1. What are the precautions for project contracting?
Before concealing the concealed project, the contractor shall notify the contractor for inspection. Only if the contractor passes the inspection can the concealed project be carried out.
In practice, when the project meets the conditions for coverage and concealment, the contractor should first conduct a self-inspection. After passing the self-inspection, the contractor or the construction site representative assigned by the contractor shall be notified in a timely manner before the concealed project is concealed. Inspect the conditions of the concealed project and participate in the operation of the concealed project. The notice includes the contractor's self-inspection record, hidden content, inspection time and location.
After receiving the notice, the contractor or its dispatched construction site representative shall arrive at the concealed site within the required time and inspect the conditions of the concealed project. If the inspection is qualified, the contractor or its dispatched construction site representative shall After signing the inspection record, the contractor can proceed with concealed construction only after passing the inspection. If the contractor discovers that the concealed engineering conditions are unqualified during inspection, it has the right to require the contractor to improve the engineering conditions within a certain period of time.
If the conditions of the concealed project meet the requirements of the specification and the contractor has passed the inspection, if the contractor or its representative stationed at the construction site refuses to sign the inspection record after the inspection, in practice it can be regarded as that the contractor has approved it and the contractor People can carry out concealed engineering construction. If the contractor fails to inspect the concealed engineering conditions as scheduled after receiving the notice, the contractor shall urge the contractor to conduct the inspection within a reasonable period of time.
Because the contractor does not conduct inspections, the contractor cannot carry out concealed construction. Therefore, if the contractor notifies the contractor to inspect and the contractor fails to conduct the inspection in time, the contractor has the right to suspend the construction. The contractor can postpone the construction period and require the contractor to compensate for the resulting losses such as shutdown, delay in work, backlog of materials and components, etc.
If the contractor does not notify the employer of inspection and carries out concealed projects on its own, the employer shall have the right to require inspection of the concealed projects afterwards, and the contractor shall carry out the work in accordance with the requirements and re-expose it after inspection. Concealed or repaired and concealed. If upon inspection the concealment work does not meet the requirements, the contractor shall rework and conceal it again.
In this case, the costs incurred in inspecting the concealed project, such as inspection fees, rework costs, material costs, etc., shall be borne by the contractor. The contractor shall also bear breach of contract liability for delay in construction period.
2. What are the basic knowledge of construction construction?
Basic knowledge of construction construction 1. The main common problems in current project quality 1. Uneven settlement of foundation 2. Rigid roof leakage, membrane The roof is hollow or leaking 3. Concrete honeycomb, pitted surface, rat holes, leaking reinforcements 4. The floor is extremely thick and has three cracks (sand, peeling, shelling, and cracks) 5. The connection between the inner and outer brick walls Does not meet the requirements, the wall surface is seriously uneven, and the masonry is left straight. 6. The wall paint is rough, super thick, blistered, crusted, and cracked. 7. Bathrooms, kitchens, and balconies have water accumulation, leakage, and flooding. 8. Doors and windows Warping and deformation, too large window sash seams, too large door frame seams 9. Welding bites, slag inclusions, and incomplete welds 10. Pipe installation is uneven, not straight, leaking, and insulation materials fall off and crack. 2. During construction, What does the so-called "five no-nos" mean? 1. Projects that have not been designed by a certified design unit or have unqualified designs are not allowed to be constructed. 2. Raw materials that do not have factory certification and have not been retested in accordance with regulations are not allowed to be used. 3. Unqualified materials Building components are not allowed to leave the factory or be used. 4. All projects must be constructed and accepted in strict accordance with national regulations, and standards are not allowed to be lowered. 5. Projects and components that do not meet the quality standards are not allowed to report the completed area and output, nor are they allowed to be reported. Output value is not calculated 3. How to classify construction organization design? Construction organization design is generally divided into four categories according to the size of the construction scale, the complexity of the construction process, the importance of the construction project, etc.: 1. Large and medium-sized construction projects should be prepared General design of construction organization 2. Small construction projects, relatively complex unit projects or unit projects constructed with new structures and new processes should be prepared. Construction organization design 3. Unit projects with simple structures, or construction projects that are frequently constructed and adopt standard drawings, A construction plan should be prepared. 4. For new technology projects or sub-projects with special requirements, special technical measures should be prepared according to the characteristics and needs of the project. 4. What are the warranty scopes of construction projects? 1. Roof leakage. 2. Flue and exhaust. The holes and air ducts are blocked. 3. The indoor floor is hollow, lined, sandy, the facing bricks are loose, and the ground with waterproof requirements is leaking. 