In addition to the volcanic geological forest park in Yellowstone Park in the United States, my country also has geological forest parks caused by volcanic activity, such as the famous Wudalianchi Scenic Area and Wudalianchi World Geopark. The park is located in the north-central part of Heilongjiang Province in my country, in the transition zone from the Lesser Khingan Mountains to the Songnen Plain. The Geopark is adjacent to Wudalianchi City, Sunwu County, Nenjiang County and Nehe City, with a total area of ??1,060 square kilometers. In 2000, the Heilongjiang Provincial Government established the Wudalianchi Management Committee, giving it independent county-level government functions. It is administratively subordinate to the Heihe Municipal People's Government and is responsible for the resource protection and scenic area development of Wudalianchi.
In the 1,060-square-kilometer scenic area of ??Wudalianchi Global Geopark, there are 14 old and new volcanoes. The eruption years are widely spaced, from more than 2 million years ago in prehistory to more than 280 years ago in modern times. They are rare in the world. . According to "Heilongjiang Foreign Notes": "One day in the southeast of Mergen (now Nenjiang), a fire suddenly broke out in the ground, and rocks flew up. The sound shook the fields for several days. The fire died out, and the land became a swamp. In the 58th year of Kangxi's reign, (1719) incident. "" Brief Notes of Ninggu Pagoda" also records: " There are floods 50 miles away from the city (Dedu), and there are sudden fireworks in the surrounding 30 miles in June and July of the fifty-ninth year of Kangxi (1720). It soared into the sky, and its sound was like thunder, which lasted day and night, and could be heard for fifty or sixty miles. What flew out were black stones, sulfur, and the like. Over the years, it became a mountain, reaching the city wall. "
Wudalianchi has it. It is the most complete, most distributed, most complete, and most typical volcanic geological landform of the New and Old Periods in the world. 14 volcanic cones rising from the ground, reflecting mountains and rivers, and beautiful scenery; stone dragons, stone seas, lava waterfalls, lava tunnels, lava stalactites, lava vortices, elephant trunk lava, rolled lava, jet cones, volcanic gravels and Micro-landforms such as volcanic bombs are diverse and are called by scientists the world's three largest "natural volcano museums" and "open volcano textbooks". The five lakes connected like beads on a string were formed when the latest volcanic magma filled the vast ancient sunken basin lake Udelin Pool, hence the name Wudalianchi. It is the second largest volcanic barrier lake in my country, with complex bank curve changes and excellent landscape effects. The iron-silicate bicarbonate-calcium-magnesium type mineral water here is a world-famous spring, enjoying the reputation of "sacred spring" and "holy water". It is also known as one of the "three world's three mineral springs" along with France's Vichy mineral spring and Russia's North Caucasus mineral spring. "Big Cold Spring". It has been used in folk medicine, drinking therapy and cleaning for thousands of years, and has miraculous effects on rehabilitation and human health and longevity.
Currently, Wudalianchi has won two world-class titles of "World Geopark" and "World Man and Biosphere Reserve" and 11 national honors. The 11 national honors are: National Nature Reserve, China's Home of Mineral Water, China's Top Ten Scenic Areas with the Most Potential, China's Top 40 Tourist Attractions, China's Famous Volcano Home, China's Biosphere Reserve, National Natural Heritage, It is a national key scenic spot, a national forest park, a national geological park, and a national AAAA-level scenic tourist area. Now it has developed 12 major tourist areas, 8 major wonders, and more than 400 scenic spots. The unique geological resources have created six rare natural environments for Wudalianchi: the world's purest natural oxygen bar; the world's highest-grade magnetized mineralized charge ionized water with medical and health care functions; It has an integrated mineral spring bath and mud therapy area; it has a natural volcanic lava platform - a solar thermal energy therapy field; it has the most complete functions and the largest volcanic geological full magnetic environment with a gamma peak value of 1000-3000; it is not subject to any Pollution pure green mineral spring series of healthy food. This forms the world's most comprehensive natural environment physiotherapy base.
World-famous volcanoes similar to the Wudalianchi volcano include the Hawaiian volcano in the United States, the Reunion volcano in the Indian Ocean, the Central Highlands volcano in France, and the Toro-Ancol volcano in Uganda in the East African Rift Valley. The magma of these world-famous volcanoes and the Wudalianchi volcano are all basic, and their volcanic activities are all Hawaiian eruptions. The volcanic landforms formed after the eruption are also basically similar. However, although the scale of these volcanoes is larger than that of Wudalianchi volcano, the landform of Wudalianchi volcano is more complete, more concentrated and more typical.
