1 Overview of ground source heat pump application
Ground source heat pump (GSHPS) is a broad term that includes systems that use soil, groundwater and surface water as heat sources and sinks, i.e., ground-coupled heat pump systems (GCHPS), which are also called ground heat exchanger ground source heat pumps. system (ground heat exchanger); groundwater heat pumps, GWHPS); surface water heat pumps (surface water heat pumps, SWHPS).
1.1 Overseas Development
Ground source heat pump system is called: a 21st century technology characterized by energy saving and environmental protection because it uses renewable geothermal energy. This began in 1912 technology (Switzerland proposed a patent, the application of this technology began in the United Kingdom and the United States), the United States from 1946 on the GSHP system for twelve major projects, such as the structural form of the underground coil, structural parameters, the impact of the pipe on the performance of the heat pump, etc.. And the first ground source heat pump system in the United States was installed in the downtown area of Portland, Oregon.
Especially in the last decade ground source heat pump in Europe and the United States industrialized countries has made rapid development, has become a mature application of technology. By the end of 2000, there were more than 400,000 ground-source heat pump systems in use in homes, schools and commercial buildings in the United States, providing about 8,000 to 11,000 Gwh of terminal energy annually.
Ground source heat source in engineering applications are mainly underground coupled heat pump system (GCHPS) and groundwater heat pump system (GWHPS), surface water heat pump system (SWHPS).
1.2 Domestic Development and Application
1.2.1 Status of Energy Consumption
By 2040, China's total consumption of primary energy will reach 3.86 billion tons of standard coal, which is three times as much as the current energy consumption. And by the end of this century, the maximum annual supply of domestic primary energy production is 3.2 billion tons of standard coal. Therefore, China's future longer-term average annual growth rate of energy consumption should be controlled at about 2.5 percent until 2040, when energy consumption will achieve the goal of zero growth.
China's overall proven energy reserves, coal reserves accounted for about 11% of the world's reserves, crude oil accounted for 2.4%, natural gas accounted for only 1.2% of China's population accounted for about 20% of the world's population, the per capita energy possession is less than half of the world average. China is a large coal country, but the remaining six of the world's seven major coal countries in the reserves ratio are more than 200 years, only China's reserves less than a century. The reserve ratio of oil is 40 years, and the average abundance of oil and natural gas in China is only 57% and 45% of the world average.
In the face of such a severe energy situation, the country's overall energy policy or energy conservation and new energy development, renewable energy utilization and give equal importance to, therefore, the popularization and application of ground-source heat pump technology in China has great practical significance and broad prospects for development.
1.2.2 Application of Ground Source Heat Pump
The design of ground source heat pump air conditioning system mainly includes two major parts: one is the design of the water loop air conditioning system in the building; the other is the design of the underground part of the ground source heat pump air conditioning system, i.e., underground heat exchanger of the underground coupled heat pump system, surface water heat exchanger of the surface water heat pump system, and the well system of the ground water heat pump system. The design of the system.
The earliest application of the underground coupled heat pump system was put into operation in Shanghai Minhang Development Zone office building in October 89 (4305m2, cold load 4532KW, heat load 231KW), its technology and equipment are provided by the United States, the use of good conditions. 135 vertical vertical tube wells 35 meters deep, buried tube for polybutylene tube. Domestic universities and colleges have carried out relevant experimental research and small-scale engineering application of vertical or horizontal buried pipe, and established the heat transfer model of buried pipe. Geological conditions are different in different places, and the temperature and thermophysical parameters of soil are not the same, therefore, the application of underground coupled heat pumps has to be further verified by experiments and the accumulation of experimental data.
Surface water heat pump system: surface water temperature is greatly affected by the climate, similar to air source heat pump, Wuhan East Lake and other shallow lakes in summer water temperature is higher than the wet bulb temperature, no use, winter water temperature is slightly higher than the air temperature, can be used as a heat source water. Measured data show that Ningbo Fenghua river water 7M deep 31.2 ℃, the Pearl River bottom 31.8 ℃, river water thermal pollution is very strong, the use of little value. Yangtze River water can be used as a surface water heat pump system heat source, but the river water level is very low in winter, from the point of view of the economics of water withdrawal and flood control, the actual use or extremely difficult.
Groundwater heat pump system: the above situation can be seen, at present in our country, technically more mature, the use of greater feasibility, the implementation of more projects or groundwater heat pump system. At present, the domestic production of water-source heat pump unit manufacturers have also reached two or three dozen. Because the country has not promulgated the production of water-source heat pump unit technical standards, domestic manufacturers of product quality varies greatly, from some manufacturers of product samples, technical parameters are incomplete and inaccurate. Because many manufacturers do not have the means of measurement, the use of water-source heat pump unit requires a lot of data can not be provided, and does not even exclude some of the technical strength of the poor manufacturers simply do not figure out the technical differences between water-source heat pump unit and conventional chiller, directly to take the conventional chiller as a water-source heat pump unit marketed to the market. At present, I have contacted the manufacturers, only a foreign company can provide special computer software selection data, according to the design of the working conditions to choose a reasonable and credible unit configuration and a variety of performance data.
