Shannan region governed county. Located in the south of Tibet autonomous region, east of linzhi area, east of lang county, south of lengzi county, qu song county, west to sangri county, north of linzhi area, work cloth jiangda county.
Gacha, the Tibetan language "Han salt" meaning. Gacha is the Tubo period of frequent activities, belongs to the Tabu area. 1951 years ago, divided into Gacha Zong and Lazui, for the Tabu Gongbu general administration. 1959, Gacha Zong and Lazui merged into the Gacha County.
Gacha county north-south length 102.2 kilometers, east-west width 88.2 kilometers, a total area of 4492 square kilometers. The county government is located in the town of Anwang. Jurisdiction of 2 towns, 5 townships. The total population of 1.67 million, Tibetans accounted for 98.5% of the total population, and a few Han, Hui, Lhoba, Menba people.
Basic profile
Gacha County is located in the southeastern part of the Tibet Autonomous Region, the middle reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, the county government is distributed in the north and south banks of the Yarlung Tsangpo River. Its east and north and linchi area of langxian, kongbu jiangda county border; West to sangri, qusong two counties; South and rongzi county adjoining. The county's geographical area ranges from 92 ° 14 ′ - 93 ° 07 ′ longitude, latitude 28 ° 49 ′ ~ 29 ° 43 ′, the county's total area of 4,646 square kilometers, the political area of the maximum distance between east and west 88.2 kilometers, north and south of the maximum distance of 102.2 kilometers. National Defense Highway east-west across the county, along the National Defense Highway westbound, from Shannan region, the seat of the Office of the Zedang town 160 kilometers, 350 kilometers from the autonomous regional capital of Lhasa; eastbound, 70 kilometers from Langxian. County jurisdiction over 2 towns and 5 townships, with a total population of 17,533 people, the county population of more than 3,000.
Gacha County is mainly agricultural agriculture and animal husbandry county, agriculture is an important economic pillar of the county. Gacha County *** has 23577.3 acres of arable land, pasture area of 309,226 acres, all kinds of livestock 116,983 head (only). The main crop varieties are wheat, barley, potatoes, broad beans, oilseed rape, etc., crops are cooked once a year. The county is very rich in forestry resources, and its forest coverage is the highest county in Shannan area, amounting to 30.35%. The forest reserve is 1.338 million cubic meters. The economic forest is mainly apple orchards, with an area of 1,200 acres, while walnuts in the river valley area of Gacha County are also important economic forests, which have a high oil content and an oil yield of up to 65% or more.
Gacha County has abundant natural resources, has been proved in the Yarlung Zangbo River along the distribution of more than alluvial gold ore points, the average grade in the 0.078 grams / cubic meter or so; and this area of chromite grade up to 55.27%. The wild medicinal herbs in the mountain forest area mainly include Cordyceps sinensis, musk, shellac, Angelica sinensis, snow lotus, ginseng, wolfsbane, a branch of Artemisia annua, and small cork plants available for the extraction of canthaxanthin as well as the gradual endangerment of the plant, yellow peony, etc. The wild animals include horse deer, white-lipped deer and other wild animals. Wild animals include horse deer, white-lipped deer, snow leopard, black bear, brown bear, horse bear, marmot, Tibetan horse chicken, musk, dry otter, otter, money leopard and other species. In the Yarlung Tsangpo River waters grow seven species of fish, including the Lhasa Split-bellied Fish, Naked-bellied Heavy-lipped Fish Double-bearded Heavy-lipped Fish.
History
Gacha Tibetan meaning "Han salt". Legend has it that when Princess Wencheng passed through this place, she put a piece of salt in a hole, from which salt water flowed out, hence the name. Gacha was once a key place in the Tuoqiang period of high activity.
In 1991 the cultural relics census, had investigated in gacha county cold, counting, an around, pull sui and other townships found part of the sarcophagus burial remains, this part of the sarcophagus burials in a class of the whole piece of stone planks and become a sarcophagus, the excavation of pottery bowl, pots and pots of a kind of pottery, but did not see the excavation of metal ware. Combined with the discovery of sarcophagus burial remains in Tibet, this kind of sarcophagus burial may belong to the prehistoric neolithic remains. It can be inferred that the history of Garcha County can be traced back to the primitive society stage thousands of years ago.
