I. What is the approximate process?
1. commissioned bidding (the owner to choose the appropriate bidding company, the relationship between them do not need me to say. I can only tell you that the general bidding company is not small);
2. Preparation of tender documents (the owner of the technical parameters of the equipment required to bidding company, bidding company in charge of the commercial part);
3. Registration of the project on the China International Bidding Network, and the extraction of audit experts to review the bidding gallery, and then in accordance with the experts to modify the bidding documents; (with the nature of the project is different in the different online registration)
4. and other electromechanical office approval, the sale of tender documents;
5. the sale of documents in the process, to answer all the bidders questions, and arrangements for the preparation of the opening of bids;
6. each package to meet the three bidding according to the scheduled opening;
7. evaluation of bids. International bidding network of three relevant experts to form a bid evaluation committee.
8. Combined with the experts, the owner's opinion of the notice of award, the relevant documents sent to the Electrical and Mechanical Office for review.
9. Project archiving.
Summary: Seemingly simple process, but due to contact with a lot of people and miscellaneous, especially encountered in the ADB, the World Bank loan project is even more complex. The so-called bidding work every day is a new problem.
Question 2: the detailed process of corporate bidding steps and considerations 1, the production of bidding for the record, reported for approval;
2, commissioned by the bidding agent for bidding;
3, the validation of the agency prepared by the bidding notice, published by the agency in the relevant media;
4, by the agency to review, accept the registration of bidders,
5, the validation of the agency prepared bidding announcement, released by the agent in the relevant media;
4, by the agent review, acceptance of bidder registration,
5, validation of the bidding documents prepared by the agency; sale of bidding documents by the agency;
6, bid opening, bid evaluation, bidding;
7, public announcement of the successful bidder;
8, issuance of a notice of the successful bidder;
9, answering the contract.
Question 3: the person who bids for attention, and the steps of bidding Bidding is the opposite of bidding. Tender is the bidder according to the requirements of the bidder specifically to the bidder to enter into a contract proposal, is provided to the bidder's alternative.
The tender is divided into productive tender and technical tender. Production and business tenders are engineering tenders, contracting tenders, product sales tenders, labor tenders; technical tenders, including scientific research project tenders, technology introduction or technology transfer tenders.
Writing
1. title. The title of the tender written in the middle of the "tender application", "tender defense" or "tender" can be. 2. 2. Body. The body of the tender by the beginning and the main body.
The beginning, write the basis of the bid and the main idea.
The main body, the tender should be the business ideas and business policy, business objectives, business measures, requirements, external conditions, etc. Specific, complete and comprehensive expression, and strive to argue rigorous, clear, concise text.
3. paragraph. Write the name of the bidding unit (or individual) and the date of the bid.
Note
The writing of the tender, the requirements of factual, specific and clear, accurate and punctual.
Problems that should be noted by the bidder in submitting the bid
Article 28 of the Bidding and Tendering Law provides that the bidder shall deliver the bidding documents to the bidding place before the deadline for submitting the bidding documents required by the bidding documents. After receiving the bidding documents, the bidder shall sign and keep them and shall not open them. If there are fewer than three bidders, the bidder shall re-tender in accordance with this Law. In the bidding documents required to submit tender documents after the deadline for delivery of tender documents, the bidder shall refuse to accept.
Delivery of tender documents. Bidders must deliver the tender documents at the place and within the time specified in the tender documents. Delivery of the tender should preferably be made directly or by proxy in order to obtain an acknowledgement that the tender has been received by the bidding authority.
The time and place for delivery of the tender is usually included in the tender documents, and the tenderer cannot send the tender documents to a place other than the place specified in the tender documents, and if the tenderer delays the tender because of an error in the place where the tender is to be delivered, the tender will be considered invalid and will be rejected.
If delivered by mail, the bidder must allow time for mailing to ensure that the bidding documents can be delivered to the place specified by the bidder before the deadline. Not "postmarked". Bidding documents delivered after the deadline, that is, has passed the tender validity period, the bidder shall be returned in the original seal, shall not enter the bid opening stage.
