Population and Ethnicity
Guilin has a total population of 4.76 million people, and is a multi-ethnic region, with 28 ethnic minorities such as Zhuang, Hui, Miao, Yao, Dong, etc. accounting for about 8.5 percent of the city's total population, and 680,000 people of ethnic minorities in ****.
Natural conditions
Topographical conditions: Guilin is located in the southwestern part of the Nanling Mountain System, with an average elevation of 150 meters, typical of karst landscapes. The karst peaks and forests landscape is an important tourism resource in Guilin.
Climatic conditions: Guilin is located at a low latitude and has a subtropical monsoon climate. With mild climate, abundant rainfall, long frost-free period, abundant light and four distinct seasons, the climate conditions are very favorable. The average annual temperature is 19.3°C.
Soil conditions: Guilin soil belongs to the red loam soil belt, dominated by red soil. The soil is deep and well cultivated, suitable for the development of rice, vegetables, dryland crops and forestry.
Animal and plant resources: Guilin has 1,593 animal species belonging to 60 orders and 295 families. There are more than 400 species of terrestrial vertebrates, including clouded leopard, yellow-bellied hornbill, pangolin, civet, etc. There are 144 species of aquatic organisms, such as baby fish and eel, etc. There are also many other species, including silver fir, red bean tree, and red cedar. There are more than 1,000 species of higher plants, including silver fir, red bean tree, bamboo cypress and ginkgo. Osmanthus is the city flower of Guilin.
Mineral water resources: Guilin is rich in mineral resources, mainly hematite, pyrite, limonite, lead, zinc, tin, tungsten, aluminum, niobium, manganese, talc, barite, fluorite, granite, limestone, marble and other more than 40 kinds. Seventeen of them are located in the forefront of the country. Guilin's territory is densely populated with rivers, including Li River, Xiangjiang River, Luoqing River, Xunjiang River, Zijiang River, and 65 tributaries with rainfall catchment area over 100 square kilometers, with an average total volume of 40.381 billion cubic meters of water, and a large river drop, which makes the city rich in water resources. There are a number of hydropower stations such as Quanzhou Tianhu Hydropower Station, which is the first high-head power station over 1,000 meters in Asia.
History of Guilin
About 10,000 years ago According to the relics found in Baoguiyan and Cailiyan caves in the city, the Cailiyan people have entered the stage of matriarchal clan society.
Summer, Shang and Zhou periods, this was the place where the "Baiyue" people lived.
The first emperor of Qin set up three counties, Guilin, Xiang and Nanhai, which is the earliest origin of the name "Guilin", but the county seat is not in today's Guilin.
In the sixth year of the Yuan Ding reign of the Han Dynasty (111 B.C., or the fourth year of the Yuan Ding reign, 113 B.C.), the county of Shi'an was set up here, and it was subordinate to Zuoling County of Jing Prefecture.
The Eastern Han Dynasty changed the name to Shi'an Houguo (始安侯国).
Three Kingdoms First belonged to Shu, then to Wu.
In the first year of Ganlu (265), Shi'an County was established, with the county seat in present-day Guilin.
In the Southern Dynasty, it was changed to Gui Prefecture.
Sui-Tang was part of the Gui Prefecture of Lingnan.
In the fourth year of the Tang Dynasty (621), Li Jing built the city to the south of Duxiu Peak.
In the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), it was renamed Lingui County and belonged to Shian County of Guizhou.
In the third year of Gwanghwa (900), it belonged to Jingjiang Jiedu.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Successively belonged to Gui Prefecture of Chu and Southern Han.
Song Formerly belonged to Gui Zhou of Guangnan West Road, then belonged to Jingjiang Prefecture.
Yuan It belonged to Jingjiang Road of Guangxi Xingzhongshu Province.
Ming and Qing dynasties belonged to Guilin Prefecture of Guangxi Province.
In 1911, it became the capital of Guangxi Province.
In 1914 (1912) the name was changed to Guilin County.
1940 Began to set up Guilin City.
November 1944-July 28, 1945 Occupied by the Japanese. After the restoration of the city, it became a city in Guangxi province. Historically, it was the capital of Guangxi province for a long time.