With the progress of human social development, Tubo ancestors appeared the earliest form of social organization. According to Dunhuang ancient documents and Tibetan historical records, Tibet at the time of the beginning of the "small state" 44, and then appeared the so-called "twelve small state", when the time for the pre-Tubo. Each of these small states had its own "king" and "minister", each based on a place, the small state named "Dawei" governed the vast area east of Sangri County on the south bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River, and Garcha County also belonged to this scope. The Gacha County also belongs to the scope of this roughly.
To the 7th century AD, the famous Tubo Zangpo Songtsen Gampo successively annexed the territory of the ministries, established a unified and powerful Tubo dynasty. At that time, the Wei and Tibetan areas were divided into "four as", including the Gacha area, including the Dawei was categorized as "about as" scope, and became the left flank of the Tubo capital logos (now Lhasa).
The powerful Tubo dynasty fell apart in the 9th century A.D., and Tibetan society then entered a long period of division and fragmentation. During this period, various political and religious forces penetrated into the area of Garcha and combined with local forces to form a feudalistic situation.
The first important sect to appear in the Garcha area during the "later macro period" of Tibetan Buddhism was the Nyingma sect, but its actual influence was not great. About the first half of the 12th century, the founder of the Dabo Kagyu school, Milarepa, one of the two major disciples of Sonam Rinchen (i.e., Dabo Raj) in the Gacha territory of the Dala Gangbu mountain to create the Dala Gangbu Temple, where the fundamental Dabo Kagyu school of the road, and the gradual development of the so-called Dabo Kagyu school of the "four big and eight small" branches.
From the 13th to the 16th centuries A.D., the rulers of the Yuan and Ming dynasties successively set up administrative organizations in Tibet to strengthen their rule. In the Yuan dynasty set up "thirteen thousand households", Gacha area belongs to the "tooth not Tibetan Siba Wanfu" jurisdiction. The Ming dynasty also maintains the whole of Wei-Zang region and the central authority of the service relationship between the Gacha area belongs to the Patzhu dynasty of the "answer Gaer Buzhai" jurisdiction.
After the 17th century, the Gelugpa sect of Buddhism gradually became the ruling system of the Tibetan local government and religion with its growing power. During this period by the Tibetan local government in the area of Garcha were set up in Garcha and Rasui two dzongs, by the Kasha appointed "Zongben" for the administration, this system has been inherited until 1959 before the democratic reform of Tibet.
After the peaceful liberation of Tibet in 1951, Garcha area was set up by the Tabu regional working committee to set up two offices in Garcha and Lhasui. in May 1959, in accordance with the unified deployment of the Tibet working committee, the original Tibetan local government of Garcha and Lhasui two zongs were merged to set up Garcha county, which was categorized into the Shannan area under the jurisdiction of the people's government of the same year. In the same year formally set up the people's government of gacha county and the corresponding subordinate administrative organizations, the county seat for an around the township of zhongba village.
Administrative divisions
Gacha county jurisdiction 2 towns, 5 townships, 89 administrative villages.
Gacha Township
Total population 2526.
Anwang Township
Total population 3,788.
Lengda Township
Total population 2113.
Ba Township
Total population 996.
Lorin Township
Total population 4,792.
Lasui Township
Total population 3,519.
Chuijiu Township
Total population 529.