Signature of the tender documents to save. The bidder shall sign after receiving the tender, shall not be opened. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of bidders, the bidder must fulfill the complete signing, registration and filing procedures. Signatory to record the date and place of submission of tender documents and sealing status, the signature of the signatory should be placed in a confidential and safe place after all the submitted tender documents, no one shall open the tender documents.
In order to ensure that the cause of full competition, for less than three bidders, should be re-tendered. This situation is called "abortive bidding" in foreign countries. According to international practice, at least three bidders to bring effective competition, because two bidders to participate in the bidding, the lack of competition, the bidder may increase the purchase price, the interests of the bidder.
Question 4: the process of bidding and considerations When bidding for attention: all aspects of the project requirements should be taken into account, what the qualification requirements of the construction party, whether the other party needs to have a relevant aspect of the success of the experience, the requirements of the construction period, the quality assurance, bid bond, the project payment method, the amount of work and the project content, when to send the tender, when to open the bidding, bidding conditions, and so on, the above should be included in the tender!
Bid opening: whether the party to participate in the opening of the site (if the bidding is negotiated, then do not have to ask the bidder to participate in the scene), after winning the bid, we must begin to draw up the contract, the content of the contract to be as detailed as possible, in case of disputes, to protect their own party.
Question 5: In the bidding process should pay attention to what problems Detailed? In the bidding process should pay attention to what problems? -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Understand the characteristics of the project, clear bidding requirements: the procurement agency in the procurement commission received from the buyer, the first to communicate with the buyer to understand the project's After receiving the procurement entrustment from the purchaser, the procurement agency should first communicate with the purchaser to understand the basic situation of the project and explain to the purchaser in advance what may happen in the bidding process and what should be paid attention to according to the characteristics of different projects. Especially for some purchasers who do not have specialized agencies or professionals, it is more important to play the advantages of professional procurement agencies and professionals, and keep a good gate for the purchasers. In addition to introducing to the purchasers the *** procurement laws and regulations, as well as the bidding process, commercial terms and conditions, the contract format, and the time requirements, it is more important to cooperate with and assist the purchasers in completing a high-quality Technical Requirements Document (TDD). A good technical requirements is to ensure that the project can successfully complete the bidding process and the project can be successfully implemented a good start. I think the basic requirements for writing technical requirements are: 1, the overall planning of the project, the realization of the objectives, the existing environment and the original system, the original equipment interface relationship, etc. 2, the main equipment specifications, parameters (can not contain tendency, discriminatory indicators and parameters, and can not specify the brand, model). 3, the project's after-sales service requirements (free of charge warranty period, response time and other requirements). 4, The intellectual property rights of the system, the right to use it and the attribution of its results should be clearly defined. 5. The acceptance methods and standards of the system also need to be determined in advance. 6. Set a reasonable threshold to ensure fairness and impartiality: *** The most basic principle of procurement is open, fair and just, to be fair and just the first step is to require the bidding documents are fair and impartial. I thought the most important should focus on the following points: 1, to set a reasonable threshold (entry qualifications). Such as the total budget of the project is only 1 million, and bidding for suppliers with "Computer Information System Integration Qualification" Level 1 certificate, or the requirement of its registered capital of more than 20 million yuan; or an ordinary project, but the supplier has to have a "computer information system integration qualification involving state secrets". Such, are unreasonable and unfair to the supplier requirements. 2, the technical requirements can not be tendentious, discriminatory indicators, parameters and requirements, technical parameters should be fair and equitable, in line with the common indicators of mainstream products. 3, the project split should be reasonable. Such as a large project of tens of millions of dollars, obviously can be split into hardware (network, host, storage, etc.), software (system software, tools, applications, etc.) several parts according to the professional characteristics of the purchaser, but the purchaser is required to be bundled together, so that only a limited number of suppliers can participate. In addition, the project is not large, but more content and involves a number of specialties should not be bundled together. 