November 22, 1949 Guilin was liberated and became a city in Guangxi province.
1958 Renamed Guilin City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, with jurisdiction over Guilin city and suburbs.
July 1981, October 1983 Yangshuo and Lingui were transferred to the jurisdiction of Guilin.
December 26, 1996 Guilin Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government implemented a zoning adjustment according to the plan approved by the State Council and the Autonomous Region, changing the name of the suburb to Yanshan District.
September 8, 1998 Approved by the State Council, Guilin City and Guilin District merged to form the new Guilin City.
Guilin is a world-famous scenic city with unrivaled karst landscapes. Here, the mountains, uplifted from the ground, a thousand shapes; Lijiang River water, winding, bright and clean as a mirror; mountains have more holes, holes, hidden Jingqi, magnificent; hole in the strange stone, ghostly craftsmanship, a wide range of, and so formed the "mountain green, water show, hole strange, stone beauty" Guilin "four greats! "and since ancient times, there are" landscape A world "praise.
Guilin is an ancient city of culture. More than two thousand years of history, so it has a rich cultural heritage. After the Qin Shi Huang unified the country of thought, he set up Guilin County and excavated the Lingqu River, which communicated with the Xiang and Li Rivers. Since then, Guilin has become an important town connecting the sea in the south and the Central Plains in the north. After the Song Dynasty, it has been the center of Guangxi's politics, economy and culture, and was called "the capital of Southwest China" until the establishment of New China. In the long years, Guilin's marvelous mountains and beautiful water attracted countless literati, making them write many popular poems and articles, carved more than 2,000 pieces of stone carvings and wall books, in addition, history has left many monuments and sites here. These unique humanistic landscapes have made Guilin praised as "visiting mountains is like reading history, and seeing mountains is like watching paintings". During the Anti-Japanese War, Guilin became a famous cultural city in China, where many patriotic writers and artists gathered to write a new chapter of anti-Japanese culture. The long history has bred a rich culture for this ancient and beautiful land.
For thousands of years, Guilin has been a treasure place for people to travel and sightsee. Now, a scenic area centered on Guilin City and encompassing 12 surrounding counties has been formed. There are vast and verdant virgin forests, majestic and precipitous peaks and valleys, torrential streams and waterfalls, and the world's most wondrous alpine terraces ...... More than ten ethnic minorities, including Zhuang, Yao, Miao, Dong, Mulao and Maonan, live in this marvelous land. The natural scenery, ethnic customs, history and culture of Da Guilin y attract Chinese and foreign tourists as well as heads of state to come and go.
Geographic location
Guilin is a world-famous scenic city and a city of history and culture. It is located at the southern end of the Xiang-Gui Corridor, with longitude 109°36′ to 111°29′ east and latitude 24°15′ to 26°23′ north, with an average elevation of 150 meters, bordering Hunan Province in the north and northeast, Liuzhou in the west and southwest, Wuzhou City and Hezhou City in the south and southeast, and adjoining Guangdong Province. The total area of 27,800 square kilometers, of which the urban area of 565 square kilometers. Municipal jurisdiction over Xiufeng, Xiangshan, Qixing, Fancai, Yanshan five urban areas and Lingchuan, Xing'an, Quanzhou, Lingui, Yangshuo, Pingle, Lipu, Longsheng, Yongfu, Gongcheng, Resources, Guanyang twelve counties, the total area of the administrative region of 27,809 square kilometers.
History
Guilin has a long history. A variety of human relics dating back to about 10,000 years ago have been found in Baodi Mountain and Caipi Yan Cave in the city. In 214 B.C., Emperor Qin Shi Huang excavated the Spiritual Canal to communicate with the Xiangli water system, and set up three counties of Guilin, Xiangxian, and Nanhai, which is the earliest origin of the name "Guilin", but the rule of the counties is not in today's Guilin City. For more than two thousand years, Guilin has been the seat of counties, states, prefectures and counties, and in 1940, Guilin City was set up, which was the capital of Guangxi Province for a long time. After the liberation, Guilin was a provincial municipality. on September 8, 1998, approved by the State Council, Guilin City and Guilin District were merged to form the new Guilin City.
