A brief discussion of radiation safety management in the nuclear medicine department of hospitals
The source of radiation in the nuclear medicine department of hospitals is one of the main sources of exposure to radioactive contamination sources, therefore, strengthening the understanding of radiation protection knowledge of the nuclear medicine department staff, and improving the staff's awareness of the importance of knowledge of radiation protection, can effectively reduce unnecessary exposure to radioactive substances. The following is my collection and organization of the shallow hospital nuclear medicine department radiation safety management paper, and share with you.
Abstract: Nuclear medicine is one of the important departments set up by hospitals and medical institutions, which can provide effective diagnosis and treatment basis for the majority of patients. In recent years, with the continuous development of medical technology, the pace of development of nuclear medicine is also accelerating, in the field of health care, isotopes are gradually and widely used in the nuclear medicine department of the hospital is widely used. However, at the same time, ionizing radiation will also be generated with the application of isotopes, therefore, effective protection and management of radiation safety in the nuclear medicine department of hospitals can effectively protect the health of nuclear medicine staff as well as patients. In this paper, I analyze the current deficiencies in radiation safety protection and management in a hospital nuclear medicine department, and discuss the corresponding management countermeasures, aiming to provide help for the clinical work of the hospital nuclear medicine department.
Keywords: nuclear medicine department; safety protection; radiation; management; countermeasures
In recent years, with the continuous development of medical technology, the development of nuclear medicine faster, in the field of health care, isotopes have been gradually and widely used, widely used in the work of the Department of Nuclear Medicine in the hospital [1]. Nuclear medicine department is one of the important departments set up in hospitals and medical institutions, which can provide effective diagnosis and treatment basis for the majority of patients [2]. However, ionizing radiation is also produced with the application of isotopes, at present, some hospitals in the nuclear medicine department still exists in the radiation safety protection and management deficiencies [3]. In this paper, the author of a hospital nuclear medicine section of the current radiation safety protection and management of deficiencies in the analysis, and the corresponding management countermeasures to explore, the hospital nuclear medicine section of radiation safety management, to protect the nuclear medicine staff and the health of patients, for the hospital nuclear medicine section of the clinical work to provide help, is now analyzed as follows.
1 a hospital nuclear medicine radiation detection
1.1 radiation detection instruments and detection methods
This time on a hospital nuclear medicine to carry out a full range of detection, in order to understand the hospital nuclear medicine radiation situation. Radiation detector selection model BH3103X-? The portable patrol meter, the nuclear medicine department of the workplace for ray measurement; selection of PCM-100 (? PCM-100 (? PCM-100(?) The Department of Nuclear Medicine for the detection of surface contamination; selection of FJ-377 pyroelectric dosimeter for personal measurement.
1.2 Analysis of the results of radiation detection in the Department of Nuclear Medicine of the hospital
The results of this test show that in the Department of Nuclear Medicine of the hospital, the radiation sources mainly include unsealed sources and sealed sources, unsealed sources are 99mTc sources, 131I sources, 125I sources, and sealed sources are 137Cs sources, 241Am sources, 90Sr sources. The results of this measurement are as follows:
(1) Air specific release kinetic energy rate: 0.08-0.13?Gy/h, 0.13-0.24?Gy/h, 0.09-0.23?Gy/h, 3.20-4.01?Gy/h, 0.11-? 0.20?Gy/h, 0.11-0.14?Gy /h, 0.10-0.13?Gy/h.
(2) Measurements of the activity concentrations of surface contamination in the nuclear medicine wards: the activity concentrations in the dispensing room, the radioactive source storage, the treatment room, the administration room, the operator's hands, and the immunization room were 0.17-0.25 Bq/cm2, 0.35-0.41 Bq /cm2, 0.13-0.21Bq/cm2, 0.14-0.25Bq /cm2, 0.22-0.24Bq/cm2, and 0.15-0.18cm2.
(3) Twelve staff members participated in this personal dose survey, and the results of the survey showed that the effective dose per person per year was 0.07-2.18mSv, using the 2000h/a of the longest working time calculation can be obtained, in the operation of 99mTc source of the staff, the maximum workload of 8.06mSv, higher than 5mSv annual personal dose constraints, therefore, in the not yet put into the fume hood . Before operation, the work pattern of multiple people working in shifts should be carried out and fume hoods should be purchased as soon as possible for safety protection.