4, depending on the circumstances of the announcement of the budget. There are two cases should be published budget, one in the project is more complex, the demand is not particularly clear case (because the IT product features a lot of difference in grade, the price also varies greatly, publish the budget can be limited funds to achieve the most suitable for the purchaser's needs), so that you can get the most value-for-money system under the same price; secondly, in the case of some of the suppliers have been aware of the budget of the project, in order to be fair! simply publicize it for fairness' sake. To emphasize in particular: here is the published project budget rather than the tender. Technical parameters to be fair, the tender tendency not to have: "*** Procurement Law", Article 22 provides that "shall not be unreasonable conditions for suppliers to implement differential or discriminatory treatment", Article 25 provides that "shall not be by any means to exclude other suppliers to participate in the competition ". However, in the bidding process, we often encounter tendentious or discriminatory indicators or other exclusionary situations put forward by the purchaser, which will affect both the image of *** procurement and the process of *** procurement. I think tendentious tenders can be divided into two categories: one is a specific parameter indicators, but the parameter indicators with exclusivity; the other category does not mention the specific parameters, indicators, but between the lines can still be seen is inclined to certain suppliers. The first category, can be divided into two cases, one is the procurer of the specific operator does not understand the technical indicators of the items procured, and in accordance with the relevant provisions of the *** procurement requirements of the procurer to provide technical parameters, indicators (can not mention the specific brand, model), so they refer to a particular model of the indicators copied and reproduced; the second is the procurer of the items procured have a specific model, and even have been in contact with a good supplier (apply for the budget) The second case is that the purchaser has a specific model of the item being purchased, and has even contacted the supplier (to apply for a budget is to apply for a quote from the supplier). The first situation often occurs in the case of simple goods or goods with a small unit price, the parameters and indicators are not complex, ...... >>
Question 6: What is the whole process of bidding and some considerations? You are asking specifically what is the process of notes or that the entire process of bidding are not known?
Question 7: What should I pay attention to bidding? In the bidding practice, some bidders repeatedly failed, but do not know the reason. The reason for this phenomenon, mainly bidders in the details of the improper handling.
Details determine success or failure. Only seriously treat every detail of the bid, in order to improve the winning rate.
The format of the tender documents
Including the preparation of tender documents, signing requirements, binding requirements, sealing requirements.
The preparation of tender documents. Bidding documents are usually composed of bidding letter, bidding letter appendix, business bidding documents, technical bidding documents, qualification documents. Different bidding documents on the composition of the tender documents are similar. Bidders should be in accordance with the contents of the tender documents, the order and standard format for the preparation of tender documents, do not "take for granted", to avoid the omission, wrong items, draw a snake and other phenomena.
Bidding documents must provide the content should be clear, at a glance, in order to facilitate the evaluation committee to review, some bidding documents in the bidder must be reported outside the information, but also allows to report the bidder that should be reported on other content, the part is not the focus of the evaluation committee, such as the bidding documents do not have special requirements, generally should be attached to the last, in the length should not be a hustle and bustle.
Signature requirements for tender documents. First of all, all the "signature and seal", especially the bidding letter and the bidding letter appendix, should be required to sign the seal; secondly, should pay attention to the bidding documents are allowed to use the "bidding seal" and other seals instead of "bidding units Official seal", whether to allow the use of seal instead of signature, whether to require "page signature" and so on.
Binding requirements for tender documents. Some bidding documents require business bidding, technical bid binding, some require separate binding; some bidding documents prohibit the bidding documents can be disassembled tool binding, and so on.
Sealing requirements for tender documents. Bidding documents usually require the number of bidding documents for the original one, a copy of a number of copies, but in the original and copies of the sealing requirements are not the same, some bidding documents require the original and copies of the sealing, and then sealed as a package, some of the requirements of the original, copies of the bees together, and there are requirements for the tender letter is sealed separately, and so on. Some bidding documents require outsourcing sealing with a "seal" chapter, and some require a "bidding unit seal" and so on.