Historical Figures
Guilin's landscape is one of the best in the world, with strange mountains and waters that naturally harbor talented people and hidden dragons and crouching tigers. In ancient times, there are Zhao Guanwen, Cao Ye, Jiang Coronation, Lv Tiao Yang, Shi Tao, Chen Hongmou, Chen Jichang, Wang Pengyun, Fong Zhouyi, Tang Jingsong, recently there are Ma Junwu, Li Renren, Bai Pengfei, Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi, Zhou Zu shang, Liang Shuming, Huang Xianfan, Li Tianyou (in the order of the year of birth), and so on a large number of celebrities who were born or have lived and worked in Guilin for a long time, and have become the pride of the "famous city of culture". Guilin has become the pride of the "famous cultural city".
City Construction
City Characteristics: Guilin has a lot of beautiful mountains and beautiful cultural relics and monuments. The development of karst landforms is typical, with thousands of caves and stone peaks within the jurisdiction. The Li River flows and winds along the mountains and is the essence of Guilin's landscape. Successive generations have left a splendid cultural heritage in Guilin, such as Xing'an Spiritual Canal, Gongcheng Temple of Literature, Tomb of King Jingjiang, Guihai Monumental Forest, Guilin Office of the Eighth Route Army and so on. There are 552 cultural relics and monuments in the city, and 121 of them are listed as cultural relics protection units at all levels. All these cultural relics and monuments have high literary, historical, artistic and appreciation values.
Municipal construction: the city's infrastructure is gradually supporting the increasingly perfect function. There are 4 secondary biochemical sewage treatment plants, with a leading capacity in the country. There are 3 water supply plants, with an annual water supply of 88.54 million cubic meters. Liquefied petroleum gas storage capacity of 6,000 tons, 54,666 users. There are 285 public ****cars, operating 23 routes. 400 kilometers of urban roads. Per capita green space area of 6.13 square meters, green coverage rate of 35, 75%, the rate of harmless waste disposal 79, 51%.
Planning management: pay attention to the relationship between landscape environmental protection and economic development, "re two laurels, promote economic development, protect the ecological environment, cross-century decision-making" as the guiding principle, to "protect the famous city of landscape, construction of the garden city, the development of eco-city" as the development goal, the planning layout is reasonable, the development of ecological city. As the development goal, the planning layout is reasonable and novel, forming a basic spatial layout pattern of urban development with Guilin characteristics.
Economy and Finance
Industry: Guilin is a new industrial city with a good foundation. It has gradually formed a modern industrial system with pharmaceuticals, foodstuffs, automobiles and electronics as its pillars and a more reasonable product and industrial structure.
Finance and insurance: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Bank of Communications, Postal Savings have branches in the local area, and the local bank is Guilin Commercial Bank, People's Insurance of China, China Life, Pacific Insurance, Ping An Insurance, New China Life, etc. have branches in the local area.
Transportation and communication
Highway: The highway is directly connected to all parts of Guangxi and the neighboring provinces, and the national highway 322 and 323 pass through the country, of which the 322 has been transformed into a high-grade highway in the city. It has a number of highway networks such as Guiliu Highway, Guihuang First Class Highway, Guiyang Second Class Highway, etc., and realizes 100% of townships are open to traffic.
Railway: The railroad connects Beijing-Guangzhou line in the north, Qian-Gui and Zhi-Liu arteries in the south, and Xiang-Gui Railway runs through the Xiang-Gui corridor, and the train can reach the major cities in China directly. Guilin Railway Station, commonly known as the South Railway Station, is currently the most important passenger railway station in Guilin. The station was renovated in 2005, and its reception and throughput capacity has been greatly strengthened; Guilin Railway Station, commonly known as the North Railway Station, currently has routes starting from Guilin to Beijing and Shenzhen (which is being prepared to be extended to Kowloon, Hong Kong) and other directions.
