PPC is the abbreviation of English Pay Per Click, which means pay-per-click advertising in Chinese. Pay-per-click advertising is the most commonly used online advertising form for large companies. This method is expensive, but the effect is also good. For example, Baidu bid, banner advertisement on Sohu and Sina homepage. This form of advertising charges are as follows: starting price+number of clicks x price per click. The more famous the search engine, the higher the starting price, up to tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands. And the price per click is around 0.30 yuan. There are many websites that provide pay-per-click services, mainly including major portals (such as Sohu and Sina), search engines (such as Google and Baidu), and other websites with a large number of views, such as Huajun, which provides software downloads.
Related words: bidding ranking/keyword advertising
PPC is also the abbreviation of English Pay Per Call, which means call pay advertisement in Chinese, also called call pay advertisement. Its representative is Ding's pay-per-view advertisement. Ding's pay-per-call advertisement realizes that there is no charge for display and click, which brings accurate customers only charge! Ding's pay-per-view advertisement is the third generation online advertisement after brand display advertisement and search click advertisement. It is a solution of click-to-call and pay-by-call, which provides a pay-by-call network enterprise promotion solution for enterprises, provides convenient and free telephone consultation service for consumers, and realizes accurate interaction between consumers and enterprises. Ding's pay-per-view advertising is an advanced online advertising publishing and effect monitoring platform. Ding paid advertising has built an interactive advertising service platform for advertisers, webmasters and advertisers, and achieved a win-win situation for advertisers, webmasters, consumers and all parties.
[Edit this paragraph] 2. PPC stands for PocketPC.
Pocket PC (PPC for short) is a handheld computer based on Microsoft Windows Mobile operating system.
Pocket PC adopts WinCE series system and is developed by Microsoft. PPC, also known as portable computer, is a high-end PDA product supported by most IT manufacturers, which has the characteristics of full-color LCD screen and stylus input. The appearance of PPC has greatly replaced PDA as a new fashion favorite.
Famous palmtop computer manufacturers include HTC, HP, Dell and so on.
When it comes to PPC, it's about smartphones. The main difference between smartphones is the operating system they use.
The operating systems of smart phones are mainly divided into several categories: Symbian, Microsoft MOBILE (smart phone and PPC platform), Linux and PALM.
Symbian mobile phones are the most abundant, and Microsoft Mobile (smart phone and PPC platform) operating system is more in line with computer application habits. Linux is more open, and PALM has a group of fans.
Difference between two platforms of Microsoft windows mobile smartphone
PPC or Pocket PC is the most common PDA system developed by Microsoft based on Microsoft Pocket PC system architecture, while Pocket PC Phone is the operating system developed by Microsoft for Microsoft smartphones. The biggest difference between the two is that the latter can be used as a mobile phone after inserting the SIM card, and the PDA function can be turned off after pressing the power button, but the telephone function can still be used. In terms of software compatibility, there are also many that can be used universally. At present, most smartphones based on Microsoft operating system have adopted this operating system.
Pocket PC Phone and Smartphone are both smart phone systems developed by Microsoft. They have similarities, but there are also differences.
The similarity is that both of them belong to the Windows mobile series operating system, and both of them are evolved from the Windows operating system based on Microsoft PC, so their operating interfaces are very similar. At the same time, in terms of hardware system, mobile phones using Microsoft intelligent system generally use Intel embedded processors, which has a high frequency. In addition, the smart phone using this operating system is much higher in other hardware configurations (such as memory and memory card capacity) than the smart phone using other operating systems, so the performance is relatively strong and the running speed will be faster. However, this series of mobile phones also have some shortcomings, such as high power consumption, short battery life, high configuration and high hardware cost due to many functions.
The difference is that the smart phone is developed based on the Windows CE kernel. The mobile phone based on this operating system can complete almost all operations without the help of a stylus, just using the keyboard provided by the mobile phone. Therefore, mobile phone users who use this operating system can operate with one hand, while Pocket PC Phone can only operate with a stylus, which means that the two systems have the biggest difference in operating methods. In addition, although they are all based on Windows system, they are different in application software.
PPC is a PDA.
Related links:
What is a PDA?
PDA is the abbreviation of Personal Digital Assistant, which is called "Personal Digital Assistant" according to Chinese translation. It is just a concept, which is generally an electronic device that can help to complete daily chores more efficiently, mainly focusing on the topic of personal information management (PIM). Broadly speaking, any electronic device that can realize PIM function can be called PDA, but in fact it refers to a portable handheld product.
What is PIM?
PIM is the abbreviation of personal information management, which is called "personal information management" according to Chinese translation. Generally speaking, for business people, it includes four topics (travel management, work management, business card management, and mail management), mainly to provide users with an interface and database that is convenient for recording and analyzing information around their lives.