2 Ground source heat pump application in Wuhan
2.1 Groundwater source heat pump project examples
2.1.1 Groundwater source heat pump in Hubei project application of the earliest one is located in Jingzhou Shashi Valeo Automobile Air Conditioning Company Limited, the use of the West Asia's LWP1800 (545KW) screw water water heat pump unit 2 units, LGP350 A (110KW), the total cooling capacity is 1200Kw, supply a workshop (5000m2) and office part (900m2), because of the limitations of the water intake well for a 50m3 / h well, cooling another cooling tower for supplement. Heating because of the workshop itself equipment heat dissipation is large, a well water can fully meet the heating needs. Summer well water 18.5 ℃, winter 17.8 ℃. 2000 September began operation.
2.1.2 Located in Hankou, Methodist Church of Heaven and Earth Music City, with a floor area of 5,000 m2, using Italy's Clemente piston water-source heat pump unit WRHH1202 two, the total refrigeration capacity of 720Kw, the total heating capacity of 750Kw (including heating 450Kw, the use of heat recovery system for hot water for life 300Kw). Two wells are drilled, one pumped and one irrigated, and the recharge is about 90%, the depth of the well is 47m, the water output is 20.5℃ in winter, and the water intake is 60m3/h. In winter, the unit warms up very quickly, and the water supply temperature of the unit can reach more than 45℃ in less than 2 hours, and the unit started to run in June, 2002, and it has been used as a water supply system to provide hot water.
2.1.3 Wuhan Lingyun Science and Technology Group comprehensive plant, with a total construction area of 11,000m2, of which 4000m2 office, 7000m2 production plant. Selection of France Westat screw water source heat pump unit LWP2500 two, total cooling capacity of 1440Kw, heating capacity of 1900Kw, 4 wells, each unit 2, a pumping and irrigation. 2002 October began operation.
2.1.4 Hankou Hongkong Road, Champs Elysees Garden 40,000 meters 2, the total cooling capacity of 3200Kw, the total heating capacity of 2500Kw. Designed to use the Clement screw water source heat pump unit BE/SRHH2702 three, cooling chilled water 7/12 ℃, groundwater 18/32 ℃; heating 40/50 ℃, groundwater 18/8 ℃. Drilling wells undertaken by the Wuhan Geological Engineering Survey Institute, each well water intake of 80m3 / h, first test wells, a pumping and irrigation, to obtain experimental data, detailed and thorough calculations and hydrogeological analysis. The design of three extraction wells, five recharge wells, each well recharge 60%, analysis and calculation that three wells at the same time pumping, five wells at the same time recharge, the site of the south side of the ground water level is less than 1m drop, other parts of the drop are less than 0.5m; the south side of the ground subsidence of 1cm, the other parts of the ground subsidence of less than 0.5cm; the majority of the site's uneven settlement is less than 0.2 ‰, does not lead to a geologic In November 2002, it began to operate.
2.1.5 Hankou East-West Lake Wuhan Hangda Company Plant Complex, building area of 18,000 m2, using Clement screw water source heat pump unit BE/SRHH2702 two, the design of the six wells, six recharge wells, the amount of water taken by each well 20m3 / h. September 2003 began operation.
2.1.6 Hankou Baibuting Garden District Comprehensive Building, with a floor area of 21,000 m2, adopts one Siat screw-type water-cooled chiller unit LWP2800, two screw-type water-source heat pump units LWP1400, and one scroll-type water-source heat pump unit LGP100, with a configuration of ice-balls of 105 m3. This project is a unique air-conditioning system which is a combination of an ice storage cooling system and a water-source heat pump system, which has the characteristics of ice storage cooling and water-source heat pump system. This project is a unique air-conditioning system that combines the ice storage system and water source heat pump system into one, which has the dual significance of peak shaving and valley filling, energy saving and environmental protection, and in November 2004, it started to operate.
2.1.7 The library of Hubei University, with a building area of 42,000m2, adopts three Clement screw water source heat pump units BE/SRHH3602, with a total cooling capacity of 3,850KW and a total heating capacity of 3,100KW. 3 water extraction wells and 6 recharge wells are designed, each with a water extraction capacity of 120m3/h. The spacing of the water extraction wells is maximized according to the site conditions, and the water source heat pump is used as much as possible under partial load condition. In November 2004, the plant began operation.
2.1.8 Hankou Fuxing Huiyue office complex, building area of 10,000 m2. The use of Westat screw water source heat pump unit LWP1800 two. Total cooling capacity of 1090KW, total heating capacity of 850KW. design of two water wells, four recharge wells, each well water intake of 80m3 / h. In November 2003 began operation.
2.1.9 Hubei Police College Library? Gymnasium, building area 20000m2 . Using Clement screw water source heat pump unit BE/SRHH2702 two, the total cooling capacity of 2300KW, the total heating capacity of 1600KW. design of two water wells, four recharge wells, each well draws 80m3 / h.
Hubei Police College student cafeteria, building area of 12,000 m2. Using Clement screw water source heat pump unit BE/SRHH2702 two, total cooling capacity of 2300KW, total heating capacity of 1600KW. design of two water wells, four recharge wells, each well water intake 80m3/h. July 2004 began operation.
2.2 Underground coupled heat pump project examples
2.2.1 Provincial Public Security Department driving school office building, building area of 5000 meters 2, using Clement screw ground source heat pump unit WRHH0802 two, total cooling capacity of 520KW, total heating capacity of 370KW. the use of outdoor venues for the vertical buried pipe,*** punched 220 holes, the spacing of 4X4M, the hole *** buried U-beam heat pump. Hole *** buried U-type PE heat exchanger pipe 10000 meters, hole depth of 30 m. In November 2002 began operation.
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