The small family medicine box has attracted more and more attention from the masses because it costs less money, but it is very convenient to deal with emergencies at critical moments.
There is a lot of knowledge about preparing drugs. Which drugs are the key? That depends on the physical characteristics of family members and what diseases they often suffer from. The following is my advice to you: 1. Common class 1. Cold category: antipyretic drugs-Tylenol, paracetamol and Contac can be used, choose any one; Antitussive drugs-Compound Glycyrrhiza Mixture, Compound Guaiacol Mixture, Zhi Zhi Syrup, Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, etc. , choose one or two; Heat-clearing, detoxicating and antivirus-one of Banlangen Granule, Yu Ye Jiedu Granule and Yupingfeng Granule.
Diarrhea caused by digestive system drugs-abdominal pain caused by Smecta and Bifico-constipation caused by anisodamine tablets or belladonna tablets-one or two of gastric or duodenal ulcers caused by kaiselu, phenol peptide tablets or Maren pills-one of ranitidine and omeprazole is abdominal distension or vomiting-dyspepsia caused by mudulin tablets-one of multi-enzyme tablets and pancreatin tablets is caused by unsanitary diet. Anti-infective intestinal infection-same as above "Diarrhea caused by unsanitary diet" skin infection, skin injury-Roxithromycin gynecological infection-metronidazole or tinidazole upper respiratory tract infection-Amoxicillin capsule 4.
External antiallergic drugs for skin itching and dermatitis-choose one or two oral antiallergic drugs-cetirizine tablets and loratadine tablets-in addition to the above oral drugs, ephedrine nasal drops 5 can also be prepared. Choose one or two of chlortetracycline eye ointment, chloramphenicol eye drops, ciprofloxacin eye drops and cortisone acetate eye drops for various eye diseases.
Painkillers for trauma: toothache, dysmenorrhea, lumbar muscle strain, sprain, rheumatic pain, headache and other pains-choose an external disinfectant-75% sterilized alcohol, mercuric chloride solution, purple water, tincture of iodine, choose alcohol and one of them. 2. Prepare drugs for special people, and fill in 1 according to the doctor's long-term doctor's orders, including hypertension 2, diabetes 3, nephropathy 4, cardiovascular diseases of the elderly 5, common gynecological diseases 6 and various drugs above liver diseases 6. Choose reserves according to personal family conditions, and add or subtract them appropriately.
2. What drugs should the family keep?
Topical drugs include commonly used disinfection and sterilization drugs such as povidone iodine (iodophor) disinfection alcohol, purple liquid medicine, etc., and of course, absorbent cotton, gauze, plaster, tweezers, scissors, etc. Topical drugs for preventing mosquito bites or heatstroke in summer, such as cooling oil, essential balm or ammonia water for relieving itching. Moisturizing ointment and safflower oil for traumatic sprain, rheumatism or nerve pain; Potassium permanganate is used for local bath disinfection; MEBO is used for mild small area burns and scalds; Topical anti-infective ointment, such as tetracycline and erythromycin ointment; Used for dermatitis, skin care, 999 dermatitis flat and prednisone acetate ointment. Small trauma post-it notes, Yunnan Baiyao, etc.
Drugs for preventing and treating colds include Banlangen Granules, Ganmao Qingre Granules, Viruling, etc. Therapeutic drugs such as Xiao Su Shangfeng Capsule, Puer Ganmao Tablet, Paracetamol Tablet, Sangju Ganmao Tablet, Yinqiao Jiedu Pill, Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill, etc.
Compound licorice tablets, cough syrup, Zhi Zhi syrup, Hong Ju pills, aminophylline tablets, Bricanyl, etc. Digestive drugs such as lactase, yeast tablets, pepsin tablets, pancreatin, hawthorn pill, etc.
Compound sulfamethoxazole tablets, erythromycin tablets, acetylspiramycin tablets, norfloxacin capsules, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin capsules, cefalexin, metronidazole, etc. Vitamin drugs such as vitamin B, vitamin B2, vitamin C, etc.
Ren Dan, Liang Qingdan, Xiang Lei Zhengqi Water, etc. Insect repellent drugs such as levamisole, intestinal Chongqing, etc.
