As we all know, ABA has successfully used behavior analysis to treat autistic children as early as last century 1987. In recent years, behavioral analysis has been applied to the corrective training of children with autism, which is widely respected in Europe and America, and also has a good effect in China.
Many people ask me what ABA is. In fact, in short, it is to divide the behavioral intervention for autistic children into several steps, each step is the most basic and simple, so that children can make the most correct and timely response, and at the same time give them positive or negative reinforcement to reduce behavioral problems.
The research shows that after treatment, the adaptive behavior and IQ of autistic children have been improved, and great achievements have been made in interpersonal communication and language. However, some scholars believe that ABA behavior law emphasizes too much on the dispersion of goals, which is not conducive to children's subjectivity.
Comprehensive training of children's sensory system can provide them with stimuli they can like and accept, improve their interest and motivation in participating in activities, and improve their hearing, sight, smell and taste abilities in activities. Focus on improving children's social, language and behavioral abilities.
Games and music therapy can improve children's socialization ability, relax children's body and mind, ease psychological conflicts and improve children's socialization function. Music therapy can improve children's language skills and social skills.
Parents can plan their own games. It mainly includes the training of children's perception, expression, sharing and emotion.
In addition, pay attention to structured teaching, give full play to children's strengths, understand each child's unique characteristics, and intervene and improve in a differentiated and cooperative way.
I hope I can help you. If you have any questions, welcome to interact in the comment area!
Rehabilitation education for autistic children mainly includes the following training:
Because every child with autism has different symptoms and degrees, the existing problems are different, and the degree is also light and heavy, so the treatment and intervention for autism should also vary from person to person. After evaluation, professional teachers in rehabilitation institutions will make a training plan suitable for each child according to the existing and missing abilities of the child, and make changes at any time. Parents can't leave their children to the teachers in institutions, but they should also learn relevant knowledge, so that family education and institutional teaching can go hand in hand, and children's symptoms can be better improved.
Hello, Meng Xinxin, a pediatrician at Shenyang Children's Hospital, is glad to answer your question.
At present, the treatment of autism is mainly intervention, and the earlier the intervention, the better.
1, behavior training
Help children master simple self-care skills.
Mainly include
2. Drug therapy
Improve some emotional and behavioral symptoms of patients, such as emotional instability and behavioral rigidity.
3. Psychotherapy
Let children develop good behavior norms and improve their understanding ability.
● Learn to encourage children and enhance their self-confidence;
● After the child loses his temper or does something wrong, point it out in time and teach patiently;
● Play more games with children, so that children can learn to get along with others, learn to communicate and understand things in games;
● Don't force children to finish certain things, otherwise it may be counterproductive.
● The most important thing is to be prepared for a long-term struggle.
Hello, at present, the medical treatment of autism is mainly based on rehabilitation training, which mainly follows the following treatment principles:
1, early detection, early intervention, early treatment, clinical proof, the earlier the intervention treatment for autistic children, the more obvious the effect, and the golden treatment period is before the age of 6.
2, adhere to the rehabilitation training, supplemented by drug therapy, and comprehensive treatment training to promote each other.
3, strengthen the importance of family training, so that parents can also become partners or participants in treatment.
4. According to the different degree of each child's illness, the individualized comprehensive treatment plan is formulated, and the treatment plan is adjusted at any time according to the treatment response, so the template treatment method of some rehabilitation institutions often fails to achieve good results.
5. Perseverance, the treatment of autism is a long-term process.
Doctors suggest: First of all, parents need to go to regular medical institutions or specialized hospitals to confirm whether their children have autism, because some places with poor medical level often diagnose their children's language retardation as autism. After the diagnosis, it is necessary to formulate a rehabilitation training plan in time and pay attention to it in time to help the child recover better.
At present, most treatments use ABA application behavior analysis. Some people say that autism can be cured by drugs. Please consider it carefully. At present, there is no medicine or method to cure autism. General institutions adopt rotation teaching, and carry out sensory integration training and speech training at the same time. Social training may need to be carried out at the same time according to the situation. Parents should cooperate with the training plan of school teachers in time and actively at home, and promote the training to peace at home, so that the effect of children's training intervention will be doubled and better mastered. Active intervention is the right way. I hope I can help you. Thank you.
About "autism", I may throw cold water on my parents. This is an incurable disease, so parents must be psychologically prepared.
Accurately speaking, all our treatments are aimed at helping children master the basic self-care ability and smoothly integrate into society as adults. According to statistics, 70% of autistic children suffer from mental retardation in different degrees at the same time, and a small number of children may be accompanied by epilepsy, hyperactivity, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia and other mental diseases.
Therefore, there are only a few autistic people who can really take care of themselves and integrate into the society, perhaps no more than 10%, or even more than 90% of children may need all kinds of support all their lives. Faced with this reality, parents must have long-term plans, which means that sick children may always need rehabilitation training when they grow up.
Choose institutions can consult local doctors. Because of the particularity of autism, no two autistic children have the same symptoms, and the method may be suitable for one autistic child, but it is not suitable for another autistic child, which leads to different treatment methods for each child and their own personalized treatment.
When we choose a suitable rehabilitation institution, it is followed by rehabilitation training for children.
Rehabilitation training I suggest: one-on-one, children need a fixed teacher. After the teacher evaluates the child, he will make a short-term rehabilitation plan. Parents (families) must participate in the rehabilitation process. They should trust teachers and communicate more than teachers. At the same time, don't forget to strengthen training at home and combine rehabilitation training with all aspects of life. Only in this way can the rehabilitation effect be significantly improved.
