There are several general types of medical papers: reviews, case reports, case studies, clinical studies, research project theses, dissertations, and so on.
The writing of medical papers depends on your experience and seniority, which determines the depth and breadth of your understanding and knowledge of the issues, that is, the ability to briefly suggest the following:
1, students, generally can only be written review and other theoretical discussion of the type of paper;
2, the lower seniority, the synthesis, case case reports, retrospective case analysis, and so on.
3, senior senior can either type of paper.
As for how to write a medical dissertation, the following steps for reference:
In conjunction with their usual work and study, with the help of databases to find relevant references, a large number of references to the relevant literature, filtering their own favorite, familiar with the content, to find out the scientific and practical arguments, and begin to write. The following content for reference:
Basic format and writing method of medical dissertation
(A) title (title)
Title requirements:
1. Specific, concise language: generally no more than 20 words.
2. The title is appropriate, precise and distinct: the title reflects the content, the content explains the title.
3. Focused, clear theme: highlight the theme of the paper, highly summarized, at a glance. Not enough to summarize the content of the paper, you can add subtitle (dash, brackets, or add serial number).
(2) author's signature (author)
1. The significance of the author's signature
(1) clear responsibility for the paper: the responsibility of the paper
(2) to obtain due honor: in the annals of scientific and technological development
(3) the need for literature search: the author search
(4) a clear copyright: the right to personal and Property rights
2. Principles of authorship
Signed individual authors, limited to the selection of research topics and the development of research programs, direct participation in all or a major part of the research and make contributions, as well as participate in writing the paper and responsible for the content. (GB7713-87 "scientific and technological reports, dissertations and academic papers in the preparation of the format")
3. Requirements for authorship
(1) divided into collective and individual authorship.
(2) The first author should be the creator, designer, implementer of the thesis topic and the author of the thesis.
(3) When more than one person co-authors the paper, the primary comes first and the secondary comes second; when more than one unit co-authors the paper, it is marked with a footnote.
(4) The number of authors is not easy to be too many, usually not more than six.
(5) Guidance, collaboration, reviewers can be included in the acknowledgements.
(C) Abstract (abstract)
1. Abstract content and format
General format:
(1) purpose (objective): state the problem to be solved by the paper and its origins and origins.
(2) Methods (methods): state the duration of the study, the number of patients or subjects who participated in the completion of the study, and the main methods of the study.
(3) results (results): describes the main results of the study content, including data and statistical test results.
(4)Conclusions: describes the main conclusions, including direct clinical applications.
Other Formats
(1) Objective (OBJECTIVE, PURPOSE, AIM, BACKGROUND): the problem to be addressed by the paper and its origins, origins, and background of the study.
(2) design (design): the basic research design of the paper.
(3) location (setting): the place of study, unit, grade.
(4) Subjects (subjects, patients): the duration of the dissertation study, the number of patients or subjects who will participate in the completion of the study, and the main methods of the study.
(5) Treatment (intervention): clinical and other treatments of the thesis.
(6) Tests (measures): the main test items performed by the paper to assess the results.
(7) results: a description of the main results and data from the study.
(8) Conclusions: a description of the main conclusions, including direct clinical applications.
2. Writing Requirements for Abstracts
(1) Write consecutively without paragraphs, subheadings, or examples.
(2) The format is standardized.
(3) Short, complete, generally about 10% of the text of the whole text.
(4) Textual information, without the use of diagrams, tables, chemical structure formulas.
(5) A summary in English with essentially the same content.
(4) Key words
Key words are words or phrases that express the elemental characteristics of scientific and technological literature, and are words or phrases of practical significance.
Theme words are standardized key words, and key words are free language with flexibility and extensiveness. At this stage both keywords and subject terms are used as search language. Since keywords are natural language, synonyms, near-synonyms, and polysemous words are not standardized, resulting in retrieval errors, they are currently mostly selected from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).
1. Keyword format
3-8 words or phrases, written with one space between them, without punctuation. Commas can be added between foreign characters, except for the beginning of proper nouns, the rest are lowercase.
2. Selection of keywords
(1) can be selected from the title, the abstract and the full text of the content of the selection of the most commonly used from the title.
(2) It should be strictly screened to fully, accurately and comprehensively reflect the central content of the article.
(3) Consult the medical subject headings list for confirmation.
(5) Introduction
1. The basic content of the introduction
(1) Briefly describe the cause and purpose of the study of this work
(2) Historical background of the study of this work
(3) Current status of the study of the study of the study of this work at home and abroad and research developments
(4) Emphasize the importance, necessity and research significance of this work
(5) Appropriate description of the time, materials and methods of the study of this work
2. Introduction to the writing requirements
(1) concise, focused: generally 200-500 words, accounting for about 1/8-1/10 of the text.
