Strengthening the management of construction machinery, improve the maintenance level of construction machinery and management techniques, has become an important method to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, improve efficiency and economic benefits. The following is my paper on machinery for your reference.
Sample paper on machinery I: airport engineering machinery and equipment safety management paperAbstract: First of all, we should strengthen the self-inspection, in the work of the first, middle and late to carry out the safety inspection of the equipment, and should be organized on a regular basis to check. Secondly, the vehicle safety inspection should also be vigilant, in the construction site, the mobility of the vehicle has a greater likelihood of accidents, it must be mandatory inspection.
Keywords: construction machinery; safety management
1 prone to safety accidents and cause analysis
The more common safety accidents are: equipment damage, personal injury and death, triggering fires and so on, to prevent and control these accidents at the root, we need to analyze the causes and start from the root.
(1) equipment causes
There are many reasons for equipment, such as: mechanical equipment itself there are unsafe factors, did not use the safety design or ignore the quality of the equipment; defective parts, but also because of the inspection is not in place to make it pass, and ultimately installed on the machine as a safety hazard; safety facilities aging or poor performance; use of unqualified materials such as unqualified oil will be damaged. Will damage the machine. Many companies in the mechanical equipment failure, only to seek? Restore the original? The company's business is to restore the equipment to its original state. Can be used? On the line, backward equipment, faulty equipment for repeated maintenance, without the necessary technical transformation, resulting in serious backwardness of construction machinery. Not only consume more fuel, low efficiency, and very prone to failure, and ultimately increase the maintenance costs, delay the schedule, even if repaired is difficult to restore performance and accuracy, can not meet the requirements of the airport construction construction, to bring unnecessary trouble to the construction.
(2) man-made reasons
Man-made reasons are mainly as follows: operators take chances, think the probability of accidents is low, so the old equipment is not eliminated, the overhaul of the equipment is not overhauled; lack of technical knowledge of safety, unfamiliar with the operating procedures of the equipment, can not cope with emergencies, the possibility of safety accidents lack of foreseeability; poor working spirit, leading to the operation of omissions. This leads to negligence in operation. Facts have proved that human attention can not maintain a high degree of concentration for a long time, especially in the airport construction of such a fast-paced, high-pressure work, a little negligence, it is easy to lead to safety accidents; the management of the team's lax discipline, lack of responsibility, do not seriously check, resulting in a lack of coordination and cooperation between the team.
(3) Environmental reasons
In airport construction, most of the equipment is not fixed installation, so it is almost impossible to maintain a good working environment for it. In the environment of excessive noise, insufficient lighting, unsuitable temperature, soft ground, excessive slope, etc., safety accidents are likely to occur. For example, when working at night, it is easy for operators to misjudge due to poor lighting. In addition, some irresistible factors, such as natural disasters, can also cause safety accidents.
2 Analysis of airport machinery and equipment safety management measures
(1) Strict selection of machinery and equipment, improve the quality of machinery and equipment into the field testing
. Part of the enterprise to save investment, do not pay attention to the introduction and replacement of advanced equipment, for the old equipment is also holding the attitude of make do, so that a large number of end-of-life machinery, backward machinery inundated in the construction site, resulting in the construction of the site of the hidden dangers. Airport construction is related to people's lives and property safety, must be emphasized. First of all, the mechanical equipment should be strictly on-site testing and careful selection, for the old equipment, equipment that has been eliminated, equipment in poor condition are prohibited from entering the field. Secondly, all the equipment should be registered, build a good account, when the exit should also be in accordance with the registration of the entry into the field of strict inspection, in order to prevent the equipment missed in the field. Finally, airport machinery and equipment have strict technical requirements for use, so they must be strictly selected models and reasonably deployed, and the equipment must be used in accordance with the regulations to reduce wear and tear and prolong the life of the equipment. Mechanical equipment must be strictly placed in designated areas, and each machine must be equipped with specialized safety staff. For the use of mechanical equipment, the use of safety protection equipment, such as automatic display, automatic alarm, automatic parking, etc..