4. Plastering, facing bricks, wallpaper, paint, etc. of the internal and external walls and ceiling. 5. Unit project construction organization What content should be included in the design? 1. Overview of the project: location, building area, structural type, architectural features and construction requirements, etc. 2. Main preparation work plan: preparation and use plan for access conditions, labor, materials, machinery, etc., 3. Specific arrangements for Tongyiping, construction of prefabricated components, ordering of special materials, erection of temporary facilities, etc. 3. Construction plan: division of flow sections, construction sequence and construction methods of major projects, coordination of civil construction and equipment installation operations, labor organization and related technical measures, such as winter rainy season, night construction measures and other main construction methods and technical measures. 4. Project schedule: determine the project and calculate the project volume; determine the labor volume and the number of construction machinery shifts; determine each branch and sub-item During the working days of the project, consider the overlap of the processes and arrange the construction progress. Prepare a demand plan for labor, materials, finished products, semi-finished products, machinery, etc. 5. Construction site layout: stacking locations of various materials, components, semi-finished products, water, electricity The layout of pipelines, the location of machinery and the layout of various temporary facilities, etc. 6. Technical and economic indicators and quality and safety measures 6. Simple project construction organization design content Simple project construction organization design, generally only the construction plan is prepared, the content includes: project characteristics; main Construction methods and technical measures; unit project progress schedule; material, labor, and machine tool use plans; site layout plan. Referred to as one picture, one table, one plan. 7. What original data are needed to prepare construction organization design 1. Topographic data 2. Geological data 3. Hydrogeological data 4. Meteorological data: temperature, rain, wind data 5. Construction site data: demolition of buildings, site leveling project quantities, etc. 6. Local construction industry conditions: quarrying sites, building materials, ingredients and structures Production and supply situation, including product name, specifications, quantity, quality, price, transportation, etc. 7. Local resource situation: including limestone, clay, sand, stone, coal ash, etc. that can be mined and utilized 8. Traffic conditions 9. Construction base situation 10. Situation of labor force and living facilities 11. Water supply and power supply conditions 12. Situation of local construction institutions: name and level of the construction institution, available strength 8. The method of joint review of drawings shall be organized by the construction unit, explained by the design unit, and participated by the construction unit , explain and review the formal design documents signed by the design unit, and the final signed drawing review record must be stamped with the official seal of each unit as a technical
Technical document archive 9. Which items during construction should be subject to technical review 1. Building positioning: standard axis piles, level lines, gantry plate axis and elevation 2. Foundation: geology, location, elevation, size 3. Template: size, location, Elevation, embedded parts, reserved holes, firmness, internal cleaning and moistening or isolating agent 4. Reinforced concrete: concrete mix ratio, material, cement grade and type, steel bar overlap and welding length, protective layer retention, prefabricated components 5. Brick masonry: axis position, scale rod, mortar mix ratio 6. Large sample drawing: There are too many shapes, sizes, and prefabricated positions in the large sample drawing for special projects. Take a look at it yourself.
3. Ask for the detailed content of "Safety Knowledge in Construction" (100 points, 100 points will be added after adoption)
Safety accidents are as fierce as tigers. A building that occurred in a certain district of our city last month The collapse still leaves us with lingering fears.
The occurrence of construction accidents is largely caused by the lack of construction safety awareness and construction safety knowledge of construction workers. Sometimes, a small negligence may cause serious accidents, and we must not take it lightly.
This special issue publishes some construction safety knowledge for readers to learn and understand. In construction, there is a lot of work at heights.
The so-called high-altitude work refers to any work performed at a high place where the fall height is more than 2m (including 2m) above the reference plane, and there is a possibility of falling. It is called high-altitude work. Because the working surface at height is small, surrounded by air, strong winds, and there are many vertical cross-cutting operations, it is a very complex and dangerous work. A little negligence will cause serious accidents.
When working at heights, the "Technical Specifications for Safety in Construction at Heights" must be strictly followed. 1. Types and causes of accidents involving work at heights 1. Workers working at heights lack proper safety technical knowledge and self-protection awareness.
2. The safety protection facilities and equipment for working at heights are not perfect. 3. The material being stepped on is not strong enough.
4. When moving the position when working at heights, there will be slipping, slipping, and instability. 5. Failure to take protective measures as required when working on three-dimensional vertical intersections.
6. When working at heights, due to improper positioning or operating errors, the worker is hit by objects, gets electric shock, or falls due to wind, etc. 2. Safety regulations must be strictly followed when working at heights. 1. Personnel working at heights must wear tight-fitting overalls, non-slip shoes, a safety helmet on their head, and a safety belt around their waists.
