Wave Optics in Medicine: Optical Imaging, Ophthalmic Diagnosis and Treatment, Optical Imaging Technology
First, wave optics
1, wave optics (waveoptics) is a fluctuation theory of the study of the propagation of light and the interaction of light and matter. In the 17th century, R. Hooker and C. Huygens founded the fluctuation of light. Huygens used the concept of wave front to correctly explain the law of reflection of light, the law of refraction and the phenomenon of birefringence in crystals.
2, fluctuation optics both theory and application, have an important position in physics. The molecules that make up macroscopic materials form oscillating dipoles that emit secondary waves of the same frequency ("new light") under the action of a light field or other alternating electric field. Such models are used to account for the absorption, dispersion, and scattering of light by materials, as well as for such phenomena as magneto-optic and electro-optic light, and even the emission of light as part of general fluctuation optics.
II. Applications in medicine
1. Optical imaging. In medicine, optical imaging is a non-invasive diagnostic technique. For example, X-ray examinations often require the use of radioactive material, which carries a certain risk of harm to the body. Optical imaging, on the other hand, does not require the use of any radioactive material and is able to provide high-resolution images.
2, ophthalmology diagnosis and treatment. Ophthalmology was one of the first fields in medicine to apply optics. Visual disorders such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism are all related to defects in the optical system of the eye. By measuring the optical parameters of the eye, these visual disorders can be diagnosed and effectively corrected and treated.
3. Optical imaging technology. Optical imaging technology is widely used in histology, pathology and biochemistry research. Due to the development of imaging technology, medical optical imaging equipment in the direction of high resolution and miniaturization has gained great progress, laying the foundation for in vivo minimally invasive surgery and precision surgery. Currently the most commonly used medical imaging devices are endoscopes, holograms and micro-imaging systems.
Three, the field of life sciences
1, optical microscope. In the field of life sciences, optical microscope is a widely used tool. Transmission electron microscopes can provide very high resolution images, but are only able to observe static samples. Fluorescence microscopy and ****-focusing microscopy, on the other hand, can observe living cells and tissues and can track the dynamic behavior of biomolecules. These techniques have become indispensable in the study of biological sciences and medicine.
2. Disease treatment. Optics are also used to treat many diseases. Laser therapy is a common method that can be used to treat cancer, myopia, glaucoma and a host of other diseases. The use of different wavelengths of laser light can achieve different therapeutic effects. For example, infrared laser light passes through the skin and is absorbed into the bloodstream, thereby increasing cellular metabolism and promoting tissue healing.