Natural Geography
Located in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River valley in southern Tibet, surrounded by mountains on all sides, with many rivers and canyons. The terrain is high in the west and low in the east, with an average altitude of 3,200 meters. Nie la drop bar snow mountain 6 700 meters above sea level, for the highest point in the territory. *** there are 265 rivers, of which the Yarlung Zangbo River is the main river flowing through the county, the territory of the river length of 92.9 kilometers. There are also Darong ditch, color cloth Longqu, Jue not Lang three rivers are tributaries of the Yarlung Zangbo River, basin area of 2,620 square kilometers, accounting for 58% of the total area of the administrative district. Gacha is the middle reaches of the yarlung zangbo river area a multi water system, more lakes distribution of the county, the main lakes are ramla wrong, yong wrong, jiangsra wrong and other large and small lakes 160, the area is relatively small, more than the system of landslides, mudslides, floods and landslides and other material blockage of the valley and the formation of the weir lake. Belong to the plateau temperate semi-arid monsoon type climate zone, abundant light, strong radiation, large temperature difference between the day, the rainy season is concentrated, dry and windy in winter and spring. The average annual temperature of 8.9 ℃, annual sunshine 2 750 hours, the average annual precipitation of 492.7 mm, concentrated in May to September, accounting for 93% of the annual precipitation, frost-free period of 149 days. Natural disasters are mainly floods, hail, frost, drought, pests and diseases, of which floods are the main natural disasters. Hailstorms occur three times a year, concentrated in July to August. Minerals mainly include copper, alluvial gold, graphite, crystals, talc, granite, chromite, etc., of which talc ore reserves are 1.75 million tons. Wild animals mainly include musk, fox, wolf, roe deer, horse deer, black bear, brown bear, horse bear, dry otter, otter, white-lipped deer, aye-aye leopard, Tibetan antelope, money leopard, Tibetan pony chicken, green-tailed rainbow pheasant and so on. Wild plants mainly include cordyceps, shellfish, angelica, snow lotus, ginseng, wolfsbane, artemisia, yellow peony and so on.
Economic Development
Agricultural development
Agricultural and animal husbandry county, agriculture is the county's important economic pillars. 2002 the county's GDP of 76.05 million yuan, of which 32.67 million yuan in the primary industry, 15.05 million yuan in the secondary industry, 28.33 million yuan in the tertiary industry. The total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 57.47 million yuan, of which 38.9 million yuan was for agriculture, 2.32 million yuan for forestry and 16.24 million yuan for animal husbandry. *** There are 1,584 hectares of arable land, and 1,517 hectares of crops are sown, of which 1,428 hectares are grain crops and 89 hectares are oilseeds. Total grain output of 7,900 tons, 200 tons of rapeseed, the main crops are wheat, barley, potatoes, broad beans, oilseed rape, etc., a year. *** There are 20,000 hectares of pasture, the end of the year livestock stock 11.03 million (only), the total meat production of 1,556.76 tons, milk production of 3,768.16 tons, wool production of 17.62 tons. Abundant forestry resources, forest coverage is the highest county in Shannan area, amounting to 30.35%. Forest reserves of 133.8 million cubic meters. Economic forests are mainly peach, pear, apple, walnut, pepper and so on. *** There are more than 13,000 fruit trees, annual production of apples 1,367.9 tons. Cordyceps in Gacha County is the world's best quality varieties, produced at an altitude of 4,500 meters above the snow line, annual output of about 1,500 kg. Yarlung zangbo river waters have cross mouth split belly fish, bare belly heavy lip fish, double bearded leaf bearded fish, etc. In 1976 built county hydropower station, the total installed capacity of 250 kilowatts, the annual power generation of 300,000 kilowatt hours. 1992, in the color of the brontosaurus river into the river was built in 1 hydroelectric power station, with an installed capacity of 1,500 kilowatts. Industrial output value of 1.42 million yuan, the traditional handicrafts of Gacha stone pots, Gacha wooden bowls and so on. Lin Qiong highway for the main highway, another township, village roads and Gacha suspension bridge, 230 kilometers.
Social undertakings
Education, sports and health
County **** 29 primary and secondary schools, school-age children enrollment rate of 79.87%. Ethnic sports are holding stones, horse racing, tug-of-war and so on. There are hospitals, epidemic prevention stations, maternal and child health care stations and other medical institutions.
In August 2019, the list of 2019 Comprehensive Demonstration Counties for E-commerce in Rural Areas was released, and Gacha County was on the list.
On February 21, 2017, Gacha County was on the 2016 list of counties (cities and districts) with basically balanced development of national compulsory education.