Clinical oral care is an important element of primary care, and the twenty-first century presents oral health as an integral part of quality of life. Here is the oral nursing essay I have compiled for you for your reference.
Oral Nursing Dissertation Essay Sample 1: Clinical Research Progress in Oral Nursing Medicine
Abstract From the history, current status and development of Chinese and Western medical research on oral nursing, a comprehensive and detailed review of clinical research on oral nursing was conducted.
Abstract The overall and detailed review of the clinical research on oral nursing was made in respect of its history,present situation and future development.
Key words Oral nursing Clinical research Progress
Keywords Oral nursing Clinical research Development
Oral nursing began in the Tang Dynasty, the "medical sayings" put forward ? Early gargling is not as good as lying down and gargling to get rid of the accumulation between the teeth, and the teeth are also strong. Over the past thousands of years, from ancient times to the present, people from different perspectives and different aspects of oral disease research, observation, development of a number of drugs to treat oral disease, and obtain a better therapeutic effect. The progress of clinical research on oral care is summarized as follows.
1 History of oral care
Oral care has a history of thousands of years, but the name of mouth sores, first seen in the "Neijing", such as the "Suwen * gas sympathetic theory" said: ? The age of gold is not as good as, inflammation fire is traveling,? The people are sick with mouth sores. that the onset of mouth sores is related to climate disorders. After that, many writings, and successively elucidated the causes of mouth sores, pathology, and identification of the law of care. Sui Dynasty Chao Yuanfang, "the origin of all diseases * mouth and tongue sores," said: "Hand Shaoyin, the heart's meridian is also a disease of the heart, the heart's meridian. Hand Shaoyin, the heart of the meridian also, the heart gas through the tongue; foot Taiyin, the spleen of the meridian also, the spleen gas through the mouth. When the internal organs are hot, the heat rides on the heart and spleen, and the gas rushes to the mouth and tongue, thus causing sores on the mouth and tongue. Clearly pointed out that the cause of mouth sores in the heart and spleen heat.
Sun Simiao in the Tang Dynasty in the "Thousand Gold Formula * Mouth Disease" pointed out that mouth sores recurring episodes of the characteristics of the method of care, said: "Where there are mouth sores and dental disease, the person who has the mouth sores and dental disease. Anyone suffering from mouth sores and dental disease, banning oil, flour, wine, soy sauce, sour vinegar, salty and greasy dry jujube. After the difference is still prudent, if not soon prudent, looking for the re-emergence, hair that is difficult to difference, rose root, horn artemisia for mouth sores of the sacred medicine, people do not know. Song Dynasty "Sheng Ji General Records * mouth and tongue sores" said:? Sore mouth and tongue, heart and spleen meridian heat is also caused. The first is that the mouth sores are caused by the heart and the spleen. Mouth sores, by the heart and spleen have heat, the gas rushes up the jiao, smoked hair mouth and tongue, so as to make sores also. Stomach qi is weak, grain qi is small, false yang on the hair as mouth sores, can not stick to one and the theory, when seeking the origin of its acceptance also. The first step is to point out that there are real mouth sores and virtual mouth sores.
Zhu Danxi in the Yuan Dynasty, "Danxi Xinfa * mouth and teeth" door? Appendix? It points out the different treatments for mouth sores in the solid and deficiency cases. Zhang Jingyue detailed treatment of mouth sores; Ming Gong Tingxian's argument is similar to Zhang Jingyue, but the identification of medication has its own characteristics. Zhang Lu and Luo Guozang of the Qing Dynasty expressed their own views on aphthous ulcers [1-4]. Throughout the ages, doctors have developed their understanding of mouth sores, and their experience in treating and caring for them has also been enriched.
2 Modern research on oral care
The Chinese medicine of the oral cavity buccal palate, lips and tongue, gingiva and other places of mucosal damage as a characteristic of oral disease is called aphthous ulcers. The evidence of aphthous ulcers includes a variety of oral diseases in Western medicine, such as recurrent aphthous ulcers, leukodystrophy, traumatic oral mucosal damage, tuberculous oral mucosal ulcers, oral ulcers associated with infectious diseases, oral ulcers complicating a variety of medical diseases, and oral ulcers occurring in the radiotherapy and chemotherapy of malignant tumors. Clinical manifestations include localized burning pain, recurrent episodes, and prolonged healing. Oral disease is one of the problems that stomatologists find very difficult, and it has been increasingly emphasized by domestic and foreign scholars as a research topic. Famous professor Fan Mingwen [5] has discussed the etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, clinical classification and treatment of oral diseases.