The above requirements are cumbersome but very important, directly affecting the validity of the bidding documents, should cause bidders to pay great attention. Different tender documents on the above format requirements are not the same, bidders should not be paralyzed every bid, so as not to cause "a careless, all lose" consequences.
Bidding documents for the preparation of the business bid
Usually, the business bid includes two major parts of the offer and price composition, the bidder should closely around the evaluation methods, taking into account their own costs, market and other factors, to determine the bidding price strategy. In the offer to pay attention to the following points:
Discretionary use of low bidding strategy. According to the relevant provisions, the bidder shall not bid at a lower-than-cost offer. In the evaluation process, the bid evaluation committee finds that the bidder's offer is significantly lower than other bidding offers, or significantly lower than the bidding price, making it possible for its bidding offer to be lower than its individual cost, the bidder should be required to make a written explanation and provide relevant supporting materials. If the bidder fails to provide a reasonable explanation, or fails to provide relevant supporting materials, the bid evaluation committee shall determine that its bid is below the cost quotation bidding, and its bid shall be treated as invalid. Therefore, bidders should be cautious in using the strategy of bidding below cost. If the individual cost is lower than the average cost of society, we should have a reasonable explanation in the bidding documents, provide relevant supporting information, and fully prepared to respond to the evaluation committee to question the clarification of the preparation, or may be invalidated.
Strictly against the bidding list offer. Bidders should be strictly against the bidder to provide a list of bidding content for quotation, do not play "smart". Some bidders deliberately create "quantity × unit price > total price", "sub-total > total" and other arithmetic errors to improve the sub-total offer, in an attempt to get high marks, but also improve the offer, but often "steal the chicken does not etch the rice! ". The Evaluation Committee and evaluation method of the Interim Provisions clearly stipulates that the unit price quotation and the combined price quotation is inconsistent with the amount of the unit price shall prevail; case amount is inconsistent with the amount of the capitalized amount shall prevail. And the evaluation committee can ask the bidder to clarify the text and calculation errors according to the above principles, the bidder's clarification does not comply with the above provisions, or refused to clarify, can reject its bid.
Adequate accounting for administrative-related costs. In order to prevent disorderly price pressures, some places stipulate that safety construction costs, environmental protection costs, civilized construction costs, quota determination fees, taxes and other costs should be calculated according to the statutory standards, and shall not be involved in concessions, or else the bid is invalidated.
Technical bidding documents preparation
Technical bidding to follow the "feasible, economic, advanced" principle, and business bidding organic connection. ...... >>
Problem 8: bidding negotiation considerations Bidding units in the careful study of the tender announcement or document, after confirming that they have the conditions to undertake the project or the supply of materials and equipment, we must bidding units bidding price, and strive to get the winning bid. Familiar with the bidding process, bidding risk analysis, bidding design and quotation methods, competitive strategies, quotation techniques, as well as the opening of the bidding countermeasures to win the bid, after the bidding price management, this is the decision to participate in the bidding offer after the bidding, make a good bid, bidding for the winning and winning the bid to achieve better economic benefits is very important work.
The first section of the preparatory stage of the work and methods
The preparatory work of the tender is both the bidding for regular business work, but also for the transfer to the bidding stage must go through a stage of necessary work. Bidding units do not go through the preparatory stage or do a good job of preparation, not only can not enter the bidding stage, even if the blind turn to the bidding stage is also unlikely to achieve the expected results of bidding. Therefore, this is the bidding business insurmountable stage of important work.
The work of the bidding preparation stage, including the basic requirements of clear bidding, collecting bidding information, selecting the bidding project, determine the bidding object.
