Laser cutting machine system generally consists of a laser generator, (external) beam transmission components, worktable (machine tool), microcomputer numerical control cabinet, cooler and computer (hardware and software) and other components.
1, the host part of the machine tool: laser cutting machine part of the machine tool to achieve the X, Y, Z-axis of the movement of the mechanical part, including the cutting work platform. Used to place the workpiece to be cut, and can move correctly and accurately in accordance with the control program, usually driven by servo motors.
2, laser generator: the device that generates the laser light source. For the use of laser cutting, in addition to a few occasions using YAG solid-state lasers, the vast majority of the use of electrical - optical conversion efficiency and can output higher power CO2 gas lasers.
As laser cutting requires high beam quality, not all lasers can be used for cutting. Gaussian mode is suitable for less than 1500W, low-order mode CO2 lasers 100W-3000W, and multi-mode 3000W or more.
3, external optical path: refractive mirrors, used to direct the laser in the desired direction. In order to keep the beam path from failing, all reflectors should be protected by a protective cover, and pass into a clean positive pressure protective gas to protect the lens from contamination. A set of well-performing lenses will focus a beam with no divergence angle into an infinitesimal spot. Generally use 5.0-inch focal length lens. 7.5-inch lens is only used for >12mm thick material.
4, CNC system: control the machine tool to achieve X, Y, Z-axis movement, but also control the output power of the laser.
5, voltage regulator: connected between the laser, CNC machine tools and power supply system. Mainly prevent the role of external power grid interference.
6, cutting head: mainly including cavity, focusing lens seat, focusing mirror, capacitive sensor and auxiliary gas nozzle and other parts. The cutting head drive device is used to drive the cutting head along the Z-axis direction according to the program, which is composed of servo motor and transmission parts such as screw or gear.
7, the operator console: used to control the entire cutting device work process.
8, chiller: used to cool the laser generator. Laser is the use of electrical energy into light energy conversion device, such as CO2 gas laser conversion rate is generally 20%, the remaining energy is transformed into heat.
Cooling water to take away excess heat to maintain the normal operation of the laser generator. The chiller also cools the machine's external optical path mirrors and focusing mirrors to ensure stable beam transmission quality, and effectively prevent the lens temperature is too high and lead to deformation or blow-up.
9, gas cylinders: including laser cutting machine working medium gas cylinders and auxiliary gas cylinders, used to replenish the laser shock of industrial gases and supply cutting head with auxiliary gas.
10, air compressor, storage tank: to provide and store compressed air.
11, air cooling dryer, filter: used to supply clean dry air to the laser generator and beam path to maintain the normal operation of the path and reflector.
12, extraction and dust removal machine: extraction of smoke and dust generated during processing, and filtering treatment, so that the exhaust emissions in line with environmental protection standards.
13, slag machine: exclude the processing of the edge residue and waste materials, etc..
Expanded Information:
Laser cutting is realized by applying the high power density energy generated by laser focusing. Under the control of the computer, the laser is discharged by pulses, so as to output a controlled repetition of high-frequency pulsed laser, forming a certain frequency, a certain pulse width of the beam.
The pulsed laser beam is conducted and reflected through the optical path and focused on the surface of the processed object through the focusing lens group, forming a fine, high-energy density spot, the focal spot is located in the vicinity of the surface to be processed to melt or vaporize the processed material at high temperature in an instant.
Each high-energy laser pulse instantly sputtering the surface of the object a tiny hole in the computer control, the laser processing head and the material to be processed according to the pre-drawn graphic for continuous relative motion punching, so that the object will be processed into the desired shape.
The process parameters (cutting speed, laser power, gas pressure, etc.) and the trajectory of the movement are controlled by the CNC system, and the slag at the slit is blown away by the auxiliary gas at a certain pressure.
Second, the use of precautions
1, comply with the general safety regulations for cutting machines. Strictly in accordance with the laser startup procedures to start the laser, dimming, test machine.
2, the operator must be trained, familiar with the cutting software, equipment structure, performance, master the knowledge of the operating system.
3, in accordance with the provisions of the wear good labor protective equipment, in the vicinity of the laser beam must be worn in accordance with the provisions of the protective glasses.
4, in the absence of clear whether a material can be irradiated or cut with a laser, do not process it, so as to avoid the potential danger of smoke and vapor.
5, equipment start operators shall not leave their posts or trustees to be managed, such as indeed need to leave should stop or cut off the power switch.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Laser Cutting Machine