China's reform and opening up is a great cause for the transformation of the world's most populous country from a planned economy to a market economy, and is the most remarkable story of development in the history of mankind, the achievements of China's economic development have not only changed the destiny of hundreds of millions of Chinese people, but also changed the distribution of the world's economic power, and never in the history of mankind has a country lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty in only three decades, so we say this is the most remarkable success story of economic development in history. Never before in the history of mankind has a country lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty in a short period of thirty years, so we say this is the most remarkable success story of economic development in history.
China's economic development achievements have had, and continue to have, a profound impact on the development of the Chinese and global economies. What are the main manifestations of our economic development achievements? First of all, it is reflected in the great leap in economic strength, and we are now talking about a few simple figures:
1. China's total economic output has jumped from the 15th place in the world ranking in 1978 before the reform and opening up to the 2nd place in 2010, and the GDP has grown from a meager 364.5 billion yuan renminbi (CNY) in 1978 to CNY 4,715.68 billion yuan renminbi (CNY) in 2011, and our total economic output is now equivalent to about Our current economic output is roughly 130 times that of 1978 before the reform and opening up, and our economic growth rate over the past three decades has been as high as 9.3 percent, which is three times the global average economic growth rate for the same period.
Along with the rapid growth in total economic output, China's per capita GDP has also shown a high rate of growth, and our average annual growth rate is much higher than the rate of population growth, the result of which is the rapid growth of China's per capita GDP.
From a mere 38 billion yuan in 1978 to 35,083 yuan in 2011, per capita income has grown as much as 92 times over this period, and the momentum of high per capita GDP growth has continued to this day. China's per capita GDP has continued to show strong growth in the last six years.
I'll give you a simple statistic: from 112th in the world in 2005 to 89th in 2011, China's GDP per capita has grown by 23 places in the world in six years, which is quite astonishing.
2. Along with the rapid growth in economic output and per capita income, the reform and opening up has also brought about profound changes in China's industrial structure. The proportion of our primary industry has dropped from about 28 percent in 1978 to about 10 percent at present.
At the same time, the proportion of China's tertiary industry has risen from 24 percent in 1978 to 44 percent at present, an increase of about 20 percentage points. While the share of primary industries has declined and the share of tertiary industries has risen, the rise of manufacturing, the main industry in China's secondary industries, has been particularly impressive.
3. The rapidly rising manufacturing sector is now ranked first in the world, and China has become a veritable manufacturing power.
At present the world about 500 kinds of major industrial products, there are about 222 kinds of products production world's first this title belongs to China, in the rapid rise of the manufacturing industry at the same time, China in the last three decades has also emerged a number of advanced level of major scientific and technological innovations, high-tech industry development momentum is also very good.
Over the past three decades, we have optimized our industrial structure in depth, while our achievements in infrastructure development have also been impressive. Few countries in the world can match what China has achieved in infrastructure development in hydraulics, energy, transportation and communications.
4, the great leap in economic strength is also manifested in China's foreign exchange reserves showed a rapid growth trend, in 1978 before the reform of the whole of mainland China's foreign exchange reserves of only a paltry 167 million U.S. dollars, in 2011 our foreign exchange reserves have reached 318,148,000,000 U.S. dollars, foreign exchange reserves in the world's countries in the same period of the highest growth rate, we have become a veritable foreign exchange reserves, we have become the world's largest foreign exchange reserves, we have become the world's largest foreign exchange reserves. have become a veritable foreign exchange reserves big country.
The growth of economic strength is not only reflected in these aspects, but also in the level of per capita income of China's rural residents has also improved greatly, before the reform and opening up of China is a typical food for the people of the big agricultural country, the per capita net income of farmers at that time was only a meager 134 yuan (data in 1978), in 2010 China's farmers' average annual net income has risen to 5,919 yuan
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This is an extremely impressive rate of growth, too.
5. At the same time as per capita income in the countryside has been growing rapidly, the poverty rate in rural China has been falling rapidly, from 30 percent in 1978 to about 4 percent in 2010. The decline in the poverty rate has enabled hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers to completely escape from poverty, and so far, although some of our population is still in poverty, our ability to solve it has been greatly improved today.
We still have some challenges ahead, but the outlook for tackling poverty remains optimistic. The main reason for this is that we have an economic base for tackling poverty today that was unmatched in the past.
6, China's tremendous growth in economic strength is also reflected in the growth of the country's financial strength, in the rapid growth of the economy at the same time, China's state revenue has also experienced a period of unprecedented high growth, from 1978 we (raise conquests) the total **** 113.2 billion yuan yuan of fiscal revenue growth to 2011, 1,037.4 billion yuan. This scale is approximately 92 times the size of 1978.
In 2010, mainland Chinese residents have been basically universal household appliances, the penetration rate of the telephone reached 86.5 per 100 people, the number of Internet users has reached 457 million people, of which the number of people with broadband Internet access has reached 450 million people, the Internet penetration rate reached 34.3%. It can be said that the economic situation of shortage, which plagued China for a long time before the reform and opening up, has been fundamentally changed.
7. While the material and cultural standard of living has greatly improved, China has also made impressive achievements in the construction of its medical and health care system. China has promoted a large-scale medical and health care insurance reform since 2009, and in just three years this year, the number of people who are covered by basic medical and health care insurance has already accounted for 95 percent of the country's total number of people. Such a high coverage rate, achieved in such a short period of time, is extremely rare among countries around the world.
We take an overall view that the material and cultural living standard, education level, and medical and health care protection enjoyed by the Chinese people today have reached an unprecedented high level. Of course, we still have many shortcomings, but as an objective reality, the achievements we have made in these areas are really impressive.
Expanded Information:
Reform and opening up is one of the two basic points of the basic line of the Chinese ****anese Communist Party at the primary stage of socialism. It has been the general guideline and policy for carrying out socialist modernization since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the C***nese Communist Party.
Reform is the way to strengthen the country, and is the source of vitality for the development and progress of the Party and the country. Reform, i.e., internal reform, means consciously adjusting and reforming the incompatible aspects and links between the relations of production and the productive forces, and between the superstructure and the economic base, under the premise of adhering to the socialist system, so as to promote the development of the productive forces and the overall progress of all undertakings, and to better realize the fundamental interests of the broadest possible range of the people.
Opening up, that is, opening up to the outside world, is an inevitable choice for accelerating China's modernization and is in line with the characteristics of the present era and the general trend of world development, and is a basic state policy that must be adhered to for a long time.
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