And oral care technology from the traditional medical care a (i.e., diagnosis, treatment and care are undertaken by the doctor alone) gradually developed into an independent discipline. Jilin Medical University prepared by the "nursing knowledge" [6] discussed? The human mouth often contains a large number of bacteria, when people are sick due to low resistance, drinking and eating less, often can make the oral cavity bacteria multiply, carbohydrate decomposition, fermentation, acid production, thus not only easy to cause periodontal disease, mumps, etc., but also can make the mouth stink, affect the appetite and digestive function, oral infections, and even lead to systemic infections. clearly pointed out the importance of oral care. Tong Yapei et al [7] put forward the purpose of oral care: to keep the oral cavity clean, moist, prevent the mucous membrane from drying and cracking; to avoid bad breath, so that the patient is comfortable, improve appetite; to prevent oral infections and complications; observation of the tongue and oral mucous membrane changes.
Lou Jingxia [8], in addition to discussing the importance of oral care and introducing the use of oral care, usage, but also proposed the routine use of oral care of medicinal fluids, such as aromatic gargle, 1:5000 furacillin solution, 3% boric acid solution, Dobel's solution, saline, 0.25% ~ 1% procaine. Jiao Jizhi et al [9] discussed oral pH and oral care. Wang Mingzhu et al [10] discussed the anatomical basis of the oral cavity, the composition of the oral cavity, and the precautions of oral care. Du Zhizheng [11] discussed the cleanliness and hygiene care of the oral cavity is related to the patient's physical and mental health, oral hygiene care in addition to maintaining the general hygiene of the oral cavity, and more requirements for the oral diseases and the means of care.
3 Progress in oral care
Oral care has received increasing attention, but the common nursing drugs for patients with mouth sores are less than ideal, with more side effects and poor therapeutic effect, and thus the emergence of traditional Chinese medicine gargle, such as Chen Jun [12] proposed a traditional Chinese medicine gargle for the prevention of mouth sores and the treatment of mouth sores; Zhu Kidney Jie [13] discusses the treatment of recurrent mouth sores by Jin Pu San containing gargle; Wang Yannan [14] discusses the Wang Yannan [14] discussed the clinical application of clove gargle and other similar studies. However, the above studies still remain in the traditional way of research and expression, and so far no effective Chinese medicine mouthwash has been developed and put on the market. Mouth Sore Spirit Gargle [15] according to modern pharmacological research, combined with traditional medicine, the cause of disease, disease mechanism, disease location, the essence of the theory of disease, the selection of the traditional prescription of the group of methods and methods, the synthesis of their own formula, a change in the traditional pills, loose dosage form, strict operation and made, clinical application of 245 cases, are satisfied with the results.
References
1 Zhou Dacheng. The history of Chinese stomatology. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 1991.143
2 Yang Wenru, Li Baohua. A Review of Famous Chinese Doctors of All Ages. Xi'an: Shaanxi Science and Technology Publishing House, 1980.43
3 Fang Yuzhong, Deng Tietao, Li Keguang, etc. Practical Chinese Internal Medicine. Practical Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1985.264
4 Wang, Wang Xiu-ying. A Brief History of Nursing Development. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1987.4
5 Fan, M. W., Xu, W. K., Li, B. Q., et al. Recurrent oral ulcers. Stomatology, 1986, 2(1):41
6 Jilin Medical University. Nursing knowledge. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 1976.12
7 Tong Y P, Tao Y D, Guo S Y et al. Nursing manual. Jinan: Shandong Provincial People's Hospital. 1978.36
8 Lou Jingxia. Nursing manual of oral health care. Xi'an: Shaanxi Science and Technology Press, 1986.208
9 Jiao Jizhi, Tan Shurong. Oral pH and Oral Nursing. Journal of Practical Nursing, 1986, 2(6):17
10 Wang, M.J... Anatomy manual of practical nursing techniques. Beijing: Jindun Publishing House, 1987.74
Oral Nursing Essay Sample 2: An Overview of the Current Status of Oral Nursing ResearchAbstract: Nowadays, with the progress and development of the society, the material standard of living of the people is gradually improved. At the same time, the food culture has also developed, people's tables appeared a wide variety of food and beverage products, people in the enjoyment of food at the same time, the maintenance of oral health has also been emphasized. Oral care is the basic content of clinical basic nursing technology operation, but also to maintain oral hygiene, prevention and treatment of disease, do a good job of oral care can improve people's quality of life, to maintain and promote the patient's physical health, and improve the quality of basic care.
Keywords: oral care; concept; current situation
1 The concept of oral care
The oral cavity is the beginning of the digestive tract, the front of the oral cavity with the help of the lip fissure and the outside world, and then through the pharyngeal isthmus and pharyngeal continuation. In the human oral cavity exists in a large number of pathogenic bacteria and normal bacteria, when the body's defense function declines in the oral cavity of pathogenic bacteria reproduce in large quantities, thus leading to oral diseases or lower respiratory tract diseases. In order to prevent this? Disease enters by the mouth? phenomenon, some appropriate oral care measures are very worth advocating. Oral care refers to the use of appropriate oral care appliances combined with certain technical methods, with the assistance of appropriate oral care solution to achieve oral comfort, oral hygiene, removal of oral bacteria, prevention of oral inflammation, prevention of aspiration pneumonia [1].
