symmetrically tightened, and the exposed wire fasteners of the fastened bolts should be 2-3 buckles, and should not be larger than one-half of the diameter of the bolts.
2.3 Flange connection gasket, general water supply (cold water) with a thickness of 3mm rubber gasket, heating, steam, domestic hot water piping should be used for asbestos rubber gasket thickness of 3mm. Gasket to be concentric with the pipe diameter, shall not be put off.
Three, pipe welding
3.1 According to the design requirements, the working pressure of 0.1MPa above the steam pipe, the general diameter of more than 32mm heating pipes and high-rise building fire fighting pipeline can be used for electric and gas welding connections.
3.2 Pipe welding should be windproof, rain and snow measures, the ambient temperature of the welding area is lower than -20 ℃, the welded joints should be preheated, preheating temperature of 100-200 ℃, preheating length of 200-250mm.
3.3 General pipeline welding for the form of counterparts and group pairs.
3.4 Welding should be centered on the axis of the two tubes before welding, the first two tube ends spot welded firmly, the pipe diameter below 100mm can be spot welded three points, the pipe diameter of 150mm or more to spot weld four points is appropriate.
3.5 Pipe wall thickness of 5mm or more should be shovel bevel pipe end weld parts, such as gas welding processing pipe bevel, must remove the oxide skin on the surface of the bevel, and will affect the welding quality of the unevenness of the ground flat.
3.6 Pipe and flange welding, the pipe should be inserted into the flange, first spot welding 2-3 points and then use an angle ruler to find the right level before welding, the flange should be welded on both sides, the inner side of the seam shall not be protruding from the sealing surface of the flange.
Four, pipe socket connection
4.1 Cement twist: generally used for indoor and outdoor cast iron drainage pipe socket connection
a In order to reduce the twisting of the fixed gray mouth, some of the pipes and fittings can be twisted in advance of the gray mouth, twisting of the gray mouth before the inspection of pipes and fittings without cracks, sand holes and other defects, and will be pre-existing pipes and fittings, proofreading the size of the socket with or without error, socket ring gap is The gray mouth of the ring line gap is qualified.
b Pipes and fittings can be connected in the temporary fixed frame, pipe and fittings according to the drawing requirements will be socket upward, socket downward direction of the insertion of good, twisting gray mouth.
c Twisting the gray mouth, first with a hemp brazier will be tightened than the socket ring gap slightly thicker than the green hemp or tie rope into the mouth, generally playing two circles appropriate (about one-third of the depth of the mouth), green hemp lap should be greater than the length of 30mm, and then hit the hemp solid, while playing the side of the right to find, find the right and will be pounded flat hemp must be.
d will be hemp after playing well, you can twist the mouth of the ash (water and cement weight ratio of 1:9) layered into the mouth of the ring gap, the first thin twisted chisel, one hand to fill the ash, one hand with a twisted chisel pounding, and then layered with a hammer, twisted chisel, until the mouth of the ash full, with the thickness of the mouth of the ring with the size of the gap appropriate twisted chisel will be ash mouth solid leveled until the twisted chisel hit the mouth of the ash with the rebound feeling that is qualified.
e Mixing twisted mouth ash, should be mixed with the use of mixed ash should be controlled in one and a half hours to use up, at the same time, according to the climate to adjust the appropriate amount of water.
f Prefabrication processing of two sections of pipe or two or more pipe fittings, should be the first twisted gray mouth of the pipe or pipe fittings arranged in the upper part, and then twist the lower part of the gray mouth, in order to reduce its vibration. After twisting the last gray mouth should check the rest of the gray mouth is not loose, if loose should be dealt with in a timely manner.
g Prefabricated pipe sections and fittings should be placed in a flat place, put flat pads, wrapped with wet twine gray mouth, water conservation, keep wet, generally 48 hours at room temperature before moving to the site installation.
h Winter cold season twisted gray mouth should take effective anti-freezing measures, plastering water can be added to the right amount of salt water, twisted gray mouth is strictly prohibited from freezing, the storage environment temperature should be maintained at 5 ℃ or more, and conditions can also be taken to steam maintenance.
4.2 Asbestos cement interface: general indoor and outdoor cast iron water supply pipe laying are used asbestos cement twisted mouth, i.e., mixed with an appropriate amount of asbestos fleece mixed in cement.
4.3 Lead interface: generally used for indoor cast iron water supply pipe laying in industrial plants, the design of special requirements or outdoor cast iron water supply pipe emergency repair, pipe touching in a hurry to pass the water can be used in the case of lead interfaces
4.4 Rubber ring interface: generally used for outdoor cast iron water supply pipe laying, installation of pipe and pipe interfaces. Pipe and pipe fittings still need to use asbestos cement twisted mouth
5, pipe bonding connection: (UPVC pipe, ABS pipe)
5.1 Pipe bonding should not be carried out in a very high humidity environment, the operation place should be away from sources of ignition, to prevent the impact of the -20.
