What are the advantages and disadvantages of the IUD?

What are the advantages of IUD birth control? Clinical practice has proved that the IUD is a safe, effective, economical, simple and reproducible contraceptive measure. Its main advantages are: 1, simple surgery, non-traumatic, small side effects, some of the initial stage can be manifested as lumbar pain, lower abdominal discomfort, increased leukorrhea, prolonged menstrual period, increased menstrual flow, but with the prolongation of time, these symptoms will disappear. 2、Reliable effect, high success rate of contraception. 3、Contraception time is long, the metal ring can be placed for 10-15 years, and the plastic ring can be placed for about five years because of poor elasticity, small support, easy to deform and fall off. 4、When you need to give birth to a child, you can take it out and get what you want very soon. 5、It has no effect on sex life and is harmless to the body. When is the most suitable time for IUD? Healthy women, as long as they are not pregnant, can have an IUD at any time except during menstruation, but the following times are the most suitable: 1. 3 to 7 days after menstruation. Because this period is a safe period, the uterine lining has just begun to form, and the possibility of pregnancy is small; therefore, it can avoid the IUD with pregnancy, which may cause uterine bleeding or miscarriage. 2、Uploading the IUD at the same time of abortion. At this time, the cervical opening is loose and it is easy to put on the IUD, and at the same time, it can avoid two surgeries. 3、After spontaneous abortion, after a period, or three months after full-term delivery, and more than half a year after cesarean section, you can get an IUD. 4. If the IUD has expired without any symptoms, it can be removed and replaced with a new one to avoid two surgeries. "Precautions after the IUD After the surgery, patients should pay attention to: 1. Proper rest, the first three days may appear a small amount of vaginal bleeding, and leukorrhea; but it can disappear on its own without having to deal with it. 2. 2, after surgery to keep the vulva clean, prohibit sexual intercourse and sitz bath within two weeks to avoid infection. 3、Regular follow-up, respectively, one month, half a year, one year after the operation, and once a year thereafter, to check whether there is any detachment or ectopic. 4、If you find any abnormality, ask your doctor for consultation and treatment in time. Principle of IUD contraception IUD is an intrauterine device (IUD) that is inserted into the uterine cavity to achieve contraception. Its contraceptive principle: (1) Mechanical effect: as a foreign body, it makes the endometrium undergo a mild, chronic, non-bacterial inflammatory reaction, thus changing the intrauterine environment and preventing the pregnant egg from taking hold. (2) Phagocytosis: mainly macrophages and neutrophils play the role of phagocytosis and destruction of spermatozoa. (3) The role of inflammatory cells: the degenerative substances of inflammatory cells reach a certain concentration, poisoning the embryo so that it can not continue to develop. (4) Prostaglandin effect: intrauterine device can stimulate the uterine lining to produce prostaglandin, prostaglandin makes the uterus, fallopian tube contraction peristalsis abnormal, and at the same time, enhance the role of estrogen, so that the uterine environment is not conducive to implantation. (5) The role of active substances: IUD can be made of copper metal, which can achieve the purpose of contraception through the endometrium, intrauterine fluid and other local changes in the internal environment, and the toxic effect on sperm. However, the birth control ring still has some unsatisfactory places. It is mainly reflected in the following three aspects. 1. Bleeding A small amount of bleeding in the short term after the IUD is due to the placement of the IUD rubbing the uterine lining, but it can be repaired very quickly, and the bleeding usually lasts for a few days, and the amount of blood does not exceed the amount of menstruation, so it does not need to be dealt with. However, some women, about 15% to 20%, after placing the IUD, due to histochemical changes in the endometrium, local coagulation disorders, manifested as excessive menstrual flow, prolonged menstrual period, irregular bleeding during menstruation, and individually there are also menstrual dribbling, leukorrhea increased mixed with blood, etc., which can result in a large amount of iron loss, which can not only cause anemia, but also affect the function of myoglobin, cytochrome, and iron-containing enzymes. This can not only cause anemia, but also affect the function of myoglobin, cellular pigment and iron-containing enzymes, so that