For example, no volcanic barrier lake has been formed near these world-famous volcanoes, and no mineral springs have been found except in the volcanic area of ??the Central Highlands of France. Jet cones and jet saucers are even rarer. They are only found in Reunion in the Indian Ocean. In volcanic areas, short individuals and incompletely developed jet cones and jet saucers are occasionally seen. In comparison, the volcanic landscape formed by the Wudalianchi volcano is more distinctive with its mountains and rivers shining, water and fire compatible, and the fully developed, well-preserved, diverse and thousands of fumaroles in the volcano lava, which is the most complete and well-preserved in the world. It is unique and can be described as a wonder of the world.
The barrier lake in Wudalianchi Scenic Area covers an area of ??18.7 square kilometers, the maximum depth of the pool water is 27 to 31 meters (the second and third pools), and the pool water volume is 157 million cubic meters. It was formed by the basalt flow weir of the White River Valley, a tributary of the Seinemore River, erupted in 1719 and 1720-1721 by 14 local volcanoes. The river water blocked up to form 5 lakes arranged in a string of beads. From south to north they are the first pond, the second pond, the third pond, the fourth pond and the fifth pond. The five pools are connected and are 5,250 meters long; the fourth and fifth pools have mud and sand bottoms; the third pool has a mud and sand bottom and part of it is lava; the second pool has mostly lava bottoms and a small part of mud and stone bottoms; the first pool is all For the lava bottom. The rivers in this area are poorly developed, there are no big rivers, and the water flow is small. The main rivers are: Shilong River (Baihe), Yaoquan River, and Yaoquan River. The lake area has beautiful scenery, the nearby volcanic caldera is well preserved, and the traces of lava flow on the surface are still clearly visible.
The water temperature of the lake in Wudalianchi rises to above 10℃ in mid-May and drops below 10℃ in late September. The highest water temperature is in July (20-26℃). There are 39 species of fish in 10 families in Wudalianchi. Common species include crucian carp, carp, soft-shell turtle, silver carp, bighead carp, grass carp, etc. In the 1990s, researchers in Wudalianchi identified 177 species of phytoplankton in 74 genera.
In 1982, Wudalianchi was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national scenic spots in the name of Heilongjiang Wudalianchi Scenic Area. China has currently established 12 national parks with volcanic landscapes, but only Wudalianchi Scenic Area has been selected as a world geopark.
The Zhanhe National Forest Park in Wudalianchi is the largest forest wetland in my country, and Dazhan River rafting enjoys the reputation of "the best rafting in China". The bicarbonate, metasilicic acid and weakly alkaline mineral waters in Wudalianchi each have their own merits and are suitable for drinking for fitness and bathing to treat diseases. The per capita freshwater resources exceed 4,000 cubic meters, which is four times the standard of China's livable cities. Metasilicic acid mineral water has been introduced into urban areas as drinking water for residents, making Wudalianchi the second mineral spring city in the world and the first in Asia after Vichy in France. Due to the strong magnetic environment formed by volcanic geology and the special ecological effects of vegetation, the air is fresh and pure, and the negative oxygen ion content is more than 10 times higher than that in ordinary cities. It is a natural oxygen bar. The city has wide roads, clean city appearance, different architectural styles, and pleasing greening and lighting projects. Shopping malls and hotels are lined up in rows, public transportation services are convenient and warm, and urban supporting functions such as food, housing, transportation, shopping, and entertainment are improving day by day. It is one of the national commercial grain bases, an important timber production base, the only mineral water town in China, one of China's top ten leisure cities, one of China's top 100 county tourism counties, and China's best health and wellness city.
The city has a grassland area of ??1,735 square kilometers, a forest area of ??3,495 square kilometers, and a wood storage volume of 640,000 cubic meters. There are mainly more than 10 kinds of trees such as larch, oak, and poplar. The wild animal and plant resources are extremely rich, including bears, elk, deer, flying dragons and other rare wild animals. It is rich in natural green products such as bracken, persimmon, black fungus, hericium, golden leaf vegetables, mushrooms, and hundreds of precious Chinese medicinal materials such as ginseng, acanthopanax, fritillary, schisandra, and astragalus. The vein quartz ore with a grade of 99.7% has reserves of 200,000 tons. The reserves of granite, perlite, basalt, volcanic gravel, river stone, and yellow sand exceed 400 million cubic meters.
The Dazhan River is the common name of the main stream of the Zhan River. It originates from the Zhan River Dingzi in the main vein of the Lesser Khingan Mountains and merges with the Xunbila River, with a total length of 260 kilometers. Its water flow is rapid, passing through the mountains and ridges, and hitting the bottom of the cliffs. The Zhanhe River Basin is mostly uninhabited land, and the ecological environment has always maintained its original state. The scenery on both sides of the river is pleasant, with numerous strange rocks and endless wonders. In summer, the river water is clear and transparent, with alternating rapid and slow currents, which is very romantic and magical.