Air: Guilin Liangjiang International Airport covers an area of 4.06 square kilometers, with a building area of 170,000 square meters and a concrete pavement area of 650,000 square meters. The flight area is classified as 4D (upgraded to 4E in 2005), with a runway length of 2,800 meters. It is designed for an annual flight capacity of 42,000 and an annual passenger throughput of 5 million. At present, it has 44 international and domestic routes, 21 airlines fly to Guilin Airport, with access to 29 domestic cities, Hong Kong, Macau and Fukuoka, Japan and Jeju, Korea.
Water Transportation: Waterways include Xiangjiang and Li River, along which is connected to the Pearl River via Wuzhou, and can directly reach Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macau.
Postal and electric power: local telecommunication and electric power network are all built, program-controlled telephone coverage of the city and counties, all opened the cell phone, wireless paging, computer Internet business. The local postal service has formed a diversified postal business system with postal business as the main body, financial and philatelic business as the support, and information as the supplementary postal business system. The city's 22 postal savings outlets are networked with more than 50 city computer centers in 31 provinces and cities across the country, and more than 5,000 business windows under the jurisdiction of the city are open for deposits and withdrawals. With 130 countries in the world, more than 200 cities in the country to start the express mail business.
Culture, education, health, sports
Cultural undertakings: 15 performing arts groups, 10 cultural centers, 119 cultural stations, public **** 13 libraries, the city library collection of information has been online to enter the information superhighway, the city art gallery is the whole autonomous region cultural facilities boutique project. Radio airwaves coverage of 95%, TV coverage of 20%.
Science and technology: there are 14 independent research institutes, state-owned units of 86,000 scientific and technological personnel, more than 30 government departments above the county scientific research and development institutions in the application of optoelectronic technology, new materials, biotechnology, fine chemicals and other fields at the domestic advanced level. There is a state-level high-tech industrial development zone, more than 400 Chinese and foreign enterprises invested in the zone.
Education: There are 2,105 primary and secondary schools with 859,500 students; 62 secondary specialized technical schools with 38,300 students; and 13 colleges and universities with 26,400 students; in 1997, the enrollment rate of school-age children in the city reached 99.3%.
Medical and health care: there are 849 medical and health care institutions of various kinds, with 12,200 hospital beds and 12,830,000 health care technicians. There are 16 health epidemic prevention and control institutions with 619 health technicians. There are a number of advanced equipments such as whole-body CT and ultrasonic instrument.
Sports: Guilin has a high level of sports. Skill, gymnastics, weightlifting, diving and other programs have long been famous, over the years for the country and the autonomous region to send 600 outstanding athletes, including Wang Weijian, Yan Weixia, Mo Huilan, Tang Lingsheng, Xiao Jiangang and other world-famous athletes. 1994 was named by the autonomous region of the Gymnastics City. The city has 1,000 sports venues and more than 10 amateur gymnasiums, which can hold a variety of international and domestic competitions. In various sports competitions, Guilin athletes have won 5 world championships, 54 international (Asian) championships and 168 national championships. The national fitness movement has developed healthily and made remarkable achievements.
Guilin snacks
Guilin is located in the south of Lingnan, since ancient times, government officials and merchants gathered, eating habits of the north and south, Guangdong, Sichuan, Hunan, Zhejiang, Gan, Fujian are inherited. In recent centuries, Guangdong, Sichuan dietary influence, while incorporating local habits, but also due to the development of tourism, and gradually formed a certain local characteristics of the flavor of snacks.
Guilin Rice Vermicelli
Guilin Rice Vermicelli is famous for its unique flavor. Its workmanship is exquisite, first of all, the good rice grinding into pulp, bag filtering dry, into the powder into a ball after cooking press into a round root or slice that is made. Garden called rice flour, sliced called cut powder, commonly known as rice flour, which is characterized by white, tender, soft and smooth, crisp. Its eating methods are diverse. The most concerned about the production of brine, the process varies from family to family, roughly pig, cow bone, Luo Han Guo and various spices boiled and become, rich flavor. The flavor of the rice vermicelli varies according to the ingredients and practices of the marinade. Roughly, there are lettuce noodles, beef brisket noodles, three fresh noodles, original soup noodles, brine noodles, hot and sour noodles, horse meat rice noodles and so on.