(2) Strengthen the training of operators and develop a safety management system
Training of operators, including technical training and safety training, and require them to be licensed. Training should be planned and targeted, and personnel access should be strictly controlled. Relevant personnel should be diligent in checking and paying more attention to the equipment. During operation, the staff can not leave the cab unless there is a necessary situation, but also strictly prohibit construction after drinking, and the phenomenon of throwing debris and other phenomena should also be seriously dealt with. In the construction process, the problem of heavy construction, light management is particularly obvious, this is because in the construction process, most companies are only concerned about whether the project can be completed within the specified time. The management of the work from the surface does not seem to be able to bring an obvious effect on the construction progress, but also can not bring direct economic benefits to the enterprise, which makes some enterprises think that it is a waste to invest too much energy in the management of construction machinery. For this reason, it is necessary to formulate the safety operation regulations of machinery, and at the same time, formulate a reasonable and targeted safety management system, which is the basis of safety education for operators and the basis for analyzing the causes of accidents. In addition, the development of scientific emergency plans and drills should be carried out, found that the problem should be dealt with in a timely manner and summarize the experience.
(3) Strengthen the safety inspection of equipment
First of all, we should strengthen the self-inspection, before, during and after work to carry out the safety inspection of equipment, and to organize regular inspections. Secondly, the vehicle safety inspection should also be vigilant, in the construction site, the possibility of accidents in vehicles with high mobility is greater, and it must be mandatory to check.
References
1Industrial agglomeration, clustering and development strategy of engineering machinery industryLiu YoujinSuoso2004-08-3034
2Magnetorheological technology and its application in mechanical engineeringHuang Haochai,Huang YijianManufacturing technology and machine tools2003-04-1534
Current status of the research on the application of 3GMM in Mechatronics Engineering Wang Chuanli,Fang Ping,Ding FanElectronic Mechanical Engineering2002-09-2534
4Facing the 21st Century Mechanical Engineering Teaching ReformYang Shuzi,Zhou Ji,Wu Changlin,Zhang Furen,Dai TongHigher Engineering Education Research2002-01-30
Thesis on mechanical aspects of the paper two: the development trend of the intelligentization of the construction machinery < p> Abstract: The intelligent development trend of construction machinery not only means that construction machinery needs to change the traditional mode of operation, but also need to change the operation process of machinery, will be integrated and intelligent form into the construction machinery workflow, so as to improve the efficiency of the construction machinery, reduce resource loss, so that the construction machinery can be highly efficient to complete the requirements of the construction project. This paper discusses the intelligent development trend and development of construction machinery.Keywords: construction machinery; intelligent; development countermeasures
Modern engineering technology not only needs to have integrated conditions, but also needs to have certain intelligent conditions. Accompanied by the continuous expansion of modern construction scale, the traditional engineering machinery technology has been difficult to adapt to the scale of the construction project requirements. In order to make the construction machinery to adapt to the current development trend of construction projects, construction machinery need to change the direction of development, integration of current science and technology, the inclusion of intelligent technology, so that the monitoring system of construction machinery, detection system, forecasting system, maintenance system can realize intelligent management, so as to provide more efficient construction technology for modern construction projects.
1 construction machinery intelligent development trend status
(1) construction machinery intelligent control technology and stand-alone integration development trend. Construction machinery intelligent control technology and stand-alone integration technology mainly includes electro-hydraulic control automatic shift transmission, programming control, unmanned operation and other technologies. In terms of the current development trend of intelligent construction machinery in China, its automatic gear shift technology is more widely used at present. The technology can effectively improve the quality of construction machinery operation technology to bring more benefits, and in the application of technology can effectively improve the technical performance, reduce the work intensity and workload of the traditional construction machinery, the workload of the staff also has a certain role in reducing. Among them, the automatic gearshift equipment mainly contains two kinds of hydraulic and electro-hydraulic type. Hydraulic application mode is mainly in the process of automobile driving, the vehicle's driving speed, throttle start degree and other parameters are converted to oil pressure signal, so as to use the oil pressure signal to control the automobile's gearshift valve, so that the automobile's gearshift valve can form an automated gearshift mode. Electro-hydraulic application mode can be the car driving speed, throttle opening degree and other vehicles in the driving process of the parameters generated by the conversion of the signal mode, and then the signal will be input into the electronic gearshift controller, so that the electronic gearshift controller to control the gearshift valve, which will form an automatic gearshift mode, thus ensuring the safety of the vehicle driving. Electro-hydraulic automatic gearshift technology can realize mutual compatibility with construction machinery, is currently an important trend in the realization of electro-hydraulic integration of construction machinery, but also an important channel for innovation and intelligent conditions [1].