5.2 Pipes and fittings in the adhesive bonding before the use of clean cotton gauze or a dry cloth will be the socket socket and the inner and outer side of the socket Wipe clean the outside of the socket and socket, and keep the bonding surface clean. If the surface is stained with oil, cotton gauze dipped in acetone and other cleaning agents should be used to wipe clean.
5.3 When applying adhesive with oil brush, it should be applied to the inner side of the socket first, and then to the outer side of the socket. Coating the socket should be along the axis from the inside to the outside of the foam evenly, the right amount, shall not be missed or coated too thick.
5.4 After the socket is coated with adhesive, it should be inserted continuously and forcefully within 20s to align with the axis at one time. Pipe end inserted into the socket depth should be based on the measured depth of the socket, marking the surface of the inserted pipe end, rotate the pipe 90 ° after insertion.
5.5 Insertion is completed, should be immediately wiped clean the adhesive extruded from the outside of the joint. Should avoid force, static until the interface curing until the joint is solid before continuing the installation.
5.6 Bonding joints should not be operated at ambient temperatures below 0 ℃, should prevent the adhesive from freezing. Shall not use open flame or electric stove and other facilities to heat the adhesive.
Sixth, pipe ferrule connection (aluminum-plastic composite pipe)
6.1 Cut off the pipe according to the pipe diameter required by the design and the length of the pipe section after on-site review. Check the pipe mouth, if found burrs, uneven or end face is not perpendicular to the pipe axis, it should be corrected;
6.2 Use a special scraper to bevel the inner layer of polyethylene at the mouth of the pipe with a bevel angle of 20-30 ° and a depth of 1.0-1.5 mm, and should be cleaned with a clean paper or cloth to wipe off the bevel residue;
6.3 Round the mouth of the pipe with the rounding tool;
6.4 Locking nut, the locking nut, and the locking nut, and the locking nut. 6.4 Lock nut, C-type tightening ring on the tube, insert the tube core into the tube with force, to the tube mouth up to the root of the tube core;
6.5 C-type tightening ring to the mouth of the tube from the 0.5-1.5mm, and then tighten the locking nut and the body of the tubing.
Seven, pipe heat fusion connection (at present, mostly used for indoor life water supply PP-R pipe, PB pipe installation)
7.1 Heat fusion tool is connected to the power supply to reach the operating temperature indicator light before you can start the operation;
7.2 Cutting pipe, you must make the end face is perpendicular to the axis of the pipe. Pipe cutting generally use pipe shears or pipe cutters, if necessary, sharp hacksaw, but after cutting the pipe section should be removed burrs and burrs;
7.3 Pipe and fittings connected to the end surface must be clean, dry, oil-free;
7.4 Use calipers and a suitable pen at the end of the pipe to measure and mark the depth of the hot melt.
7.5 When fusing elbow or tee, according to the design drawings, should pay attention to the direction, in the straight line direction of the pipe fittings and pipe, with an auxiliary sign marking its position;
7.6 When connecting, no rotation of the pipe end into the hot sleeve, inserted into the depth of the sign, at the same time, no rotation of the pipe fittings pushed to the heated head to the specified sign. The heating time should meet the provisions of the above table (also according to the provisions of the manufacturer of the heat fusion tool);
7.7 Immediately after reaching the heating time, immediately remove the pipe and fittings from the heating jacket and heating head at the same time, quickly and without rotation, straight and uniformly inserted into the depth of the mark, is the formation of a uniform flange at the joint;
7.8 In the above table within the time specified in the processing of the fusion of fittings just can also be calibrated, but rotation is strictly prohibited.
VIII, copper pipe connection
In the building water supply system using copper pipe, its connection method mainly has two kinds of ferrule and welding.
(1) the ferrule type connection is convenient, simple, the choice of the correct fittings can make the connection close, will not produce leakage, and can withstand sufficient pressure.
The ferrule connection is divided into two types, non-operating fittings type A and operable fittings type B:
Type A fittings connection: the installation process includes selecting a sleeve that meets the pipe specifications, cutting the pipe to the correct length, removing all burrs, and checking to see that the pipe end is clean and free of deep scratches or other defects. If the pipe end is oval, it should be rounded with a suitable tool, then the pipe is inserted into the casing until it does not change to the gear circle, the nut is tightened by hand and a wrench until the compression ring is clamped on the pipe, at this point it is not possible to rotate the nut on the casing by hand, now use two wrenches and then tighten the nut to 1/3 to 2/3 of a turn. This allows the compression ring to bite into the tube and distort the tube slightly.