Spasmodic drugs, painkillers, belladonna tablets, atropine tablets or scopolamine tablets for treating stomach diseases or stomachaches; Painkillers, indomethacin, etc. Used for headache, toothache, neuralgia and joint pain.
3. What commonly used drugs should be prepared at home?
Drugs are commonly used at home in order to get some minor problems treated in time and controlled as soon as possible, or at least to do some temporary treatment before going to the hospital.
However, we should pay attention to: for diseases that cannot be diagnosed or have severe symptoms and great changes, do not use drugs without authorization, especially when children are sick, they often have a sudden onset and great changes, and children themselves cannot express themselves. You should go to the hospital for treatment at this time. For all kinds of sudden diseases of adults and sudden changes of old chronic diseases, we should also go to the hospital for treatment in time.
Generally, the following commonly used drugs can be prepared: 1. Antibiotics.
Such as erythromycin, compound sulfamethoxazole, ofloxacin, pipemidic acid, berberine, clotrimazole, etc. 2。
Digestive system medication. Such as multi-enzyme tablets, vitamin B complex, motilium, etc.
3。 Cold medicine
Such as ribavirin, Xiao Su Shangfeng Capsule, Ganmao Granule, Vitamin C Yinqiao Tablet, Compound Folium Isatidis, Radix Isatidis Granule, etc. 4。
Antipyretic and analgesic. Such as painkillers and paracetamol.
5。 Gastrointestinal antispasmodic drugs.
Such as 654-2 tablets and compound belladonna tablets. 6。
Antitussive, expectorant and antiasthmatic drugs. Such as Kebiqing, Gancao tablets, Shuchuanling, etc.
7。 antiallergic agent
Such as chlorpheniramine, cyproheptadine, sismin, etc. 8。
Laxative Ruodao, rhubarb soda tablets, kaisai dew, etc.
9。 Sedative sleeping pills
Such as diazepam and phenobarbital. 10。
Summer medication such as Ren Dan, Shidishui, Huoxiang Zhengqi Water, etc.
1 1。 Local painkiller
Such as Shangshi Zhitong ointment, Musk Zhuifeng ointment, safflower oil, collateral oil, etc. 12。
External anti-inflammatory disinfectant. Such as alcohol, gentian violet, iodine, potassium permanganate, band-aid, etc.
13。 Other classes.
Essential balm, cooling oil, 84 disinfectant, sterilized cotton wool, gauze tape, etc.
4. What medicine do you have at home?
Antipyretic and analgesic drugs: such as aspirin, painkillers, indomethacin, etc.
Drugs for treating colds: such as Puganmin, Xinkangke, Xiao Su Shangfeng Capsule, Li Qiang Yinqiao Tablet, Baijiahei Ganmao Tablet, Xiaoer Ganmao Ling, etc. Anticough and expectorant drugs: such as Bisuping, Kebiqing, Shedan Chuanbei Liquid, Compound Gancao Tablets, etc.
Antibacterial drugs: such as norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, ciprofloxacin, compound sulfamethoxazole and escitalopram. Gastrointestinal antispasmodics: such as propofol, 654-2, etc.
Digestive drugs: such as motilium, multienzyme tablets, hawthorn pill, etc. Laxatives: Ruodao, rhubarb soda tablets, glycerin suppository, kaisai dew, etc.
Antidiarrheal drugs: such as Yimengting, Zhixiening and Smecta. Antiallergic drugs: such as cyproheptadine, chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, etc.
External anti-inflammatory disinfectant: alcohol, iodine, purple liquid, red liquid, potassium permanganate, etc. External painkillers: such as rheumatism ointment, safflower oil, etc.
Others: Band-Aids, essential balm, cooling oil, sterilized cotton swabs, gauze, adhesive tape, etc. In addition, except for some drugs that need to be taken for a long time, the amount prepared at home should not be too much, usually three to five days is enough, so as to avoid failure and waste caused by too much preparation.
