Classification of medical waste
1, infectious waste: can carry pathogenic microorganisms with the risk of infectious disease transmission of medical waste, such as the patient's blood, bodily fluids, feces and so on.
2, pathological waste: diagnosis and treatment of human waste generated in the process and medical laboratory animal carcasses.
3, injurious waste: can stab or cut the human body discarded medical sharps, such as needles, scalpels and so on.
4, pharmaceutical waste: expired, eliminated or contaminated waste drugs.
5, chemical waste: toxic, corrosive waste chemicals.
Medical waste disposal methods
1, high-temperature incineration method
Medical waste at a certain temperature and sufficient oxygen conditions, can be completely burned into ash. Under the action of high-temperature flame, incineration equipment within the medical waste through the drying, ignition, incineration of three stages will be converted into residue and gas, pathogenic microorganisms and harmful substances in the incineration process is also due to the high temperature and the effective destruction. The incineration method is applicable to all kinds of infectious medical waste and is the mainstream technology in the field of medical waste treatment.
2, pyrolysis treatment method
Pyrolysis method is the use of waste in the thermal instability of organic matter, the organic components of medical waste in the anaerobic or oxygen-poor conditions of high-temperature heating, with heat to make the compounds of the chemical bond breaking, so that large molecular weight of the organic matter into a combustible gas, liquid fuels and coke in the process.
This treatment technology and incineration method compared with the lower temperature, no open flame combustion process, heavy metals and so on most of the residue to remain in the residue, can recover a large amount of heat energy, a better solution to the biggest problem of medical waste incineration treatment technology.
3, sterilization and disinfection method
Sterilization and disinfection treatment methods are more, can take high temperature and high pressure steam sterilization, chemical disinfection, microwave disinfection method. Mainly through high temperature, high pressure, chemical reagents, a certain frequency or wavelength of microwave technology to destroy the living environment of microorganisms and viruses, reduce the degree of medical waste on human health and environmental hazards.