2 The impact of oral care on human health
Oral care affects people's physical health, mainly in the following three aspects: first, oral hygiene is essential for nutritional intake and absorption. Teeth and their surrounding tissues have been shown to contribute to the maintenance of proper nutritional status, and therefore to the maintenance of general health [2]. It has been shown that people without teeth are deficient in consuming vegetables, fiber and carotenoids, but are able to consume more cholesterol, saturated fatty acids and calories [3]. Secondly, periodontal tissue is a breeding ground for carriers of bacteria and other infectious diseases, and the transmission of these viruses through the bloodstream can induce cerebrovascular and respiratory diseases [4].
Finally, oral health also affects the normal conduct of socialization, people with oral diseases may have some barriers to communication with others, such as bad breath or bleeding gums caused by the lack of necessary oral care in some patients, so that when the patient in conversation with others will be worried about causing resentment and hesitant to talk, or even unwilling to talk to others [5]. In summary, good oral hygiene has a positive impact on maintaining human physiological health and social health, and good oral care can improve people's quality of life [6].
3 The concept of modern oral care
Nowadays, people are paying more and more attention to oral health problems and put forward ? Oral health? is? quality of life? an inseparable part, showing the importance of oral care in daily life. Oral health and physical health levels are independent and interconnected, and oral health interacts with general health through biology, psychology and development. With the continuous development of nursing, people's requirements for oral care have gradually increased and are now not limited to simple oral cleaning. Oral care has evolved from the simple prevention of oral diseases to the scientific and technological level in order to maintain and promote physical health and improve the quality of life of patients [7, 8].
First of all, in the process of oral care, people should not only pay attention to the effect of oral care, but also pay more attention to the comfort during oral care. Comfort not only shows the care for patients, but also the basic requirements of patients. When caring for patients, paying attention to patients' feelings is the basis of the requirements of the whole nursing process. Zheng Ling [9] used the viewpoint of holistic care to analyze the current situation of oral care, pointing out that in the oral care operation, we should focus on considering the sense of comfort, that is, the comfort of the taste, vision and psychological aspects.
In addition, it is important to pay attention to the role of the patient in the process of oral care.The Orem model of self-care emphasizes the importance of patient self-care in nursing. There are some limitations in the conventional methods of oral care, the patient in the self-care deficiencies, which requires not only the assistance of health care professionals, but also requires the patient to play their own initiative, to improve the patient's self-care ability at the same time to enhance the patient's self-confidence [10]. Therefore, before the oral care of patients should be a comprehensive understanding of the patient and the overall assessment, in addition to the observation of the patient's oral cavity, the patient's oral health care knowledge and the degree of self-care also need to be asked, in order to the patient in the oral care of the deficiencies to be guided and helped to promote the improvement of the patient's self-care ability [11].
Oral care requires the development of appropriate oral care measures and guidelines based on the patient's condition, the selection of appropriate instruments and equipment and medications for the patient, and the study and use of evidence-based thinking to guide the practice of health care workers in research and the practice of oral care for patients.Ross A et al [12] in the training of oral care based on evidence-based medicine, the establishment of a preoral care Assessment criteria, the patient's lips, tongue, oral mucosa, teeth and saliva five parts of the assessment, based on the score to develop appropriate oral care measures for the patient, so that the oral care methods for targeted selection and adjustment is conducive to improving the quality of the entire oral care process.
4 oral care basic steps
First, before the oral care of the patient, the patient's oral cavity and the whole body should be fully understood, such as the loosening of the teeth and occlusion, the presence of dental caries and denture, teeth and oral cleanliness, gingival health, the presence of ulcers in the oral mucosa, vesiculation, the tongue's flexibility, color, etc.; second, observe the patient brushing teeth, Secondly, observe the patient to brush teeth, gargle and other things that they can and can not do, to determine the degree of self-care; again, comply with the patient's request, choose the patient to feel comfortable and not fatigue position to carry out the next care measures; and then, the advantages and disadvantages of a variety of oral health care methods, choose the appropriate combination of the implementation of the patient's oral health care; finally, in the end of the oral care of the patient, we must tell the patient that the oral cavity has been cleaned and tell the patient that After oral care and daily life should pay attention to the problem, and then organize the instruments used, and make a good record [13].
