During the operation of reverse osmosis, due to the operation mode of cross-flow filtration/infiltration, high-quality water is produced, and a certain amount of concentrated water is also produced, which dissolves about 98% of inorganic salts, organic substances and colloids in raw water. According to the recovery rate of the system and the arrangement of membrane elements, the recovery rate of reverse osmosis devices is also different. In reverse osmosis concentrated water, when the dissolution equilibrium constant of inorganic salts exceeds its Ksp value, inorganic salts will crystallize and precipitate.
In order to prevent RO membrane elements from selectively permeating desalted water and concentrating dissolved solids on the concentrated water side, the concentration product is greater than the solubility equilibrium constant Ksp. Scaling on the surface of RO membrane will affect the performance parameters of RO membrane, such as desalination rate, water flux and operating pressure. If fine particles appear and cannot be treated in time, the dissolved solids will take them as the crystallization core, which will make