the patient appears sleepy and tired, depressed and so on. 2. Soreness and pain After the IUD is placed, some women will experience soreness and discomfort in the lower abdomen or lower back, which is because the IUD placed in the uterus is a "foreign body" to the uterus, especially when it is large or low, the uterus will contract in order to discharge the "foreign body", causing contraction pain. The IUD is a "foreign body" to the uterus, especially if it is too large or positioned too low. 3. Abnormal pregnancy The IUD can only prevent normal pregnancy inside the uterine cavity, but not abnormal pregnancy outside the uterus (i.e. ectopic pregnancy), so it is inevitable that ectopic pregnancy will occur in a small number of women who have the IUD inserted for contraception. These side effects of the IUD mostly occur within six months of the placement of the birth control device, and the situation will improve as the time of placement increases. Generally mild symptoms do not require treatment. If the amount of menstruation is more than twice as much as before the operation, the menstrual cycle is shortened to 20 days or the menstrual period is prolonged to more than 9 days, symptomatic treatment can be given, such as the use of antiemetic agents, anti-fibrinolytic or antiprostaglandin drugs, and so on. If the medication and observation for 3~6 months are still ineffective, the removal or replacement of the sterilization device can be considered. As for the IUD after affecting the couple life is mostly some prejudice. Theoretically speaking, the IUD does not affect the sex life, as for the physical discomfort after the IUD, as well as the corresponding psychological implication may have a certain impact on the couple's sex life, but this situation will disappear soon. The principle of IUD contraception is that the IUD affects the implantation of the fertilized egg or blastocyst, so that the fertilized egg or blastocyst cannot implant. It is best to have sex one month after the IUD is inserted ~ on the question of pain ~ during the process of inserting the IUD, the IUD passes through the opening of the cervix, which may cause a feeling of soreness due to the dilatation of the cervical canal, but the actual process of placing the IUD takes only a few seconds, so there is no need to be overly concerned about it. However, the IUD is not a one-off solution, and there are still some women who get pregnant with the IUD. This is mainly due to the fact that the IUD does not match the size and shape of the uterine cavity, or the supportive force of the material is insufficient, coupled with the uterine contraction movement that expels it from the body. Therefore, it is important to choose the right type of IUD! However, unmarried women generally do not advocate the use of the IUD! ~Because the IUD is deformed, twisted, abnormally positioned and embedded in the uterine wall, it can cause increased bleeding or menstrual cramps. If the lining of the uterus is fragile and bacteria or viruses are brought into the uterine cavity during IUD application, or if no attention is paid to hygiene after IUD application, it is easy to cause infection in the uterine cavity and excessive bleeding, prolonged menstrual period and dysmenorrhea will occur. However, if the IUD is used in a regular hospital, this is rarely the case. ~ If you really need an IUD, then the following precautions should be taken after the IUD is inserted: 1, do not do heavy labor within one week, avoid adding abdominal pressure, and avoid having sex and taking a bath within two weeks. 2, keep the vulva clean, and take a bath every day. 2, keep the vulva clean, wash every day, change underwear. 3、The first menstruation after IUD and the 3rd, 6th and 12th month after IUD should receive follow-up visits from medical staff, and then 1-2 times a year. 4、A small amount of vaginal bleeding, lumbago, abdominal distension and pain may occur after IUD insertion. Mild cases can be left unattended, but serious symptoms such as bleeding exceeding the amount of menstruation should be treated promptly. If you find that the IUD is not working properly, you should go to the family planning office or hospital for examination. 5, all kinds of rings have a certain life expectancy, T copper ring for 8-10 years, the mother of music for 5 years, copper-containing uterus-shaped ring for more than 10 years. When the IUD has reached the end of its service life, it should be replaced under the guidance of a doctor or changed to another contraceptive method. Within 3-7 days after menstruation. 