2. When encountering heavy fog, heavy rain and strong winds above level 6, it is prohibited to work at heights. 3. Tools that are not used temporarily when working at heights should be put into the tool bag and taken with you whenever you need them.
Frequently used tools should be tied around the body. Unused tools and dismantled materials should be dropped to the ground using tethers and should not be thrown downward to avoid falling and injuring people. After the operation is completed, it should be cleaned up and transported to the designated location in time to prevent it from being left on the job site and causing injury to people.
3. Safety operating specifications for cross-operations High-altitude operations that are carried out simultaneously at different levels (heights) above and below the construction site are called cross-operations. The safe operating regulations are: 1. Operators are not allowed to work on the same vertical plane when performing upper and lower three-dimensional crossing operations.
The working position on the lower level must be outside the possible falling range of working objects on the upper level; when this cannot be met, an isolation protective layer should be installed between the upper and lower levels. When the height of high-rise buildings exceeds 24m, cross-cutting operations are required.
Double-layer protection facilities should be installed. 2. Workers on lower floors are prohibited from resting under protective railings, platforms, etc.
4. Safety operating specifications for climbing operations At the construction site, high-altitude operations performed under climbing conditions with the help of climbing tools or climbing facilities are called climbing operations. The safe operation regulations are: 1. Operators should go up and down through the prescribed passages, and are not allowed to climb or jump in non-prescribed passages such as between balconies.
2. When going up or down a ladder, you must face the ladder and hold it firmly with both hands. You are not allowed to climb with objects in hand. 3. It is prohibited to work on balcony railings, steel bars and pipe frames, formwork and their supporting rods.
4. It is prohibited to walk or work along roof trusses, purlins and unfixed objects. 5. Personnel should use special passages to get on and off the scaffolding, and it is prohibited to climb up and down the scaffolding poles.
When working or walking on scaffolding, pay attention to the probe board under your feet.
5. Protective measures for high-altitude work 1. Protection of high-altitude working platforms There should be protective railings of 1-1.2m around the high-altitude working platforms, and the railings should be closed with dense mesh.
The bottom is surrounded by 18cm high-grade footboards, and the platform board is a 5cm thick wooden footboard. The platform is equipped with a ladder for workers to get up and down. The ladder must be firmly fixed to the platform frame, and the distance between the pedals is 30cm.
2. Protection of edge operations When working at high altitudes, there are no enclosure facilities at the edge of the working surface, or when there are enclosure facilities but the height is less than 0.8m, the high-altitude operations are considered as edge operations. Side work. Protective railings should be erected on the edges of balconies, floors, roofs, foundation pits, etc., and external dense mesh should be hung to seal them.
When using scaffolding to build a wall, the outside of the scaffolding should be closed with dense mesh; the gap between the inside and the wall should also be closed to prevent people and objects from falling. 3. Hole protection During the construction process, there are various holes and holes, which pose certain safety risks.
The holes and openings should be sealed firmly and tightly according to the size and location of the holes and the requirements of the construction plan. If it is to be dismantled, it must be approved by the person in charge of the construction site.
6. Construction trauma rescue knowledge 1. Treatment of open wounds ① Clean and disinfect the wound. Use saline and alcohol cotton balls to remove sand, dirt, etc. from the wound and surrounding skin. Clean it, use clean gauze to absorb moisture and bleeding, and then use alcohol and other drugs for preliminary disinfection. In the absence of disinfection conditions, the wound can be rinsed with clean water, preferably running tap water, and then blotted dry with a clean cloth or dressing.
② Stop bleeding. For wounds that continue to bleed, whether the bleeding can be stopped promptly and effectively will have a great impact on the life safety of the wounded. ③ In first aid for burns, the source of the burn should be removed first, the injured should be moved to a well-ventilated place as soon as possible, and the injured surface should be wrapped with clean clothes to prevent re-contamination; at the scene, in addition to chemical burns, large amounts of running water can be used to wash the wound surface. Generally no treatment is required, try not to break the blisters and protect the epidermis.
2. Treatment of closed trauma ① For minor closed trauma, such as local contusion and subcutaneous bleeding, cold compress can be applied to the injured area to prevent continued swelling of the tissue and reduce subcutaneous bleeding. ② If a person is found to have fallen from a height or been injured due to an accident, do not move the patient at will.
③ If internal injuries are suspected, the wounded should receive medical treatment as soon as possible; when transporting the wounded, they should be in a lying position, handle with care, keep the respiratory tract open, and prevent shock. ④If breathing or cardiac arrest suddenly occurs during transportation, artificial respiration should be carried out immediately.
