Drainage pipe layout and laying requirements to meet the three hydraulic elements: pipe fullness, flow rate and slope.
1, the shortest pipeline, hydraulic conditions
(1) the drainage riser should be located in the dirtiest, the most impurities and the drainage of large drainage points, in order to accept the sewage as soon as possible cross-branching and reduce the chance of pipe clogging.
(2) Drainage pipes should lead to the outdoors for the shortest distance.
(3) drain pipe should be arranged in a straight line as far as possible, when restricted by conditions, it is appropriate to use two 45 ° elbow or B bend.
(4) sanitary ware drainage pipe and drainage cross branch pipe should be used 90 ° diagonal tee connection.
(5) cross pipe and cross pipe and cross pipe and riser connection is appropriate to use 45 ° three (four) pass or 90 ° oblique three (four) pass. Fittings such as right-angle downstream tee or right-angle downstream tee can also be used.
(6) the connection of the drain riser and the end of the drain pipe, it is appropriate to use two 45 ° elbow or bend radius of not less than 4 times the diameter of the 90 ° elbow.
(7) the discharge pipe should be the shortest distance to the outdoor, so as not to bury in the interior of the drainage pipe is too long, resulting in clogging, clearing maintenance inconvenience and so on; drainage pipe is too long, the slope drop is large, you must deepen the depth of burial of the outdoor pipeline. When the discharge pipe is connected with the outdoor drainage pipe, the top elevation of the discharge pipe shall not be lower than the top elevation of the outdoor drainage pipe, and the water flow angle at the connection shall not be less than 90°. When there is a fall difference and greater than 0.3m, may not be subject to angle restrictions.
(8) the lowest drainage cross-branch pipe connected to the discharge pipe or drainage cross-trunk pipe, the connection point from the bottom of the riser horizontal distance should not be less than 3.0m.
(9) when the drainage riser is only equipped with the extension of the top of the vent pipe (no special vent pipe), the lowest drainage cross-branch pipe and the riser connection from the bottom of the drainage riser vertical distance should not be less than the provisions.
(10) when the building more than 10 floors, the ground floor domestic sewage should be set up a separate pipeline discharged to the outdoors.
2, easy to install, maintain and clear
(1) try to avoid the drain pipe and other piping or equipment cross. When the discharge pipe and water supply pipe layout in the same place in and out of the building, in order to facilitate maintenance and to avoid or mitigate the leakage of drainage pipe caused by soil moisture corrosion and contamination of water supply pipe phenomenon, the horizontal distance between the water supply pipe and the outer wall of the discharge pipe shall not be less than 1.0m.
(2) Pipeline should generally be buried in the ground or laying in the ground, floor under the surface, such as construction or process has special requirements. Can be in the pipe groove, pipe well, pipe trench or ceiling concealed, but should be easy to install and maintain.
(3) the pipeline should be avoided to be arranged in the equipment vibration may be affected by the impact or heavy weight bad place, so the pipeline shall not cross the production equipment foundation.
(4) pipeline should try to avoid crossing the expansion joints, settlement joints, if you have to cross the corresponding technical measures should be taken to prevent the pipeline due to the settlement or expansion of the building internals are damaged.
(5) Distance between the center of the drainage riser pipe and the wall:
Diameter of the riser pipe (㎜) 5075100125150200
Distance between the pipe axis and the wall (㎜) 50708090110130
3. Safety of production and use
(1) The location of the drainage pipe shall not impede the production operation, transportation, or the use of the building. use.
(2) Drainage pipes shall not be arranged on top of raw materials, products and equipments which are exposed to water and cause combustion, explosion or damage.
(3) The overhead piping shall not be arranged above the living room, cafeteria, kitchen operation room for main and side food; nor shall it be arranged in the food storage room, hall, library and plant with special requirements for hygiene.
(4) overhead piping shall not be suspended in food warehouses, warehouses of valuable commodities, ventilation rooms and power distribution rooms.
(5) domestic sewage risers should try to avoid crossing bedrooms, wards and other rooms with high requirements for hygiene and installation, and should avoid being close to the interior walls adjacent to bedrooms.
(6) The pipe shall not pass through the flue or air duct.
(7) When the building has the requirement of anti-condensation, anti-condensation measures shall be taken in the place where there is a possibility of condensation on the outer wall of the pipeline.
(8) Waterproofing measures shall be taken where the pipeline passes through the outer wall of the basement or the wall of the underground structure.
4, to protect the pipeline from damage
(1) drainage buried pipeline, shall not be arranged in the place that may bear the pressure of heavy objects or through the foundation of production equipment. In special circumstances, should be handled in consultation with the relevant professional.
(2) Drainage pipes shall not pass through settlement joints, flue and air ducts, and shall not pass through expansion joints. When it is necessary to pass through by the condition limitation, corresponding technical measures shall be taken.
(3) drainage pipe through the bearing wall or foundation, should be reserved holes. And the top of the pipe headroom size shall not be less than the amount of settlement of the building, generally should not be less than 0.15m.
(4) drainage riser through the floor, should be set up casing, for the cast-in-place floor should be reserved holes or inserted into the casing, the hole size is required to be larger than the diameter of the pipe 50 ~ 100 mm.
(5) the minimum depth of the drainage pipe in the plant should be in accordance with the provisions of the railroad tracks should be used under the steel pipe or water supply cast iron pipe, and the minimum depth of burial shall not be less than 1.0m
(6) the cast iron drainage pipe in the following cases, should be set up flexible interface.
①Towering buildings and building height of more than 100m in the building.
② Drainage riser height of more than 50m or in the seismic defense of 9 degrees.
③ Other buildings in the conditions permit, can also be used flexible interface.
(7) buried drainage pipe should be anti-corrosion treatment.
(8) drainage risers should be fixed by pipe clamps, pipe clamp spacing shall not exceed 3.0m, pipe clamps should be located in the joints of the riser; suspended pipeline picking support, hanger fixing, spacing is not greater than 1.0m.
5, to prevent water pollution
(1) the following equipment and containers shall not be directly connected with the sewage (wastewater) piping system, should be taken in the way of indirect drainage.
①Living drinking water storage tank (pool) of the drain pipe and overflow pipe.
② kitchen food equipment and washing equipment drainage.
3 medical sterilization equipment drainage.
④Drainage of air-conditioning equipment such as evaporative coolers and air cooling towers.
⑤Drainage from the floor of cold storage rooms and cold storage warehouses for storing food or beverages, and the drainage from the frost dissolving water pan of chillers.
Indirect drainage refers to the sanitary appliances or water equipment discharge pipe (mouth) and discharge regardless of the channel directly connected to the middle of the air should be spaced off, so that the drain outlet directly with the atmosphere, in order to prevent the water quality is contaminated.
Note: The minimum air gap between the indirect drain of the water storage tank for beverage shall not be less than 150㎜.
(2) The drainage of the equipment room should be discharged into the neighboring washing basin, if not possible, a drainage ditch, drainage funnel or container can be set up.
(3) Indirect drainage funnel or container shall not produce splash or overflow, and shall be arranged in a position where it is easy to check and clean.
(4) drainage regardless of other pipes *** buried with the minimum horizontal clearance of 1.0 ~ 3.0m, vertical clearance of 0.15 ~ 0.2m or so. If the drain is located parallel to the water pipe, and higher than 1.5m above the clearance, the horizontal clearance shall not be less than 5.0m. cross-buried, the vertical clearance shall not be less than 0.4m, and the water pipe should be equipped with a protective casing.
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