[Edit this paragraph] 3. PPC: It means production planning center.
PPC is the abbreviation of polyene phosphatidylcholine, that is, polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine.
The human cell membrane consists of two layers: liquid lipid and protein. The fluidity of cell membrane is due to the fact that the main component of its lipid is phospholipid. Phospholipids, as the name implies, are lipids containing phosphate groups. This lipid is based on glycerol with three carbons, in which the first carbon and the second carbon are each connected with a long-chain fatty acid, which is lipophilic, and the third carbon is connected with different phosphate groups, which is hydrophilic. Phospholipids are the most important interfacial activators (emulsifiers) in human body because they are hydrophilic and lipophilic.
Phospholipids can be divided into different types according to different phosphate groups, such as phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and inositol phosphate, among which phosphatidylcholine accounts for the most.
The importance of phosphatidylcholine can be known from the proportion of phospholipids in 40% of total phospholipids in important organs of human body (such as heart, liver, kidney, lung, etc.). ). phosphatidylcholine is usually called lecithin. 1884, Frenchman Gabriel separated the lipid component containing oxytocin and phosphate group from egg yolk, so it was named lecithin. Lecithin is not only the most important lipid on human cell membrane, but also the main lipid that constitutes high density lipoprotein (HDL). Its function is to regulate the amount of cholesterol accumulated in cells and arteries. Because of its strong emulsification, it can disperse fat into particles and avoid the solidification and accumulation of fat. In fact, lecithin is not only the main component of lecithin in egg yolk (70%), but also the component with the most phosphorus content in soybean (28%). Fatty acids in lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) will affect the fluidity and permeability of cells, and also affect the functions of many enzymes on cell membranes.
Generally speaking, lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) extracted from egg yolk and soybean has a saturated fatty acid and an unsaturated fatty acid (linoleic acid). German scholars further analyzed soybean lecithin (phosphatidylcholine), and found that a kind of lecithin containing a pair of flax oleic acid was called "Bisflax oleic acid phosphatidylcholine" (abbreviated as 1, 2- phosphocholine, abbreviated as DDP, LPC), also called polyunsaturated fatty acid phosphatidylcholine (abbreviated as PPC). Compared with ordinary lecithin (phosphatidylcholine), PPC contains more unsaturated fatty acids, and one of its two unsaturated fatty acids (linolenic acid) is cis-form, which has a curved structure, so it is easier to enter the cell membrane than other lecithin (phosphatidylcholine), and it can also increase the fluidity and permeability of the cell membrane.
According to the experimental data, the permeability of PPC cell membrane is more than 20 times that of other cell membranes containing saturated fatty acid lecithin. Therefore, PPC is considered as an ideal nutrient that can change the function of cell membrane. Unfortunately, the content of PPC in soybean is quite small. In fact, 1.5 kg of soybean can only extract 1.8 g of PPC, and there is almost no PPC in egg yolk. Due to the difficulty in purification of PPC, the clinical application of PPC is affected. In recent years, due to the progress of extraction technology, high-purity soybean extract PPC finally appeared and was used as a nutrient for cell membrane repair in clinic.
Choline is an important nutrient in animals and one of the components of many important substances. In recent years, it has been found that choline phospholipid plays an important role in cell signal transmission, and if it is affected in this process, it will lead to abnormal cell growth. When the receptors on the cell surface are stimulated by hormones, growth factors and other substances, phospholipase on the cell membrane will be activated to hydrolyze phospholipids to produce diacylglycerol (DAG) and other products, and then key regulatory enzymes such as protein kinase C (PKC) will be activated to regulate important physiological reactions such as cell growth. The metabolism of DAG is very fast, so the hydrolysis of phosphoinositide 4,5-diphosphate (PIP 2) can only last for a short time. When cells need to be stimulated for a long time, high content of phosphatidylcholine (PC) is hydrolyzed to produce a large number of DAG to maintain PKC activity, such as cell proliferation and differentiation. The tumor cells produced by choline deficiency have the phenomenon of c-myc gene amplification; On the other hand, the lack of choline will cause a large amount of lipid accumulation in the liver, the content of DRG on the cell membrane is higher than that in the normal group, and the activity of PKC on the cell membrane is also higher than that in the normal group. However, the content of DAG in human rectal tumor cells is lower than that in normal cells regardless of tumor size. Because of these findings, choline has more important physiological functions in nutrition, health and disease. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is the most common phospholipid, which is usually extracted from egg yolk or soybean.
[Edit this paragraph] 4. Ppc (short for pear PC)
PearPC: a software that can realize the dream of installing Mac OS X on PC.
[Edit this paragraph] 5. Ppc (short for powerpc)
In the 1990s, IBM (International Business Machines Corporation), Apple (Apple) and Motorola (Motorola) successfully developed PowerPC chips and manufactured multiprocessor computers based on PowerPC. PowerPC architecture is characterized by good scalability, convenience and flexibility.