(2) intelligent monitoring of construction machinery, maintenance, testing technology trends. Intelligent monitoring of construction machinery is basically centered on electronic intelligence. The main application of this technology is online monitoring of the complexities encountered in on-site construction, the implementation of a series of automated monitoring of construction machinery, and the implementation of remote diagnosis and maintenance of fault phenomena in the operation of construction machinery. The main purpose of this intelligent engineering technology is to carry out digital, intelligent and managed maintenance for mechanical failure phenomena and on-site monitoring. Into the 20th century, microcomputers began to popularize the application in the country. Many foreign construction machinery enterprises began to try to apply the microcomputer, and in a number of fields and equipment to open the experimental link. After years of experimentation to achieve certain results, the construction machinery intelligent operation mode began to be recognized by the construction machinery industry, and gradually applied to various fields of construction machinery, and achieved very impressive results. In recent years, many foreign manufacturers have begun to install electronic monitoring equipment on the output and storage parts of the fault data source, so that the maintenance personnel can find the fault factors, the use of fault code output and input for fault analysis, so as to more accurately find out the fault factors and fault types. Compared with other countries, China's current application of intelligent monitoring in the field of construction machinery is still relatively weak, its fault diagnosis technology and monitoring technology is still in the primary stage of development, and its intelligent monitoring system has not been widely used in the country, to a certain extent, hindering the development of China's construction machinery and equipment and improve [2].
(3) Intelligent management based on the network cluster. The scope of application of engineering machinery is very wide, in the current different construction projects have very important applications. In terms of highway construction, the higher level of highway pavement in construction, often with the help of different categories of construction machinery and equipment. At the same time, a lot of mechanical equipment construction process has random characteristics, so that the project in the actual construction process, can not be formed for the construction project specialized machinery configuration, resulting in the construction unit for the project to invest a large number of equipment funds, the machinery and equipment has not been effectively applied, and become the current application of China's engineering machinery is often encountered problems. In the face of the need for high-performance, multi-type construction projects, the project in the construction equipment often need to invest more money. At the same time, the machine group in the construction coordination, its due to more machinery and equipment, coordination capacity is very limited, the construction quality of the construction project, progress has a direct impact. Therefore, in the construction project of the engineering machinery machine group configuration and optimization, the need for the group of machine group synergy for the benefit of play, so as to reduce construction costs. In recent years, after frequent problems in China's engineering construction, specialized researchers have begun to conduct a lot of research. Although many theoretical results have been achieved in engineering machinery, but so far there is no scientific means of perfection. Therefore, in the process of engineering construction, its theoretical achievements have not been effectively applied. At present, the network machine group as engineering intelligent management and integrated control is the current engineering project construction continue to improve the problem. This equipment component can effectively optimize the configuration mode of the machine group, but also intelligent management of the construction progress, the construction progress and quality of the construction project have a guarantee role [3].
2 intelligent development of construction machinery countermeasures
(1) comprehensive utilization of technology. In the face of the current trend of diversification of construction projects, its single mechanical equipment configuration has been unable to meet the current needs of the project construction. In order to make modern construction machinery to meet the needs of diversified construction projects, China's construction machinery needs to expand the scope of application, and digital technology, intelligent technology, network technology and other technologies to coordinate the settings, the comprehensive use of them, in order to change the traditional application mode and scope of construction machinery, so that the development of construction machinery to the direction of integrated. In the comprehensive utilization of intelligent technology of construction machinery, construction machinery needs to control system and integrated system technology for two-way control, so that the technology in the intelligent development of the formation of core technology and unit technology. Comprehensive utilization of various technologies can not only effectively improve the performance of construction machinery system, but also fully combined with China's national conditions, the construction machinery technology to achieve independent innovation and application, to promote the development of new leading products of construction machinery, so that China's construction machinery products in the realization of the development of intelligent. At the same time, it also helps to form a leapfrog development in a short period of time, improve the competitiveness of China's construction machinery, thus forming an industrialized form of operation mode, laying a good foundation for the future development of the construction machinery market.
(2) The development and application of fault diagnosis technology for construction machinery. Failure is a technical problem that occurs from time to time in the operation of construction machinery. The problem not only affects the normal operation of construction machinery and equipment, but also brings greater losses to construction machinery and equipment. In order to improve the stability of construction machinery and equipment, our country in the construction machinery and equipment in the key parts of the device related to the fault diagnosis sensor system, in order to use the sensor on the construction machinery in the past running state to collect. For example, the detection of engine equipment, oil temperature, oil pressure, etc., and the engine key system in the hydraulic system, fuel volume, braking system and other parameters for accurate detection. At the same time, combining different fault types of mechanical equipment, different levels of alarm devices are used so that construction machinery can be effectively monitored during operation. Once the fault phenomenon is found, an alarm is immediately issued to remind, prompting the engineering machinery failure can be the first time to take perfect measures, and record the failure factors, do a good job of preventive measures to reduce the failure rate of machinery and equipment.