Matters needing attention in the palace medicine cabinet (1) Configuration principle: The contents of the family medicine cabinet should be determined according to the health status of the family population and family members. When purchasing drugs, we should be targeted, generally focusing on drugs for treating common diseases, frequently-occurring diseases and chronic diseases, and the varieties should be few and refined.
A medicine bottle or medicine box contains only one kind of medicine, and it should be labeled. The name, specification, use, usage, dosage and precautions of the medicine should be clearly written on the label. Children's medication and dosage should also be clearly written.
Internal medicine and external medicine should be stored separately, and there should be obvious signs indicating whether they are used externally or orally to avoid using the wrong medicine. (2) Pay attention to storage: spare drugs at home should be stored in a dry, ventilated and dark place.
Generally speaking, drugs are greatly influenced by air, sunlight, humidity and temperature, and are prone to deterioration and failure, especially when stored in poorly sealed bottles and medicine bags. In addition, if there are children at home, be careful not to let the children get the stored drugs to avoid taking them by mistake.
(3) Regularly check the quality of drugs: drugs stored in family medicine boxes should be regularly checked for deterioration and mildew. Generally, drugs with expiration date should be paid attention to, and other drugs should pay attention to appearance changes. If there are abnormal conditions such as discoloration and mildew, it should be discarded.
Drugs to be discarded: expired drugs. Such as drugs that have deteriorated, changed color, and passed the shelf life.
Mercuric chloride should be discarded, because the disinfection ability is not strong, and it is basically not used in clinic; Don't use iodine again, because the skin is * * *, and if you wrap the wound tightly, it may burn your skin. Iodophor is a new substitute for these two disinfectants, with good disinfection effect and low toxicity.
Laxatives should not be stored for a long time, which will make people dependent. It is a very bad habit to rely on laxatives, because the function of laxatives is intestinal peristalsis. Once the habit is formed, without it, the intestine can't work normally.
A better way to treat constipation is to eat fruit and crude fiber food. A small family medicine box needs equipment. First of all, you should have a pair of tweezers, with thorns on your hands and sand on the wound. It is better to use pointed tweezers than needles.
Secondly, there should be different specifications of disinfection gauze and plaster. Third, it is painkillers.
Because of the different location and nature of pain, you may wish to prepare two or three different painkillers and prescribe the right medicine. For example, drugs for abdominal pain include atropine and motilium; General pain, joint pain, head and external pain can be treated with aspirin, nifedipine and fenbid.
Fourth, keep some commonly used antacids. Sometimes my stomach will feel uncomfortable after eating. Try taking one or two drugs that can neutralize stomach acid. For example: ranitidine hydrochloride and so on.
Fifth, we should have drugs to treat mild diarrhea at hand. For example: berberine, ofloxacin, etc.
6. External ointment with camphor and mint as the main ingredients has many uses. Whether it is a mosquito bite or a rash, it is helpful to apply this ointment. But if the skin is broken, generally do not use it.
Seventh, chlorotoxin eye drops should still be kept. After swimming, drop a few drops when your eyes itch, which will relieve the symptoms immediately. But the eye drops should be kept at low temperature, and it is best to put them in the box at the door of the refrigerator.
In addition, the thermometer in the family medicine cabinet is also essential. If there are elderly people or patients with chronic diseases at home, the medicine box at home wants to be "heavier".
It is necessary to prepare symptomatic drugs that can relieve symptoms in time. .
5. What medicines should be kept by family members?
■ The main types of antipyretic and analgesic drugs prepared at home: such as aspirin, painkillers and indomethacin.
Drugs for treating colds: such as Puganmin, Xinkangke, Xiao Su Shangfeng Capsule, Li Qiang Yinqiao Tablet, Baijiahei Ganmao Tablet, Xiaoer Ganmao Ling, etc. Anticough and expectorant drugs: such as Bisuping, Kebiqing, Shedan Chuanbei Liquid, Compound Gancao Tablets, etc.
Antibacterial drugs: such as norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, ciprofloxacin, compound sulfamethoxazole and escitalopram. Gastrointestinal antispasmodics: such as propofol, 654-2, etc.
Digestive drugs: such as motilium, multienzyme tablets, hawthorn pill, etc. Laxatives: Ruodao, rhubarb soda tablets, glycerin suppository, kaisai dew, etc.