Operatable fitting type B: This fitting clamps both the inner and outer surfaces of the tube, so that the fitting both supports and tightly clamps the copper tube.
The connection method includes confirming that the specification of the tube and the specification of the casing to be used are correct, then cutting the tube to the required length with a fine-toothed saw, cleaning the burrs inside and outside, snapping the compression nut and the compression ring into the tube end, hammering the appropriate flaring tool or punch into the tube end to widen the opening, then placing the sterling tube correctly into the end of the tube and the casing, and tightening the compression nut. A solid, tight fitting can be made by first hand-tightening and then tightening with a wrench for about a week.
(2) There are two main types of welding, soldering and brazing
The difference between the two is mainly due to the use of different metal fillers, different fluxes, different parts of the application, the use of soldering needs to have professional qualifications of personnel to operate.
Brazing
1 pipe connection should be confirmed again before the pipe, pipe fittings specifications to meet the requirements of the connection;
2 according to the design drawings, on-site measurement of the length of the piping, accurate material. Cutting available rotary pipe cutter or not less than 13 teeth per centimeter of the hacksaw or chainsaw vertical cutting, cutting should be removed after the mouth burr and the whole garden.
3 brazing strength is small, the general welded joints in the form of lap. Lap length for the wall thickness of 6 to 8 times, the outer diameter of the pipe is less than or equal to 28mm, the lap length is (1.2 ~ 1.5) D (mm).
4 Before welding should be welded at the outer wall of the copper pipe and the inner wall of the fittings with fine sandpaper, steel bristle brush or cloth sandpaper containing other abrasives to remove surface oxides;
5 in the cleaned up the outer surface of the pipe and fittings at the inner surface of the evenly brushed paste or liquid brazing agent;
5 will be inserted into the pipe fittings copper pipe, check to the bottom and rotate appropriately to maintain a uniform gap, and Extrude the excess brazing flux from the joints;
6 Use gas welding flame to implement uniform heating of the joints until heated to the brazing temperature;
7 Use the brazing material to contact the joints heated to high temperatures, when the temperature of the joints of the copper tubes to enable the brazing material to melt quickly, indicating that the temperature of the joints has reached the brazing temperature, can be heated, and add the brazing material until the brazed joints are full;
8 Remove the flame, so that the joint in a stationary state cooling crystallization;
9 will be cleaned up the residue of the joint.
9, grooved connection
9.1 with a steel pipe cutting machine will be cut according to the required length of the steel pipe, the cut should be flat, cut hear burrs should be grinded with a sander, so that the end face is flat and smooth;
9.2 with a special groove roller groove press. The steel pipe to be processed groove set up in the rolling groove machine and rolling groove machine tail frame, with a level meter to adjust the rolling groove machine tail frame and rolling groove machine and steel pipe brand level position, the steel pipe end face and rolling groove machine groove wheel baffle end face close, that is, the steel pipe and the groove roller groove machine groove wheel baffle end face 900; pressure groove should be continuous gradual;
9.3 check the rubber sealing ring whether to match, coated with lubricants, and will be set on the end of one pipe section
9.3 Check the matching of the rubber sealing ring, apply lubricant and put it on the end of one pipe section, put the other pipe section on the butt, and move the rubber sealing ring to the center of the connecting section;
9.4 Put the clamp on the outside of the rubber sealing ring and snap the edges into the grooves;
9.5 Insert the bolts with the deformation block into the bolt holes and tighten the nuts.
Ten, flexible drainage cast iron pipe connection
A-type socket rubber ring flange gland connection
W-type stainless steel clamp lined with rubber ring connection
XI, thin-walled stainless steel pipe
11.1 Clamp connection
extruded connection of a kind. With the help of a special fast hydraulic clamp tool, with external force to make the stainless steel compression ring deformation, so that it is tightly connected to the steel pipe together; and then set on the rubber sealing ring, tighten the stainless steel nut (the rubber sealing ring, stainless steel nut and fittings have been assembled as a whole at the time of leaving the factory) and fittings are connected. Applicable to DN15, DN20.
11.2 Expansion connection
With a special expander to expand thin-walled stainless steel pipe into a mountain-shaped platform flange, the flange end of the rubber sealing ring, tighten the stainless steel nut and fittings connection. Applicable to DN25 ~ DN50.
11.3 Rubber sealing ring
According to the different requirements of the conveying medium, the selection of silicone rubber, EPDM and other materials sealing ring, as a thin-walled stainless steel pipe and fittings connected to the seal.
11.4 Argon arc welding connection (butt welding) connection DN (15-100)
Two piping (or piping and fittings) for ring seam T1G welding.
Twelve, HDPE buried drainage pipe heat shrink tape connection
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