1, the harm of plastic bags: plastic bags do bring convenience to our lives, but the convenience of this moment but bring long-term harm. Plastic bags have a low recycling value, in the process of use, in addition to scattered in the city streets, tourist areas, bodies of water, highways and railroads on both sides of the pollution caused by visual pollution pollution, it is also potentially harmful. Plastic is structurally stable, not easily degraded by natural microbial bacteria, and does not separate in the natural environment for a long time. This means that waste plastic waste, if not recycled, will be turned into pollutants in the environment permanently exist and continue to accumulate, will cause great harm to the environment.
(1) Impact on agricultural development. Waste plastic products mixed in the soil continues to accumulate, will affect the crops to absorb nutrients and water, resulting in crop yield reduction.
(2) Threat to animal survival. Waste plastic products discarded on land or in water bodies are swallowed by animals as food, leading to animal death. Last year, 20 herdsmen **** on the shores of Qinghai Lake had nearly 1,000 sheep die as a result, with an economic loss of about more than 300,000 yuan. Sheep like to eat plastic bags wrapped in oily residue, but often even plastic bags eaten together, due to eat the plastic for a long time to stay in the stomach is difficult to digest, these sheep's stomach was crowded, no longer able to eat, and finally can only be alive and starve to death. Such things are common in zoos, pastoral areas, rural areas and oceans.
(3) Waste plastics landfilled with garbage will not only occupy a large amount of land, but also the occupied land will not be restored for a long time, affecting the sustainable use of land. Into the domestic waste of waste plastic products if it will be landfilled, 200 years of time does not degrade. It is extremely harmful to the land, changing its pH, affecting the absorption of nutrients and water by crops, and leading to a reduction in agricultural yields. As for plastic products discarded in water or on land, they not only affect the environment, but also lead to death if they are swallowed passively. This destroys the ecological balance.
(4) high temperature decomposition of toxic substances, plastic products are non-toxic substances, but because of its recycling equipment is not perfect, poor process, and many manufacturers do not have a legal business license, resulting in the reproduction of plastic products at a temperature of 65 ° C, the toxic substances will be precipitated and penetrate into the food, the liver, kidneys, the reproductive system and the central nervous system and other important parts of the human body to cause harm. The plastic products can be used in a variety of ways, such as
2, the harm of white pollution: 'white pollution mainly refers to the environment caused by visual pollution and potential harm to two negative effects.' Visual pollution refers to the scattering of the environment and the potential harm to the environment. 'Visual pollution refers to scattered in the city, people casually discarded plastic waste on the cityscape, landscape damage. For example, a large number of polystyrene foam plastic tableware and ultra-thin plastic bags flying in the sky or hanging on the branches are scattered on both sides of the railroad tracks, rivers and lakes, which bring bad visual stimulation to the people, and the people reflect this strongly. 'Potential crisis refers to the plastic waste into the natural environment and difficult to degrade the environmental problems brought about by the hazards mainly include the following:
(1) not easy to recycle, because of recycling in the use of high cost, but low utilization rate, the businessman can be said to be unprofitable, and because of its recycling price is very low it is difficult to attract the general public to white recycling work. Therefore, leading to the phenomenon of not easy to recycle.
(2) difficult to degrade. Recycled back to the white waste is not easy to deal with. At this stage, the main treatment methods are incineration and landfill, if it is incinerated, it will produce a large number of toxic fumes, pollution of the atmosphere, and promote the formation of acid rain, and as for the landfill, it will be buried for 100 years, it is still the original state, can not be absorbed by the nature and the land has a great harm to change the acidity and alkalinity of the crops, affecting the absorption of nutrients and water, resulting in reduced agricultural production, as for the abandonment of plastic products in the water or on land, not only affects the environment, but also As for the plastic products discarded in the water or on land, they not only affect the environment, but also lead to death if they are swallowed passively. This destroys the ecological balance.
(3) high temperature decomposition of toxic substances, plastic products are non-toxic substances, but because of its recycling equipment is not perfect, simple process, and many manufacturers do not have a legal business license, resulting in the reproduction of plastic products at a temperature of 65 ° C, the toxic substances will be precipitated and penetrate into the food, then the liver, kidneys, reproductive system and central nervous system and other important parts of the human body causing harm. The plastic products can be used in a variety of ways, such as
3, the harm of plasticizers: expert research found that almost all plastic products contain a large number of plasticizers, and plasticizers have a potentially huge harm to the human body.
(1) Plasticizers, called plasticizers in Taiwan, are processing aids used to add to plastic polymers to increase the plasticity of plastic. The most commonly used plasticizer is DEHP (di-ethyl phthalate), which is mainly used in PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plastic products, such as plastic wrap, food packaging, toys, catheters, infusion bags and so on. In the past, it has been considered that plasticizer compounds have low toxicity, good physicochemical characteristics, and easy production and low price, so they are produced and used almost without restriction. At present, China has become a big country to use plasticizers, the annual production of more than 300,000 tons of plasticizers.
(2) Researchers have found that the acute toxicity of plasticizers is very low, the human body ingested a short period of time almost no acute toxicity, but this does not mean that it is safe, on the contrary, its chronic toxicity on the human body is quite harmful. The results of foreign animal studies show that plasticizers can lead to reduced survival rate of animals, weight loss, decreased liver and kidney function, blood erythrocyte reduction, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.
(3) experts, containing DOP (dioctyl phthalate) plasticizer PVC products in the field of human health care, life-related applications are also very wide, and it is difficult to use other materials to replace all. Such as latex gloves, plasma bags, part of the blood transfusion, infusion, respiratory appliances, as well as children's toys, artificial leather (used as clothing, footwear, handbags, sofa fabrics, etc.), PVC products account for a large proportion. Some developed countries have used plasticizers and other additives in these products have strict regulations or corresponding recommendations, while China's medical gloves, plasma bags, the main plasticizer is still DOP. more worrying is that, at present, plasticizer pollution is almost everywhere, this chemical industry's most commonly used raw materials, with the passage of time will slowly overflow from the plastic products, into the air, soil, water and even food! .
(4) With the development and increased use of plasticizers, people are paying increasing attention to their safety. Governments have begun to realize the potential threat of plasticizers to human health, such as Denmark banned the use of phthalate plasticizers in toys for young children and nursery supplies in plastic. Because most young children like to put toys into their mouths, so plasticizers will be harmful to children's health; Switzerland also banned the use of DOP in children's toys.
(5) Although the way to restrict plasticizers varies from country to country, but basically follow two principles: first, limit the amount of plasticizers used in plastics; and second, limit the maximum allowable amount of plasticizers that can migrate to food. Countries adopting the first principle include the United States, Germany, Britain, Japan, etc. The Netherlands, Italy, Spain and other countries use the above two principles in combination.
(6) China has also developed food containers, packaging materials with the use of additives health standards (GB9685-94), food containers, packaging materials with the use of additives of the varieties, the use of the scope and the maximum amount of provisions, which DBP (dibutyl phthalate) and the maximum permissible amount of use of DOP were 35% and 50%, but has not yet been developed the maximum allowable content of food. The maximum permissible content in food has not been established.
4, for this reason, some experts suggest that China's food industry should be strongly advocated to reduce the use of plastic packaging containers, in particular, should be avoided with a variety of food products and plastic direct contact, to prevent plasticizers on the contamination of food. At the same time, should increase investment in scientific research, plasticizer toxicity research, as well as with human health related prospective epidemiological investigations, from the cellular, molecular, genetic and other levels of analysis and understanding of the toxicity of plasticizers in the field of polymers, development and development of better quality, safer alternative products, and research related to the intervention of preventive and curative measures.