(3) the application of artificial intelligence, network communications and other technology. The intelligent development of construction machinery is related to the support and innovation of science and technology. The intelligent maintenance system of construction machinery and remote monitoring technology will certainly need to be integrated into and supported by technology, thus promoting the effective development of intelligent technology for construction machinery. In the engineering machinery failure factors, the use of remote monitoring technology and sensors, can effectively find mechanical equipment failure factors. In this regard, the engineering machinery and equipment section will collect equipment failure factors, for mechanical failure factors, prevention methods for overall analysis, the most common failure phenomena and fault parts of mechanical equipment for fault diagnosis. At the same time, research is conducted according to the failure mechanism, mainly including the hydraulic system, equipment parts, radiators, brakes and other parts of the system. And then for the typical parts of the failure phenomenon to establish a perfect failure mode system and database system, for mechanical equipment failure factors to establish a perfect fault data system, prompting mechanical equipment in the future encountered the failure phenomenon, can effectively use intelligent technology for maintenance, and effectively avoid blind maintenance methods.
(4) Development of intelligent management system for construction machinery? Machine group control system. Before the formal construction of the project, the dispatcher needs to have a detailed understanding of the machinery and equipment system, and a detailed grasp of the vehicle control system of the construction vehicles. Combined with the current actual situation to optimize the configuration of the fleet, rational planning of mechanical equipment and vehicle configuration, and regular scientific scheduling, scientific arrangements for construction vehicles and mechanical equipment running track, operation mode. At the same time, we should carry out regular maintenance and repair work for the engineering machinery and equipment applied in the on-site construction project, strengthen the management of machinery and equipment, and accurately understand the failure factors of each piece of machinery and equipment in order to improve the maintenance capacity of engineering machinery. In addition, the intelligent management system of engineering machinery and equipment, but also to a certain extent on the construction site of the effective collection of construction data, the work of which the reasonable configuration and scheduling of the fleet of machines, in order to do a good job of coordinated control, so that the fleet of machines between the formation of a good network communication, so as to form an intelligent control and operation.
(5) Development of intelligent machine group control system. For the current intelligent construction fleet system, the fleet control intelligent system needs to cover the basic engineering machinery engineering, but also need to have a certain intelligent machine configuration, such as fleet remote fault diagnosis system, fleet remote fault maintenance system, on-board intelligent system and other devices. These intelligent devices can make the construction machine group to realize remote control, and at the same time realize intelligent control, enhance the acceptance strength and efficiency of each group of signals, but also make the group of machines in the face of remote control can automatically do a good job of the system work, automatic implementation of the maintenance work, and effectively enhance the efficiency of the group of machines.
3 Conclusion
In summary, compared with Western countries, China's construction machinery intelligent development starting point is late, and the scope of application is still very narrow, in many areas have not yet been effectively applied. In the face of the current scale of China's construction continues to expand, the development of construction machinery to the direction of intelligent development has become an inevitable road of development. This is not only required for construction, but also required for social progress. From China's current application trend of intelligent construction machinery, China's current application of the more widely used for the integration of stand-alone machines, intelligent management of the network machine group, intelligent monitoring of construction machinery, maintenance, testing and other technologies, which greatly improves the construction efficiency and quality of construction projects. Development countermeasures, China needs to realize the application of integrated technology, the development of construction machinery fault diagnosis technology, intelligent construction machinery application of artificial intelligence, network communications, etc., to increase the application of intelligent technology and the scope of application, to accelerate the speed of development of construction machinery.
References
[1]Hu Chunyi, Guo Kai. Exploration of the development trend of intelligentization of construction machinery[J]. Science and technology to rich guide, 2013, (11): 112-114.
[2]Liu Liben. Research on Intellectualization Trend and Development Countermeasures of Construction Machinery [J]. Information System Engineering, 2013,(4):136-137.
[3]Geng Ping, Zhu Peikun. Introduction to the development trend of mechanical engineering intelligence[J]. Science and Technology Innovation Herald, 2012,(2):52-53.