PowerPC architecture specification is published in 1993, which is a 64-bit specification (including 32 subsets). Almost all common PowerPC (except the new model IBM RS/6000 and all IBM pSeries high-end servers) are 32-bit.
PowerPC processor can be implemented in a wide range, from high-end server CPU such as Power4 to embedded CPU market (Nintendo Gamecube uses PowerPC). PowerPC processor has very strong embedded performance, because it has excellent performance, low energy consumption and low heat dissipation. Apart from integrated I/O such as serial and Ethernet controllers, this embedded processor is very different from "desktop" CPU. For example, 4xx series PowerPC processors lack floating-point operations, and also use software-controlled TLB for memory management, instead of using inverted page tables like desktop chips.
PowerPC processor has 32 (32-bit or 64-bit) GPR (general register) and various other registers such as PC (program counter, also known as IAR// instruction address register or NIP// next instruction pointer), LR (link register), CR (condition register) and so on. Some PowerPC CPU also have 32 64-bit FPR (floating point registers).
PowerPC architecture is an example of RISC architecture. Therefore:
All PowerPC (including 64-bit implementations) use fixed-length 32-bit instructions.
The PowerPC processing model retrieves data from memory, operates on it in registers, and then stores it back into memory. Few instructions (except loading and storing) operate directly on memory.
[Edit this paragraph ]6. PPC of search engine marketing
PPC (Pay-per-click) search engine, also known as PFP (Pay-per-effect), is an online advertising pricing model that pays according to the number of users who click on advertisements or emails. .
The biggest feature of PPC advertising service is that customers only need to pay for the actual visit. In other words, only when the customer's website advertising link is actually clicked, will the cost be incurred. Therefore, the high target of the number of visits is guaranteed.
The second feature of PPC advertising service is the controllability of website ranking, that is, customers can control their website ranking in specific keyword search results by adjusting the pay-per-click price.
At the same time, the first 3-5 pages of search results of PPC search engines are often cited by their search partner websites. For example, the websites of the top three customers of Overture advertising service will also appear on the home pages of well-known websites such as MSN and Yahoo.
In addition, compared with the paid inclusion services and full-page advertisements of some large search engines, the cost of PPC advertisements is relatively lower. Therefore, this service can be regarded as an effective way to bring targeted visits to the website and avoid investment risks. Its disadvantage is that for some small and medium-sized companies, its cost is still a bit high and it is difficult to manage.
7. Paris Peace Conference
1919 65438+10 18 From June 28th, the peace conference between the victors (Allies) and the defeated countries (Allies) of the First World War was held at the Palace of Versailles in Paris. ***27 countries participated, and Russia was not invited. The meeting advertised the establishment of permanent world peace through peacemaking. In fact, it was Britain, France, the United States, Japan and Italy, the victors of imperialism, who distributed the spoils, re-divided the world and planned the meeting against the proletarian revolution and the national liberation movement.
[Edit this paragraph] Preparations for the meeting
In order to establish the hegemonic position of the United States in the post-war world, as early as during the war, American President Wilson appointed his assistant House to form an organization specializing in the post-war peace conference. The British Foreign Office also organized an expert group to discuss Britain's response to the Peace Conference once the war is over. 1918 65438+10. After Wilson put forward the principle of 14, House arrived in Paris to hold consultations with the heads of government of France, Britain and Italy on the issue of convening a post-war peace conference. 1919 65438+1October 13 ~ 17 Britain, France, the United States, Japan and Italy held a preparatory meeting for the Paris Peace Conference, and the rules of procedure of the Peace Conference were formulated behind most countries. It is stipulated that Britain, France, the United States, Japan, which means "belligerents with universal interests", can participate in all meetings of the Peace Conference. Belgium, China, Serbia and other countries are "warring parties with personal interests" and can only attend meetings related to their own countries. Countries that have broken diplomatic relations with Germany, such as Bolivia, can only state their opinions orally or in writing when the five major countries think it necessary. The rules of procedure also limit the number of plenipotentiaries of all participating countries, with five from each of the five major countries, three from Belgium, Serbia and Brazil, and two from China and Poland, making a total of 70.
[Edit this paragraph] Organization of the meeting
The Paris Peace Conference was held under the control of the victorious imperialist countries from beginning to end.