Antidiarrheal drugs: such as Yimengting, Zhixiening and Smecta. Antiallergic drugs: such as cyproheptadine, chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, etc.
External anti-inflammatory disinfectant: alcohol, iodine, purple liquid, red liquid, potassium permanganate, etc. External painkillers: such as rheumatism ointment, safflower oil, etc.
Others: Band-Aids, essential balm, cooling oil, sterilized cotton swabs, gauze, adhesive tape, etc. In addition, except for some drugs that need to be taken for a long time, the amount prepared at home should not be too much, usually three to five days is enough, so as to avoid failure and waste caused by too much preparation.
■ The following points should be noted when storing drugs: 1. Reasonable storage: drugs often deteriorate and fail due to external conditions such as light, heat, humidity, air, acid, alkali, temperature and microorganisms. Therefore, it is best to put the medicine stored at home into a brown bottle, tighten the lid and place it in a dark, dry and cool place to prevent deterioration and failure.
Some drugs susceptible to temperature, such as placental globulin and rifampicin eye drops, can be stored in the refrigerator. And alcohol, iodine and other preparations should be sealed and preserved. Second, indicate the expiration date and expiration date: drugs have expiration date and expiration date. You can't use it after the expiration date, otherwise it will affect the curative effect and even bring adverse consequences.
Raw materials should be classified and marked with eye-catching labels, indicating the storage date, drug name, usage, dosage and expiration date. Spare drugs should be checked regularly every year and replaced in time. Third, pay attention to appearance changes: pay attention to appearance changes when using reserved drugs.
For example, the flat plate is loose and discolored; The sugar coating of sugar-coated tablets is stuck or cracked; Capsule adhesion and rupture; Pill adhesion, mildew or moth-eaten; The powder is seriously hygroscopic, caking and moldy; Eye drops are discolored and turbid; When the ointment has odor, discoloration or oil layer precipitation, it cannot be used again. Four, custody: internal medicine and external medicine should be placed separately, so as not to get it wrong in the busy.
Drugs should be kept in a safe place to prevent children from taking them by mistake. ■ Don't be too casual when using family medicine. Symptoms are often one of the basis of disease diagnosis. Random medication will cover up the symptoms, leading to difficulties in diagnosis and even misdiagnosis.
Therefore, before the diagnosis, it is best not to use drugs casually. Furthermore, drugs have duality, which can not only cure diseases, but also cause diseases, and may be life-threatening in severe cases.
Therefore, in the absence of serious symptoms, there is no need to take drugs, especially analgesics, spasmolytics, digitalis, cortisone and other drugs, and it is better to use them as little as possible. Pay attention to the interaction of drugs when using drugs in the family medicine cabinet.
When two or more drugs are taken at the same time, they can interact, sometimes reducing the curative effect of one of them or causing adverse reactions. Such as penicillin and tetracycline, its antibacterial effect is not as good as that of single use.
Taking oxytetracycline and other intestinal bactericidal drugs at the same time will make the whole intestine ineffective, because the whole intestine is a Bifidobacterium preparation, which can adjust the imbalance of intestinal flora. Therefore, if you want to take several drugs at a time, you should do it under the guidance of a doctor or pharmacist to avoid failure due to the interaction of drugs.
This medicine must be taken in doses. Excessive use will cause adverse reactions and even death. If the elderly and children don't pay attention to the dosage of antipyretics, their body temperature may drop suddenly due to excessive sweating, causing collapse.
6. What is the common sense of family medicine storage?
First, according to the composition and health status of family members.
If there are old people and children, special attention should be paid to preparing their medicines. There are also patients with hypertension, tuberculosis, coronary heart disease and epilepsy. And drugs to treat these diseases should be available at any time; It is strictly forbidden to mix drugs that are allergic to family members in the family medicine box.
Second, choose old drugs with small side effects. The toxic and side effects of the old medicine have been fully exposed, which are clearly stated in the general instructions and are easy to find and prevent.
Due to the short use time, the new drug may have some unexpected reactions, which is not suitable for family standby. Third, choose drugs with stable curative effect and simple usage.