Drifting along the river can not only enjoy the lush green mountains and mountains, but also cast hooks and fish in the clear water. It is just like the wonderland of Guilin's Lijiang River. Drifting to the rapids of the Yangtze River is like the mighty and turbulent Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, surrounded by dangers. It is uniquely thrilling and moving. Soul. In winter, this place is covered in silver and carved with ice and jade. The dense and emerald mother-of-Korean pine forest, the towering Xing'an deciduous leaves, the graceful white birches, the tall and tall poplars and other coniferous and broad mixed forests complement each other in the sun. Red deer, black bears, wild boars, roe deer, lynx, and flying dragons live on both sides of the bank. , pheasants, gray cranes, wild ducks, mandarin ducks and other hundreds of rare wild animals. The river is rich in fish resources, and is rich in rare cold-water fish such as jellyfish, squid, and salmon. Under the forest, there are more than 400 kinds of wild economic plants and medicinal materials such as Codonopsis pilosula, Fritillaria, Dilong, Schisandra chinensis, and Acanthopanax senticosus. Wild vegetables such as cucumber, day lily, bracken, Cantonese, fungus, hericium, mushrooms and pine nuts are native products of this region and are pure natural green foods.
Lianlian Lake, commonly known as "Quan'erpao", is located in the open area of ??the Dawan Valley of the Dulu River in the Erkehe Forest Farm construction area, covering an area of ??800 hectares. In the early years, this was the bed of the Dulu River. Later, the Dulu River changed its course, and the "concave" part became a deep ditch left over, and each circle was turned into a circle. There are more than 10 famous water bubbles here, such as Crescent Moon Bubble, Crucian Carp Bubble, Dayan Bubble, Swan Bubble, Lying Bubble, Pike Bubble, Dui Bu, etc., and there are nearly a hundred unknown ones. The most magical thing about Lianhuan Lake is "Zhuanxin Lake". Zhuanxin Lake has an island in the middle of the lake, which is known as the floating island. The floating island covers an area of ??about 40,000 square meters, and the water surface around the island is about 40 meters. When the south wind blows, the floating island is close to the north bank, when the north wind blows, it is close to the south bank, when the east wind blows, it moves to the west, and when the west wind blows, it moves to the east, hence the name Zhuanxin Lake. Centennial larch and white birch grow on the island. The lush green pines and white birches not only add wonder to the floating island, but also create a good habitat for wild ducks and other waterfowl. Every year when the ice and snow melt and the trees become shady, you can take a firefighting plane to get a low-altitude bird's-eye view of the circle. The scenery is particularly spectacular.
The west bank of the Dulu River east of Beiying Forest Farm in Zhanhe Forest District is the central area of ??volcanic eruptions in history. Lava stands here and strange rocks are everywhere. Suddenly a spring water flows from halfway up the mountain, and it flows continuously all year round. I don’t know which year, the Oroqen people who were hunting in Zhanhe Forest Area discovered that this spring can cure many diseases, so this place became an "open-air hospital" for the E people. Therefore, they called this mountain Yaoquan Mountain and the spring water " Divine water". There used to be an ancient temple on the hillside of Yaoquan Mountain. Later, the E people gradually settled down. Coupled with the inconvenient transportation here, the ancient temple fell into disrepair and collapsed. There are still temple pillars from more than 50 years ago. Anyone who comes here for treatment must bow to the sacred water, burn incense and pray. Later, the Hubei people who come here for treatment will each build a pile of stones to show respect for the sacred water.
After many inspections, it has been confirmed that this spring is a low-temperature mineral water. The minerals contained in this spring are similar to the minerals contained in the low-temperature mineral water of Wudalianchi medicinal spring water, which is well-known at home and abroad. It has valuable development and utilization value.
In the hinterland of Zhanhe Forest Area, there grows a prone and crawling tree called "climbing pine". The climbing pine is green all year round and looks like a branch of a red pine. It is generally about 1 meter in length and the longest is no more than 3 meters. Its roots are in the cracks of the rocks, and its tree body climbs over the rocks like a vine, covering it piece by piece. The place where they grow is unique and beautiful. Climbing pine is a rare and precious plant, a species of conifer and shrub.
The climate characteristics of Heihe are long winters and short summers, low temperatures, cold humidity, and an average annual temperature of about 0°C. January is the coldest, with an average temperature of minus 42°C; July is the hottest, with an average temperature of 21°C, the highest reaches 38.2℃. The best time to travel is from May to September every year.