First, the basic requirements of the general bidding
The bidding process is very complex, very competitive, if the bidding law lack of research, the guiding ideology is not clear, the work of the slightest negligence may lead to the loss of bidding favorable opportunities to achieve the purpose of winning the bidding to win, increase the degree of risk of contracting and casting a significant economic loss. Generally speaking, any bidding unit in the offer business, first of all, we must have a comprehensive understanding of the bidding work, clear its basic requirements, the basic requirements of the bidding generally have the following points:
1?Purposeful. The general purpose of the tender offer is to achieve the winning bid to win, access to business tasks, improve business efficiency. In the bidding, what price depends on the enterprise bidding purpose. Because different purposes have different quotation strategies and price levels. Usually, in order to obtain the maximum profit for the purpose, which is a more typical economic purposes; In addition, there are for the supplement to the enterprise production task of the lack of production to maintain the balance of the enterprise's production, in order to reverse the situation of rising costs, benefits slipped; for the display of the enterprise's technical management of the advancement of the social visibility, in order to open up the product sales market; in order to overcome the market for the time being the emergence of the existence of the crisis, and so on. Only clear the purpose of the tender, it is possible to achieve the stated purpose.
2?Timeliness. In the bidding generally stipulated in the bidding time limit. Bidding units can not be completed within the specified time limit for bidding projects such as valuation, you may lose the opportunity to compete. The workload of a tender evaluation and quotation is very large, especially for those large-scale projects and comprehensive sets of equipment contracting projects, evaluation and calculation of the workload is very voluminous. For this reason, in the bidding, the timeliness of the offer is particularly important. Can not do this, the basic conditions of the bidding is lost.
3?Accuracy. Bidding price, must be established on the basis of scientific analysis and reliable calculation, so as to more accurately reflect the cost of the project. Mechanical manufacturing enterprises to develop the bidding price and determine the principle and method of product price is basically the same, but the difficulty is much greater than to determine the price of the product. Enterprise pricing of products, is basically complete in the information, the situation is basically clear on the basis of; and for the tender offer information needed, need to be collected by the bidding unit to collect and find. However, for the use of bidding methods for the winning product, generally more of a high level of technology, advanced technology, specialized equipment or complete sets of equipment, its value is larger and less comparable. Therefore, the accurate quotation is directly related to the enterprise competition, the effectiveness of the high and low.
4?Strategic. In the complex competitive environment, relying solely on timely and accurate quotation attempt to win the bid is not enough. Bidding to be successful, but also depending on the characteristics of the bidding project and the characteristics of competitors and the intention of the bidding unit and other specifics, the use of bidding strategy and bidding competition art, at a certain time, respectively, the use of high-price, medium-price or low-priced strategy, so as to obtain the winning bid.
Second, comprehensive collection of information on bidding
Information is an important part of the bidding business. For domestic bidding units, the main channels for collecting bidding information are:
1?According to China's national economic construction of the five-year plan and the scale of investment and development, as well as the central and regional annual investment in specific economic construction and development projects, enterprise technological transformation projects, collect and synthesize the project suitable for the bidding object of the unit;
2?According to the state's economic policy and approved investment projects, you can get from the construction department in charge of the project;
2? investment projects, you can get from the competent construction departments, construction banks and construction units side of the project specific investment scale, project construction progress and engineering construction requirements;
3?In the case of expanding the enterprise since ***, you can fully understand the construction objectives and specific content of the production enterprise expansion, transformation projects;
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Question 9: What issues need to be noted in the bidding process of the transportation project General construction to take the qualification and bidding for two stages. The main construction of the number of applications is generally more, the registration needs to be in strict accordance with the requirements of the qualification announcement to accept the registration. For some do not understand the bidding application unit can be verified online, because now the market is still very chaotic, some units do exist qualification fraud and so on.
The qualification process is prone to problems: in addition to not meeting the qualification documents in line with the mandatory requirements, there are several risks: 1, the qualification process to grasp the scale of consistency of the problem; 2, the qualification of the application documents in the individual applicant's forgery.
The contract section division is the application is generally by contract category registration, through the qualification of the applicant through the lottery to determine the contract section voted. Drawing of lots will need to pay attention to is the same contract category in the determination of associated enterprises.
The bidding documents and bill of quantities should be clear on the contents of the tender and the amount of work, including the determination of provisional pricing, in order to avoid bringing trouble to the subsequent bidding and construction process.