Related news links: ■ A falling accident occurred at the Dongjiao Electric Wire and Cable Factory in Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, resulting in one death. A worker at the cable factory was installing a boiler. Since the installation of the boiler required the removal of asbestos tiles on the roof of the boiler room, the worker went up to the roof to work without any protective equipment. As a result, the asbestos tiles were accidentally crushed, causing his body to collapse. Fatal fall from roof to ground.
■ A fall accident occurred when a construction company in Shanghai was dismantling a safety net, killing three people. Three workers from the construction company did not conduct a careful inspection before dismantling the safety net, and did not find that the fixed point on the east side of the safety net had been damaged.
When three people stepped into the flat net,.
4. What are the safety precautions for construction sites?
1. Before entering the construction site, construction workers must be educated and assessed on construction safety and fire protection knowledge. Those who fail the assessment will Employees are prohibited from entering the construction site to participate in the construction.
2. Strictly implement operating procedures, and shall not give orders or perform illegal operations. We have the right to refuse instructions for illegal operations and have the responsibility to stop others from illegal operations. 3. Personal protective equipment must be worn correctly during construction operations, and a safety helmet must be worn when entering the construction site.
Private use of fire is not allowed, and operating under the influence of alcohol is strictly prohibited. 4. Personnel engaged in high-altitude operations should experience it regularly.
Anyone suffering from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and those who are not suitable for high-altitude operations are not allowed to engage in high-altitude operations. 5. Be sure to wear non-slip shoes when working at heights, on steel bars, or on structures.
6. On-site electricity use must be managed by dedicated personnel, and a dedicated distribution box must be set up. Indiscriminate connections and connections are strictly prohibited, and an electricity usage tagging system must be adopted to prevent illegal operations and prevent personal, circuit and equipment accidents. occurrence.
7. Electric power and distribution boxes for electric drills, electric hammers, electric welders and other electric tools must have leakage protection devices and good grounding protective ground wires. All electric tools and cables must be inspected regularly to ensure good insulation. When using electric tools Insulated shoes and insulated gloves should be worn.
8. The electricity used for construction lighting on the construction site must use a safe voltage of less than 36 volts. All electrical equipment must cut off the power supply at any time when not in use to prevent equipment from burning out. 9. Where blowtorches, welding machines, or fires are necessary, a fire application registration must be filled in and a dedicated person shall be assigned to supervise the area. Fire-fighting equipment must be brought along to ensure the implementation of fire-fighting measures.
When welding, pay special attention to check whether there are flammable objects below and take appropriate protection. Check after use to confirm that there is no fire before leaving. 10. When working at high altitudes and on construction sites, such as piping and wiring, equipment installation and commissioning, safety technical regulations must be strictly implemented. Illegal operations are strictly prohibited for smooth operation and may cause accidents that should not occur.
11. During the entire construction process, the national, provincial, municipal, and ministries’ regulations and relevant provisions on engineering fire protection must be strictly implemented. 12. Regularly prepare and maintain fire-fighting equipment, and be able to maintain and use it.
Conscientiously implement the level-by-level fire protection responsibility system and do a good job in fire protection.
Extended information: Safe construction also requires a safety system 1. Establish a safety responsibility system and identify responsible persons.
Safety measures are a series of activities for planning, organizing, directing, coordinating or monitoring the safety production of construction projects. It can ensure personal safety, equipment safety, structural safety, property safety during construction and create appropriate construction environment. During construction, we must adhere to the policy of "safety first, prevention first".
The project leader is the person responsible for the project. The focus of control is the unsafe behavior of personnel during construction, the unsafe state of equipment and facilities, unsafe factors in the operating environment and unsafe defects in management. The responsible person must conduct safety inspections before construction to nip unsafe factors in the bud.
2. Set up a full-time safety officer to be fully responsible for the safety of construction projects, coordinate project safety production work, and ensure and supervise the implementation of various measures. 3. Strengthen safety education and publicity work to further improve safety awareness.
4. Strengthen construction site management. Adhere to the system of "three no-misses", "pre-construction disclosure and post-construction evaluation", strengthen the safety management of electricity use at construction sites, and strictly comply with the "Technical Specifications for Electricity Safety at Construction Sites" and other relevant regulations.
5. Construction should be carried out in strict accordance with specifications and procedures. Staff members must carry out construction in strict accordance with construction specifications, be cautious during construction, and eliminate any chance of taking any chances. They must deeply understand that "safety in production" is the main factor in striving for efficiency.