(1) The meeting of major powers, that is, the meeting of the five major powers, discusses and decides all major issues of the peace conference. First, there was a "meeting of ten people", which was organized by Wilson and Lansing Company in the United States and Lloyd's Company in the United Kingdom. George and Belfo, French Kerry Duhamel Du Monceau and Bi Sheng, Italian Orlando and Sannino, Japanese Saionji Kinmochi and Makino Nobuaki. The "Ten-nation Meeting" is a "regular formal meeting" of the five major countries, which was held more than 60 times during the Peace Conference. 1965438+From March 26th, 2009, the "ten-person meeting" was reduced to a "four-person meeting", that is, the leaders of Britain, France, the United States and Italy held private consultations on European issues in the peace conference (Italian Prime Minister Orlando left the meeting on April 23rd, and the leaders of Britain, France and the United States controlled the situation in the form of a "three-person meeting").
(2) The preparatory meeting for peace, that is, the plenary meeting of the twenty-seven countries, was held only six times during the peace conference, just as a formality.
(3) At the formal peace conference, the representatives of the Allies met with the representatives of the former enemy countries respectively, once submitting the final draft of the peace treaty and once signing the peace treaty.
(4) There are 52 special committees attached to the Committee and the CPC, dealing with the League of Nations, compensation, territorial issues, treaty drafting, war responsibility, international river and port railways, etc.
[Edit this paragraph] The process of the meeting
1919 65438+10/8 held its first plenary meeting in the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Paris.
65438+1On October 25th, the second plenary meeting adopted a resolution to organize the League of Nations. At the fifth plenary meeting on April 24th, the Covenant of the League of Nations was adopted.
19191~ In April, Britain, France, the United States, Japan and Italy discussed the issue of making peace with Germany, and there was a heated debate among big countries. After the war, Germany's western border, the ownership of Saar region, Germany's compensation and the handling of Germany's former colonies all became difficult problems at the peace conference, because the victorious imperialist countries all had their own plans to divide the spoils. After compromise, the final draft text of the peace treaty with Germany was handed over to Brockdorff Cao Lan, the representative of the German government, on May 7th. Germany objected to some of the contents of the draft several times, but the victorious countries such as Britain and France only made minor changes to the draft peace treaty.
On June 28th, the signing ceremony of the agreement and peace treaty between the participating countries and Germany was held in the mirror hall of Versailles, a suburb of Paris. German Foreign Minister Mueller and others signed on behalf of Germany. The peace treaty of Versailles with Germany was established, and the peace treaty with the German allies was signed separately after the Paris Peace Conference. At the request of the people of China, the China delegation proposed to the Peace Conference to recover all the rights of German occupation of Jiaozhou Bay in China, Ji Jiao Railway and Shandong before the war. Japan actually requested and agreed to transfer Germany's rights and interests of aggression against China to Japan, which was supported by Britain and France. Due to the contradiction between the United States and Japan in the Pacific Ocean and the Far East, the United States was initially ambiguous about Japan's invasion of China. Later, Japan threatened to withdraw from the peace treaty, and the United States turned to support Japan. Under the impact of the May 4th Movement, the China delegation had to refuse to sign the Treaty of Versailles. The imperialist powers also secretly formulated plans for armed intervention and economic blockade against the Soviet Union and Russia.
The representative of China put forward seven conditions of hope for the Paris Peace Conference:
1. abolish the sphere of influence
2. Withdraw foreign troops and patrol officers.
3. Cancel foreign post offices and wired and wireless telegraph institutions.
4. Revocation of consular jurisdiction
5. Return the leased land
6. Return the concession
7. Right to tariff freedom
[Edit this paragraph] Meeting results
Signed the unequal Treaty of Versailles.
I. Overview
The Treaty of Versailles is divided into 15, with 440 articles. According to the treaty, Germany lost 65,438+00% of its territory, 65,438+02.5% of its population, all its overseas colonies (including East Africa, Southwest Africa, Cameroon, Togo and New Guinea), 65,438+06% of its coal-producing areas and half of its steel industry.
Second, the decision of the border.
Alsace and Lorraine were ceded to France at the armistice on June 5438+091865438+1October1,and France restored its borders before the Franco-Prussian War.
After the referendum, North Schleswig returned to Denmark.
Recognize Poland's independence and give Poland a coastline. Return the territory originally belonging to Poland, including West Prussia, Posen Province, part of East Prussia and part of Upper Silesia; East Silesia to Czechoslovakia.
Danzig is managed by the League of Nations and is called Danzig Freedom City.
Ceding Ubon and Salmedi to Belgium; Clay Pether was granted to Lithuania (1923).
The Saar coal mining area was managed by France for 15 years, and then its ownership was decided by referendum.
Germany recognizes Austria's independence and can never merge with it.
Recognize Luxembourg's independence.
Return the rights and interests in Shandong to China; But it was later transferred to Japan because of article 2 1 This triggered the May 4th Movement and refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles. China announced the end of its war with Germany in 19 19, and signed a peace treaty with Germany again in 192 1.
All overseas colonies were distributed by the victorious countries.
In addition, other unequal treaties have been signed with other defeated countries.