(4) In this study, at the 100 cm dressing device storage source box surface position, the average value of the air specific release kinetic energy rate was measured to be 0.27?Gy/h, which is significantly lower compared with the national standard value, but the personal dose constraint value is significantly higher, therefore, the Department of Nuclear Medicine of the hospital should be put into use as soon as possible for the use of Plexiglas protective eyewear and protective screen, and not yet put into operation for use with the use of multiple people. The work mode of rotating operation is carried out.
2 hospital nuclear medicine radiation safety protection and management countermeasures
2.1 Reasonable layout of the hospital nuclear medicine
In the layout of the work area of the nuclear medicine department of the hospital, it should be strictly in accordance with the provisions of the GB18871 of the non-enclosed workplace partitioning, grading layout [4]. In radiation protection and management, the workplace should be divided into supervision area and control area, i.e., two-zone management. The supervisory area is the imaging room, labeling laboratory, radioactive waste, diagnostic bed area, and radionuclide storage area, and the control area is the drug delivery room, operation room, and the bed area where patients undergo radionuclide treatment. When zoning the control area and the supervision area, the distribution of the areas should be rationally laid out and arranged. For example, in the layout of the examination room and the drug delivery room, they should be separated, and the waiting room for diagnosis, drug delivery room, etc. should be reasonably laid out, and set up restrooms specifically for the use of the examinee. When the drug delivery operation in the examination room, must use radiation protection equipment for protection.
2.2 Strengthen the management of radionuclide waste disposal
In the management process of the Department of Nuclear Medicine in the hospital, strengthening the management of staff to deal with the presence of radioactive nuclide waste is an important measure to reduce radiation [5]. For the residual pollutants in the hospital nuclear medicine department work site wastewater, in the treatment process, the wastewater should be placed in the decay pool for storage decay treatment, so that the radionuclide concentration of wastewater is lower than the relevant standard value, and then in the discharge pipeline will be discharged wastewater; for the existence of the waste in the production process, before the discharge of the activated carbon should be used for the relevant filtration process to reduce the radionuclide activity of the waste gas before discharge Processing; for high-concentration wastewater and the use of the original liquid but still remaining, it should be centralized collection, and then unified treatment, the activity of the concentration is reduced to the qualified value, and then discharged.
2.3 Strengthen the nuclear medicine staff on radiation protection
The radiation source of the nuclear medicine department of the hospital in contact with radioactive contamination sources as one of the main sources, therefore, to strengthen the nuclear medicine staff on the knowledge of radiation protection to enhance the staff on radiation protection knowledge of the awareness of the importance of radiation protection can effectively reduce the unnecessary exposure to radioactive substances. Most of the staff do not have a comprehensive understanding of radiation protection knowledge, and therefore do not pay attention to the importance and necessity of protective measures, coupled with the existence of radiation in the invisible, resulting in staff did not develop good habits, a large number of existing without changing shoes will be randomly in and out of the marking room, not wearing protective gloves that is, the classification of radioactive sources, resulting in a higher incidence of radioactive contamination. Therefore, the hospital should strengthen the protection of nuclear medicine staff knowledge of the mission to improve the protection of awareness.
2.4 Improve the internal rules and regulations of the hospital as well as management measures
In the unit, the rules and regulations can ensure that the work can be carried out smoothly, therefore, the hospital should strengthen the management of radiation protection and safety of nuclear medicine, improve the relevant systems, and regular training for the staff of the Department of Nuclear Medicine. Requirements for nuclear medicine staff to familiarize themselves with the relevant national laws and regulations, regular training of in-service radiation staff, for the new staff, should be systematic pre-service training before joining the staff, to strengthen the staff's understanding of radiation protection safety and management. According to the departmental characteristics of nuclear medicine, a targeted and comprehensive emergency response plan is formulated for unexpected radiation incidents, and effective protective measures are developed. When a radiological event unavoidably occurs, the event can be handled and controlled in a timely manner according to the emergency plan to prevent further deterioration of the event.
3 Discussion
Nuclear medicine is an important department in the hospital and medical field, which has an important impact on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the majority of patients, and the level of radiation protection and management of the Department of Nuclear Medicine has a clear link with the efficiency and quality of the work of the department, so it is important to strengthen the rational layout of the Department of Nuclear Medicine of the hospital and strengthen the management. Therefore, strengthening the rational layout of the nuclear medicine department in hospitals, strengthening the management of radionuclide waste disposal, strengthening the nuclear medicine department staff to pay attention to radiation protection and actively improve the internal rules and regulations of the hospital as well as management measures, is to ensure the safety of the nuclear medicine department's working environment important measures.
References
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