What is the process of Mammography?

The incidence of breast cancer is increasing year by year, and it has gradually become the first malignant tumor in women's morbidity. Early, timely and accurate diagnosis of breast cancer is a priority. So what kind of examination is mammography and what kind of people is it suitable for? What is the difference between mammography and mammogram, and will it induce cancer after irradiation? In the clinic, patients often ask such questions. The following is a brief introduction to mammography. Mammogram examination process 1, background modern mammography began in the 1960s, Gros pioneered the molybdenum target soft tissue X-ray machine. As molybdenum target X-ray belongs to the soft ray, so it can better identify all kinds of soft tissues in the breast as well as abnormal density changes, so that early detection of breast cancer as well as identification of benign and malignant lesions of the breast has become possible. In recent years, with the introduction of molybdenum-rhodium double-target X-ray machine, special film and dark box, as well as the integration of fully automatic exposure and digital imaging lamp technology, the image of mammography has become clearer, and the operation is also simpler, creating ideal technical equipment conditions for the detection of breast cancer. Mammography examination process 2, mammography examination before the patient needs to overcome the problem as well as the method - worried about the results of the mammography X-ray examination, afraid of getting breast cancer (imagine if the examination is not the expected poor results, in advance to pay for the worry, anxiety is not very uneconomical?) --Feeling at a loss in front of the mammography machine (the machine, despite being cold, is sensitive and faithful, and will give us maximum help, counting on irony, so we need not fear it.) --Discomfort caused by the compression of the pressure plate during the filming (Since the use of X-rays for mammograms, there have been no reports of patients going into shock because of the pain. Those discomforts caused by squeezing are not even considered pain and go away quickly.) Mammogram procedure 3, breast cancer X-ray performance: I do not know whether the doctors need a patient who loves to move, or a patient who listens, or other. The doctor's need for a cerebral patient may be that he or she wants the patient to have a correct understanding of his or her condition, rather than generalizing. An obedient patient means that the patient needs to trust the doctor in carrying out his or her orders. In reality, few people in life can guarantee that they will remain calm when they are unwell, even the docs themselves. It seems that we still need to know some common sense in related fields. With this in mind, let's discuss some of the ways in which breast cancer may appear on mammograms. The direct signs of breast cancer on radiographs consist mainly of lumpy nodular shadows and microscopic calcifications. Malignant mass shadows are often irregular with burr edges and higher density than the surrounding glands. Microcalcified foci are of great clinical importance in the early diagnosis of breast cancer. However, not all microcalcified foci on mammograms are malignant. Calcified spots in breast cancer usually appear as mud-like, clustered or distributed along the ductal segments. If there are more than 15 tiny calcified spots per square meter, it is often necessary to consider breast cancer. Mammography examination process 3, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of mammography examination due to the dense breast or lesions and surrounding tissue density and other factors, mammography examination may have missed the diagnosis of the situation. Currently, there is no effective method to distinguish whether a breast cancer that occurs during the interval between mammograms is a missed diagnosis or a newly occurred case, but most scholars agree to define a missed diagnosis on mammography as a case in which the diagnosis on imaging is negative and a breast cancer occurs within 1 year thereafter. The specificity and positive predictive value of mammography have a direct impact on its value as a screening tool. In the literature, the probability of detecting an abnormality in mammography screening is reported to be 5-7%, with no difference between age groups. However, the positive predictive value increases with age, which is due to the lower incidence of breast cancer in younger women. Mammography Procedure 4, Radiation Dose Limitations, and Appropriate Age X-rays are harmful to the body and may induce breast cancer. However, it has been found that a radiation dose of less than 1 rad per year does not affect women over the age of 40. Because young women's mammary glands are in a period of sensitivity to radiation, and at this time the breast tissue is more dense and difficult to detect lesions, so it is generally believed that women under 35 years of age is not suitable for mammography.