6. Older women should contact the medical staff within six months to one year after menstruation stops to have the ring removed in time. The birth control ring is popular among women because it can achieve the purpose of contraception without affecting their sex life. It is easy to put and take out, safe and effective, and the adverse effects are mild. At present, placing this ring has become an important measure for women's postpartum contraception. 1. What kind of conditions are not suitable for placing the ring? Acute pelvic inflammatory disease, acute vaginitis, severe cervical erosion, excessive or irregular menstrual bleeding, uterine fibroids, narrow cervical opening; women with serious systemic diseases should not have the IUD inserted, otherwise it will lead to aggravation of inflammation and increase of menstrual flow. 2. What should I pay attention to before and after IUD insertion? Although the operation of IUD release is simple and safe, it is a surgical operation after all. In order to avoid infection, it is necessary to forbid sexual intercourse for 3 days before and 2 weeks after the operation, pay attention to the vaginal hygiene, and do not take a bath after IUD release to avoid infection in the uterine cavity. After the operation, you should pay attention to rest for one to two days, and do not do heavy labor and large exercise activities within one week, because the mouth of the uterus is loose after the ring is just put in, and the ring is easy to fall off. 3. Pay attention to check whether the birth control ring falls off. Women with loose uterine orifice and heavy menstrual flow may lose the IUD during menstruation. Therefore, you should pay attention to whether the IUD falls out with blood when you go to the toilet during menstruation. Generally speaking, in the first month after the IUD is put in place, you should go to the hospital for a checkup after your menstrual period is over, and then again after 3 months. Later, you can have a checkup once every one to two years. Within 3 months after the IUD is placed, especially during menstruation, it is more important to pay attention to whether the IUD falls off, if found to have fallen off, it is necessary to take other contraceptive measures in a timely manner, and wait for the next menstruation to go to the hospital to have the IUD placed again. 4. Will the IUD induce cancer? As the IUD has been widely used in clinical practice in China since 1960, some people do not have a correct understanding of the IUD and are always afraid that the IUD will induce uterine tumors in the long term, which is an unnecessary worry. Some people have taken out the endometrium of women with different years of wearing the IUD to do pathological examination, and found that most of them are normal, and there can be mild local inflammatory pathological changes, which will not have any adverse effect on human body, and there is no cancerous lesion found. 5. How many years can I put the sterilization ring? Research has proved that: stainless steel metal ring can be placed for 15 to 20 years; silicone, plastic or other types of birth control rings can be placed for 5 to 7 years. If there is obvious discomfort after the IUD is placed, the IUD needs to be removed or replaced, or the IUD can be removed when you plan to get pregnant. The IUD should be removed 3 to 7 days after menstruation and the precautions to be taken after removal are the same as those for IUD placement. After menopause, women stop ovulating and will not get pregnant again, so there is no need for contraception and the IUD can be removed, usually six months to three years after menopause. If you remove the IUD too early, you can get pregnant again because of the unstable menopause. If you remove the IUD too late, the uterus will shrink and make it difficult to remove the IUD. 6. Can I still have children after removing the IUD? After the IUD is removed, its effect of interfering with the combination of sperm and egg disappears and the uterine lining returns to normal. Research confirms that 75% of women can conceive within 6 months after IUD removal; 90% of women can conceive within 1 year after IUD removal. Moreover, the development of the fetus is not affected in any way when the IUD is removed. However, in order to make the uterine lining repair well, after removing the IUD, other methods of contraception should be used for 1~3 months before pregnancy. 7. What should I do if I am pregnant with an IUD? In the past, it was believed that if you are pregnant with an IUD, the IUD has no effect on the fetus and will not cause fetal abnormalities, so it is not necessary to terminate the pregnancy or remove the IUD, and the IUD can be discharged along with the placenta after the delivery of the fetus. In recent years, it was found that some contraceptive rings will be stuck in the pediatric muscle, so the fetus with a ring pregnancy is generally not suitable for retention.