In addition, in the process of oral care should pay attention to the following aspects: First, before the operation, we should explain to the patient the purpose and process of the step, whether there is pain and the degree of pain, so that the patient is prepared, try to obtain the patient's trust, can not be reluctant to implement the operation, the operation should be patient, careful, rapid, and try to reduce the patient's discomfort. Second, during the implementation process, not only should we carefully observe the patient's oral status, but also pay attention to observe the patient's facial expression, such as found that the patient has a change of color, we should make timely inquiries to understand the patient's feelings and make appropriate adjustments. Third, after the implementation, we should carefully observe the oral cavity, look carefully at the oral status after care whether there is a change, check whether there is any abnormality in the oral cavity, and observe the effect of care.
5 Basic methods of oral care
5.1 Sugar gargling method
This method is simple, easy to operate, and the patient's practicability is strong, and the specific implementation method is as follows. Patients use the tongue in the mouth up and down, left and right, back and forth repeatedly and repeatedly stir, and make the liquid retained in the mouth for 3-5 minutes can be every 1-2 hours gargling, in the morning, 30 minutes after meals and bedtime gargling is particularly important. This method can improve the acidic environment of the oral cavity, and can effectively remove debris and secretions, and reduce plaque, which is the best choice for patients to keep the oral cavity clean and prevent oral infections [14]. 5.2 Rinsing method
At present, this method is a more effective and widely used oral care method in the clinic. Some patients have serious oral injuries, there are splints, wires and other fixations in the mouth, or limited mouth opening for other reasons. For the above phenomena, Qi Huiping et al [15] proposed an injectable negative pressure suction method, which is operated as follows. The healthcare worker slowly injects mouthwash into the patient's mouth with a syringe in the left hand, and at the same time holds a negative-pressure suction catheter in the right hand for suction, and the steps of injection and suction are synchronized until the oral cavity is rinsed out completely. This method is simple to operate, the oral cavity is thoroughly cleaned, and is suitable for patients with serious oral cavity damage or limited mouth opening.
5.3 Oral wiping method
It has been illustrated in the literature that the rinsing method can only temporarily reduce the number of free bacteria when cleaning the oral cavity, and it is ineffective in removing plaque adhering to the tooth surfaces, whereas the wiping method is able to effectively remove plaque [16]. Therefore, wiping method is also a widely used oral care method, which is mainly applicable to patients with bleeding tendency, toothlessness, difficulty in opening, inability to gargle, conscious disorders or inability to take care of themselves. Specific operational steps are as follows: using gauze or cotton swabs soaked with gargle water, wipe the patient's teeth from the outer anterior teeth from the outside to the inside of one by one, the occlusal surface of the teeth and the inner side of the teeth is also the same method, the process of wiping should be massaged on the dental bed, the combination of the teeth and the neck of the teeth are prone to residue, to use a small cotton swab for repeated wiping, but also pay attention to the buccal region, the sublingual region and palatal region of the scrubbing [17].
In summary, with the continuous progress of modern medical technology, oral care has achieved great results in the clinic, and this article only briefly describes the concept, steps and methods of oral care. In recent years, the research on oral care has paid more attention to individualization and diversification of operation methods, in fact, in our country, people's research on oral care is still very limited, the nursing method is relatively single, the development of oral care urgently needs a large number of studies for support. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research on oral care interventions and randomized controlled trials in China, so as to develop appropriate oral care methods for different patients is the direction of people's efforts in the future.
References
[1] Ji Huimin, Fang Chenggen. Progress in theoretical research and practice of oral care [J]. Foreign medicine: nursing fascicle, 2002, 21(10):453-455.
[2]Saunders M L J, Stattmiller S P, Kirk K M. Oral health issues in the nutrition of institutionalized elders [ J]. Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly, 2008, 26(3-4): 39-58.
[3]Joshipura K J, Willett W C, Douglass C W. The impact of edentulousness on food and nutrient intake[J]. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 1996, 127(4): 459-467.
[4]Clemmens D A, Kerr A R. Improving oral health in women: nurses' call to action[J]. MCN: The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing, 2008, 33(1): 10-14.
[5]Jung Y M, Shin D S. Oral health, nutrition, and oral health-related quality of life among Korean older adults[J]. Journal of gerontological nursing, 2008, 34(10): 28-35.
[6]Bailey R, Gueldner S, Ledikwe J, et al. The oral health of older adults: an interdisciplinary mandate. interdisciplinary mandate. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 2005, 31(7), 11-17.
[7]Liu M, Sun BY. Study on the prevention of infection in patients with oral intubation by electric toothbrush combined with oxidized potential water[J]. China Practical Nursing, 2005, 21(7):6-9.
[8]Nong Xiaoqun. New progress in oral care research [J]. Nursing Practice and Research, 2010, 7(8):98-100.
[9]Zheng Ling. Utilizing evidence-based thinking to guide oral care[J]. China Practical Nursing, 2007, 23(2):32-33.
[10]Jiang Weiya, Zhu Chunyan, Hu Fen. Application of Orem's self-care theory to guide self-oral care for cranial traction patients[J]. Nursing Research: Early Edition, 2007, 21(2):349-349.
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