Bubbling hot rice noodles: the hot rice noodles are strained and dried, and then matched with slices of pot-roasted pork and beef, marinated beef bladder, beef liver, etc., with marinade, peanut oil, crispy soybeans or chili peppers, garlic, and stirred to taste. This kind of rice noodle tastes whisking, sound, color and taste.
Original Soup Rice Noodle: Cut the seasoned pork and beef, put it into a small iron pot and cook it, pour it into the bowl with rice noodle, add chopped green onion, monosodium glutamate (MSG), pepper and sesame oil. This kind of rice noodle tastes very fresh.
Vinegar Rice Vermicelli: This is a kind of meatless veggie vermicelli, which is only mixed with sour vinegar, sour beans and sour chili peppers, which is economical and refreshing, and is especially loved by women, and is most popular in summer.
Guilin rice noodles have many kinds, the most famous is horse meat rice noodles. It uses special braised horse meat as ingredients, horse meat tender flavor, aphrodisiacs and kidney. In the past, horse meat rice noodles were served in small dishes, with only one chopstick, a few thin slices of horse meat on top, and a few fried peanuts, mixed with Guilin spicy sauce, with a very good flavor. One person can eat 20 or 30 plates of noodles with one bite of one plate. Now it has been changed to a big bowl, the flavor remains the same.
Horse meat rice noodles to the city's old store will be the most famous Xian Lou, it is said to have opened in the Qing Dynasty during the Daoguang period, the original equipment is not enough, the store is not big, but the business is very prosperous, the owner of the store to limit the amount of sales per day, so that later diners, had to wait for tomorrow morning. Now it is different, customers day and night. In addition, Guilin's streets and alleys are rice noodles, rice noodle stalls, visitors to the beautiful landscape, and then eat a bowl of Guilin rice noodles, enjoy the blessings of the eyes and mouth, is really a great pleasure. Guilin rice noodle store to the oldest and benefit Xuan powder store, Shi Ji rice noodles, taste the most famous museum.
Specialty Snacks
The most famous food in Guilin is Guilin rice noodles. In addition, the folk handmade horseshoe cake, chestnut dumplings and so on are also quite popular. Twelve counties also have famous food such as Gongcheng's oil tea, buckled meat made from Lipu's famous Lipu taro, Yangshuo's beer fish and Lingchuan dog meat.
The Three Treasures of Guilin The Three Treasures of Guilin refer to the three products that Guilin is famous for at home and abroad, namely, chili sauce, bean curd milk and three-flower wine.
Nowadays, there is also the term "Guilin Four Treasures", which means adding watermelon cream on top of "Guilin Three Treasures".
Article:
"The Landscape of Guilin"
People say, "The landscape of Guilin is the best in the world. "We swung on the Li River in a wooden boat to see the landscape of Guilin.
I have seen the magnificent sea, enjoy the level of the West Lake like a mirror, but I have never seen the Li River such water. Li River water is really quiet ah, so quiet that you do not feel it in the flow; Li River water is really clear ah, so clear that you can see the bottom of the river sand and gravel; Li River water is really green ah, green as if it is a flawless emerald. The microwaves stirred up by the oars spread a water ripple, only to let you feel that the boat is moving forward, the shore is moving back.
I have climbed the majestic peaks of Mount Tai, visited the red leaves like fire of the Fragrant Hills, but never saw the mountains in this area of Guilin. Guilin's mountains really strange ah, a rise, not connected, like the old man, like a giant elephant, like a camel, the peaks are listed, the form of thousands; Guilin's mountains really beautiful ah, like a green barrier, like new bamboo shoots, bright colors, reflecting the water; Guilin's mountains really dangerous ah, the peaks of the dangerous, jagged, as if one is not careful will be planted to down.
Such a mountain around such a water, such a water reflected in such a mountain, coupled with the air misty clouds, green trees and red flowers in the mountains, the river bamboo raft boat, so you feel like walking into a continuous scroll, really "boat on the blue waves in the painting.