Try to choose oral drugs and topical drugs, and choose less or no injection drugs. Fourth, choose common and frequent drugs.
■ The main types of drugs prepared at home [essential basic drugs in the small family medicine box, cleaned every 3-6 months] antipyretic and analgesic drugs: such as aspirin, painkillers, indomethacin, etc. Drugs for treating colds: such as Puganmin, Xinkangke, Xiao Su Shangfeng Capsule, Li Qiang Yinqiao Tablet, Baijiahei Ganmao Tablet, Xiaoer Ganmao Ling, etc.
Anticough and expectorant drugs: such as Bisuping, Kebiqing, Shedan Chuanbei Liquid, Compound Gancao Tablets, etc. Antibacterial drugs: such as norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, ciprofloxacin, compound sulfamethoxazole and escitalopram.
Gastrointestinal antispasmodics: such as propofol, 654-2, etc. Digestive drugs: such as motilium, multienzyme tablets, hawthorn pill, etc.
Laxatives: Ruodao, rhubarb soda tablets, glycerin suppository, kaisai dew, etc. Antidiarrheal drugs: such as Yimengting, Zhixiening and Smecta.
Antiallergic drugs: such as cyproheptadine, chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, etc. External anti-inflammatory disinfectant: alcohol, iodine, purple liquid, red liquid, potassium permanganate, etc.
External painkillers: such as rheumatism ointment, safflower oil, etc. Others: Band-Aids, essential balm, cooling oil, sterilized cotton swabs, gauze, adhesive tape, etc.
In addition, except for some drugs that need to be taken for a long time, the amount prepared at home should not be too much, usually three to five days is enough, so as to avoid failure and waste caused by too much preparation. ■ The following points should be noted when storing drugs: 1. Reasonable storage: drugs often deteriorate and fail due to external conditions such as light, heat, humidity, air, acid, alkali, temperature and microorganisms.
Therefore, it is best to put the medicine stored at home into a brown bottle, tighten the lid and place it in a dark, dry and cool place to prevent deterioration and failure. Some drugs susceptible to temperature, such as placental globulin and rifampicin eye drops, can be stored in the refrigerator. And alcohol, iodine and other preparations should be sealed and preserved.
Second, indicate the expiration date and expiration date: drugs have expiration date and expiration date. You can't use it after the expiration date, otherwise it will affect the curative effect and even bring adverse consequences. Raw materials should be classified and marked with eye-catching labels, indicating the storage date, drug name, usage, dosage and expiration date. Spare drugs should be checked regularly every year and replaced in time.
Third, pay attention to appearance changes: pay attention to appearance changes when using reserved drugs. For example, the flat plate is loose and discolored; The sugar coating of sugar-coated tablets is stuck or cracked; Capsule adhesion and rupture; Pill adhesion, mildew or moth-eaten; The powder is seriously hygroscopic, caking and moldy; Eye drops are discolored and turbid; When the ointment has odor, discoloration or oil layer precipitation, it cannot be used again.
Four, custody: internal medicine and external medicine should be placed separately, so as not to get it wrong in the busy. Drugs should be kept in a safe place to prevent children from taking them by mistake.
■ Don't be too casual when using family medicine. Symptoms are often one of the basis of disease diagnosis. Random medication will cover up the symptoms, leading to difficulties in diagnosis and even misdiagnosis. Therefore, before the diagnosis, it is best not to use drugs casually.
Furthermore, drugs have duality, which can not only cure diseases, but also cause diseases, and may be life-threatening in severe cases. Therefore, in the absence of serious symptoms, there is no need to take drugs, especially analgesics, spasmolytics, digitalis, cortisone and other drugs, and it is better to use them as little as possible.
Pay attention to the interaction of drugs when using drugs in the family medicine cabinet. When two or more drugs are taken at the same time, they can interact, sometimes reducing the curative effect of one of them or causing adverse reactions.
Such as penicillin and tetracycline, its antibacterial effect is not as good as that of single use. Taking oxytetracycline and other intestinal bactericidal drugs at the same time will make the whole intestine ineffective, because the whole intestine is a Bifidobacterium preparation, which can adjust the imbalance of intestinal flora.