(2) factual, objective evaluation: Can not deliberately belittle the predecessor, do not jump to conclusions.
(3) Less use of platitudes: the level of how, own **** theory.
(4) Do not be the same as the abstract and avoid repetition in the main text: do not deal with results or conclusions.
(5) generally do not write "introduction" type title.
(6) Materials and methods
1. Main contents of materials and methods
(1) Subjects:
①Animals: name, breed, number, source, age, sex, grouping criteria and methods.
② Microorganisms or cells: species, type, strain, line, culture conditions and laboratory conditions.
③Clinical cases: source, number, sex, age, etiology, course, pathologic diagnosis, typing criteria, and selection criteria.
(2) Experimental instrumentation: name of instrumentation, manufacturer, model, method of operation, point of improvement.
(3) Experimental materials: name of drugs and reagents, composition, specifications, purity, source, factory time, batch number, concentration, dosage, method of administration, route, and total amount of drugs used.
(4) Experimental methods and conditions:
①Clinical cases: observation methods, indicators, treatment methods, drug names, dosages, methods of use, course of treatment.
②Surgery and specimen: the name of the operation, operation style, anesthesia methods, specimen preparation process.
③Laboratory: experiments and recording means, observation steps, indicators, precautions, method improvement and basis.
(5) Statistical methods:
(VII) Results
Results are the value of the thesis, the crystallization of research results. The conclusion of the whole paper is drawn from it, the discussion is triggered from it, and the judgmental reasoning and recommendations are derived from it.
1. The content of the results
(1) data: no raw data, to be statistically processed.
(2) Graphs: used to show regularity and contrast.
(3)Photographs: to visualize and objectively express the research results.
(4) Text: to illustrate data, charts, and photographs.
2. Requirements for the writing of results
(1) Arrange the factual material obtained from the experiment, which can be divided into paragraphs and sections, and can be supplemented with subheadings.
(2) Interpret the objective results without extra author's evaluation, analysis and reasoning.
(3) Results should be truthful, and data or other results that do not fit the subjective assumptions should not be arbitrarily removed.
(4) Because charts and photographs take up a large amount of space, use as few or no charts or photographs as possible for issues that can be explained in text.
(8) Discussion
Discussion is an important main part of the thesis, it is the author's summarization, generalization and exploration of the information obtained in the research carried out, to put forward their own insights, and to evaluate its significance.
1.Content of Discussion
(1) Theoretical analysis and interpretation of various data or phenomena during experimental observation.
(2) Assessment of the correctness and reliability of one's own results, comparison of similarities and differences with the results of others, and explanation of their causes.
(3) The theoretical significance of the experimental results and their instructive and applied value to practice.
(4) Exploration of the mechanism of action or change rule.
(5) The research dynamics of similar topics at home and abroad and the relationship with this paper.
How to Write and Publish a Medical Paper writing and publishing is summarized in twenty steps for your reference.
Source of information: Innovative Medicine
(1) Can the paper be written in a simple sentence that describes the information, in fact, the initial topic.
(2) Is it worth writing? This is to avoid repetition and to learn from previous authors' reports, e.g., the design of the table.
(3) The importance of the paper. Whether the author can put forward some new arguments or practical experience for debate or reference in the paper.
(4) Depending on the journal to which it is submitted, it is advisable to limit the writing to the audience.
(5) Carefully browse through the contents of the journal to be submitted, and understand the nature of the journal and whether it is distributed abroad.
(6) Search the literature, usually starting from the last five years, if the information is insufficient, you can find another five years, until satisfied.
(7) Consider the list of authors involved in the writing of this thesis.
(8) Divide up the collection and organization of primary sources.
(9) Read the manuscript agreement carefully, this is an important step before you get down to writing, make sure you conform to its rules, so-called pitching.
(10) The basic structure of the paper, whether it is a thesis, a medical report or a review.
(11) An outline of the original draft.
(12) Write the original draft.
(13) Refine and revise the draft until you are satisfied.
(14) Write in a precise, concise and fluent style.
(15) It should be scientifically sound.
(16) Use appropriate charts and graphs.
(17) Rework the manuscript to meet publication requirements.
(18) Photocopies will be kept and the paper will be sent to the editorial office with a letter of introduction.
(19) Respond to the editorial board's letter about the problem, corrected and sent quickly.
(20) on the manuscript to be published in the sample carefully, seriously, word by word proofreading (the so-called school red) sent back to the editorial department, waiting for good news.