Rehabilitation training for autism is a long process, and sometimes the effect may not be obvious or even worse than before. In this case, many parents will question the teacher, or they may not cooperate with the teacher's training or change their homes directly, or find corresponding methods online. In this case, the child's situation may get worse and worse, so persistence is particularly important.
Families need to have enough patience and confidence. As long as they find the right training method, it will be effective.
Come on, every autistic family!
The core obstacle of autism is social obstacle. Due to some defects in neurological function, a considerable number of children of pedigree will have nonverbal communication in the early stage and cannot have close social interaction with that relative or peer.
ABA intervention technique, which originated in America in the early days, gives people the impression that it is a rigid training method. After more than 40 years of development, ABA intervention has now integrated the parent-child relationship technology of rdi and Denver, and the defective neurological function can be effectively developed through intensive ABA intervention.
An effective ABA intervention is that the instructor needs to make a fairly accurate judgment on children's ability development, and parents should adopt ABA intervention levels in different fields to improve children's perception and feedback ability on social relations interaction.
Autism is now called autism spectrum disorder, which can be divided into low function, high function, Asperger's and borderline autism.
Its cause is congenital, which has nothing to do with parents' parenting style, and there is no specific medicine, but it must be said that many children have the best effect after targeted rehabilitation training.
Improving the best effect mainly depends on the following points:
The older the child, the more problems there are. If children find out later, they will have more emotional and behavioral problems, and it will be more difficult to intervene.
On the other hand, the younger the child, the better the intervention effect. In addition to the intervention of rehabilitation training, parents also need a lot of cooperation in this process, all the time.
No matter whether the child's symptoms are mild or severe, the child will improve more or less through targeted intervention training.
Chenchen's baby is only 2 years old. His mother found it early and checked it in time. After timely intervention, children will be greatly improved, and they can go to kindergarten and enter ordinary primary schools. ......
As we mentioned above, parents should pay more attention to the training of autistic children, and it should also be carried out in daily life.
Therefore, it is necessary for our parents to know some specific learning and training methods, and how to get along with autistic children in peacetime and apply them to their lives to accelerate their improvement.
1. Training intervention methods
Although there are many intervention methods for autism, most of them lack evidence-based medicine. There is no optimal treatment, and the best treatment should be individualized treatment. Among them, education and training are the most effective and important treatments. The goal is to promote the language development of patients, improve their social communication ability and master basic life skills and learning skills. Because autistic people can't adapt to ordinary kindergarten life before entering school, they usually receive education and training at home, special education schools and medical institutions. After school age, patients' language skills and social skills will be improved. Some patients can go to ordinary primary schools to receive education with children of the same age, and some patients may still stay in special education schools.
At present, the training intervention methods recommended and used by mainstream international medicine provide the direction for the standardized treatment of autism. These mainstream methods mainly include
(1) Applying Behavioral Analysis Therapy (ABA) to advocate behaviorism and behavioral modeling principles, so as to positively strengthen and promote the development of autistic children's abilities. Training emphasizes high intensity, individuality and systematization.
(2) Training for Children with Autism and Related Disorders (TEACCH) This course designs personalized training content according to the ability and behavior characteristics of children with autism, and educates children on language, communication, sensory movement and other defects. The core is to improve the understanding and obedience of autistic children to the environment, education and training content.
(3) Interpersonal relationship training methods include floor time therapy and relationship development intervention (RDI).
The above treatment methods have been carried out in some autism rehabilitation institutions in China, and achieved good therapeutic effects, but further research and demonstration are needed.
2. Drug therapy
At present, drug therapy can not change the course of autism, and there is also a lack of specific drugs for core symptoms. However, drugs can improve some emotional and behavioral symptoms of patients, such as emotional instability, attention deficit and hyperactivity, impulsive behavior, aggressive behavior, self-injury and suicide, TIC and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, psychotic symptoms, etc., which is conducive to maintaining the safety of patients themselves or others and smoothly implementing education, training and psychotherapy. Commonly used drugs are as follows:
(1) Central excitatory drugs are suitable for patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The commonly used drug is methylphenidate.
(2) antipsychotic drugs should be used in small doses for a short time, and pay attention to the side effects of drugs, especially the side effects of extrapyramidal system.
Risperidone is effective in treating emotional symptoms and psychotic symptoms related to autism, such as impulsiveness, aggression, agitation, emotional instability and irritability. (2) Haloperidol is effective for behavioral symptoms such as impulsiveness, hyperactivity and rigidity, emotional symptoms such as emotional instability and irritability, and psychotic symptoms. It is reported that it can also improve social communication and language development barriers. ③ Aripiprazole, quetiapine, olanzapine and other atypical antipsychotics are also effective in controlling patients' impulsive, aggressive and psychotic symptoms.
(3) Antidepressants can relieve repetitive stereotyped behaviors and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, improve emotional problems, improve social skills, and also have a certain effect on withdrawal, tardive dyskinesia, convulsions and other dyskinesia after using dopamine receptor blockers.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are effective for behavioral and emotional problems of autistic patients. For example, patients over 6 years old can try sertraline. (Content from Baidu Encyclopedia)
It is best to choose the rehabilitation training method that suits you best, and before the age of 6, parents should first pay enough attention to it and compare it when choosing. Don't listen to other people's suggestions, and don't pursue large, comprehensive, numerous and miscellaneous rehabilitation training methods.