Based on the time of occurrence, hospital infections can be categorized into two types: intra-hospital and post-hospital infections. In this case, intra-hospital infections are those that occur within 48 hours, while post-hospital infections are those that occur some time after a patient is discharged from the hospital. In addition, hospital-acquired infections can be categorized according to the source of pathogens, including cross-infections, environmental infections, and device-related infections.
Hospital-acquired infections are infections that are acquired in a hospital, including those that occur during hospitalization and those that are acquired in a hospital and occur after discharge from the hospital, but do not include infections that have begun prior to admission to the hospital or are in the incubation period at the time of admission to the hospital, and occur in the hospital. Hospital-acquired infection refers to a pathogenic microbial infection that occurs in a healthcare facility that is not specific to a particular disease and encompasses a wide range of infections, including mainly upper respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, oral infections, soft tissue infections, and so on.
The main reason for hospital-acquired infections is the difference between the environment of a healthcare facility and the environment of daily life, where there are a large number of patients and healthcare workers who may be carrying pathogenic bacteria, which are more likely to spread in this environment. In addition to this, doctors, nurses and other healthcare workers work in environments that are extensively contaminated with pathogens, which also increases the risk of infection.
Signs and symptoms:
1. Surgical wound infection:Aureus is an important causative agent of wound infections, and the infection usually occurs 3 to 8 days after surgery, and contact transmission is more important than airborne transmission during the surgical period, and cross-infection between patients in the ward following Doo-Tung-Kung-Ru surgery The infection is usually spread by contact, and some S. aureus wound infections may come from the patients themselves.
2, lower respiratory tract infections: pharyngeal colonization of pathogenic bacteria may come from the patient's gastric rotunda intestinal tract, but also by the cross-infection between patients or through the spread of the hands of the hospital staff to obtain, respirators, nebulizers, air-expanding macro-humidifiers and so on can become a medium for the dissemination of bacteria, some therapeutic appliances have a liquid reservoir equipment can be a Gram-negative bacilli to create the conditions for the growth of tracheotomized patients lose the pharyngeal defenses. pharyngeal defense function.
3, sepsis: the incidence of sepsis in the hospital for 0.3% to 2.8%, primary sepsis (primary infection of the lesion is not obvious or by intravenous fluids, intravascular testing and hemodialysis-induced sepsis) accounted for about half of sepsis, and the other is derived from urologic surgical wounds, the lower respiratory tract and skin and other infections.