Therefore, if you want to take several drugs at a time, you should do it under the guidance of a doctor or pharmacist to avoid failure due to the interaction of drugs. This medicine must be taken in doses. Excessive use will cause adverse reactions and even death.
If the elderly and children don't pay attention to the dosage of antipyretics, their body temperature may drop suddenly due to excessive sweating, causing collapse.
7. What is the common sense of family medication?
Tips for home medication: ① Don't use drugs rashly.
With the continuous development of medicine, many drugs have become the basic drugs and commonly used drugs in the family. Such as antibiotics, anti-infective drugs, etc. However, although some new drugs have the same efficacy as those commonly used in the past, their usage and dosage are often different.
Some people take it according to past experience or through hearsay, which is very harmful. Others are eager for success, hate taking medicine, and don't increase the dose according to the instructions, which is very dangerous.
Drugs can cure diseases, but they can also cause diseases. For example, the half-life of anti-inflammatory compound sulfamethoxazole in human body is 12 hours, so the correct way to take it is to take two tablets twice a day.
If the interval of taking medicine is less than 12 hours, it will accumulate in the body and damage the kidney in severe cases. ① Don't take medicine blindly.
Children and pregnant women need more nutrition than ordinary people, but not all children and pregnant women need a lot of supplementary nutrition. Those who lack nutrition must be supplemented, and those who do not lack nutrition will be malnourished.
Under normal circumstances, trace elements such as zinc and iron in the human body are in a state of dynamic balance. If the supplement is excessive, it will destroy the balance and produce side effects. Especially vitamin drugs, the lack of human body will make you sick, and too much intake in the body will also cause disease.
Nutrition is best taken from food, and try not to get satisfaction from drug supplementation. Don't take tonic if you are not sick.
First of all, it must be clear that tonic is also a medicine. Secondly, taking tonic should be symptomatic.
Good health, no lack of nutrition, taking tonic is harmful. If you want to live a long and healthy life, taking tonic is not the way, nor can you achieve your goal. The secret of a long and healthy life is a good lifestyle and exercise.
8. What should I pay attention to in the preservation of family standing medicines?
Domestic pharmaceutical preparations provide convenience for family use, but drugs are different from other commodities. Attention should be paid to the following points when preparing drugs.
(1) It is best to bottle the medicine in brown, and the label should indicate the name, dosage, usage, dosage and expiration date of the medicine. There is generally no need to store drugs in paper bags or cartons. The medicine retrieved from the hospital is in bulk. After recovery, the remaining drugs should be stored in clean vials in time, otherwise they will go bad easily.
(2) Volatile drugs such as alcohol, iodine, mint ingot, wind oil essence, cooling oil, safflower oil and musk rheumatism oil should be kept in a cool and low temperature place below 30℃ in addition to being sealed after use. (3) Glycerol suppository, Anasu suppository, antipruritic suppository, chlorhexidine suppository and infantile antipyretic suppository should be in 2? Store in15 C, otherwise it will be easily deteriorated by heat.
(4) Compound aluminum hydroxide tablets, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium trisilicate, multienzyme tablets, belladonna tablets, carbachol tablets, phenytoin sodium tablets, yeast tablets, aspirin, ferrous sulfate, etc. It is easy to deteriorate due to moisture and should be placed in a dry place. (5) Aerosol contains propellant, which has a certain pressure and is easy to explode once it is hit by heat.
Therefore, it should be stored in a cool place, avoid high temperature and direct sunlight, and pay attention to prevent extrusion and impact when handling. (6) Regularly check whether the drugs are damaged, deteriorated or expired. Once found, they should be resolutely scrapped.
(7) In order to ensure the safety, effectiveness and economy of home medication, it is not recommended to store drugs in large quantities, and the variety and quantity should be refined rather than excessive. (8) Adults and children's medicines should be stored separately, especially in families in it runs in the family; Internal medicine and external medicine should be stored separately.
Now many families keep pets, and veterinary drugs should be kept separately. Moreover, anti-insect drugs should also be strictly added.
In short, it should be classified and saved to avoid the danger of making mistakes in busy work.