1. (12 points, 3 points for each question)
1. The following words are punctuated and the pronunciation is completely correct.
A. lame (bié) serve (cì) give in (shàn) thank you (tāo)
B. look at (zhān) seize (jué) copy (téng) feel ashamed (huì)
< p>C. Attachment (zhuó) Supply (gōng) Palm (luǐ) Appeasement (suí)D. Tongyun (tóng) Qiujin (jìng) Notes (zhā) Jinghunfuding (fǔ)
p>2. The group of words without typos in the following words is
A. The anxiety of Chang Zhi’s long-lasting peace is turned upside down, unable to help oneself straight
B. Anxiety to seek justice. Thousands of rituals and apologies have the same tone, and thousands of people have the same face
C. Cough, study hard, practice hard, and escape to the east with the money, and collect it in the mulberry tree
D. There are few and aggressive, playful, smiling faces, gold and jade on the outside, but crumbs inside.
3. Fill in the words in the horizontal lines of each of the following sentences in order. The appropriate one is
①International oil prices have broken new highs in recent days. Due to the influence of multiple factors such as variations in price attributes, the trend of international oil prices is still difficult to predict. _____.
②The TV series "Bright Sword" with the theme of the Anti-Japanese War was not ____ publicized before it was broadcast, but after it was broadcast, it became a hot topic in people's street talks.
③A qualified National People’s Congress representative should _____ think about major principle issues, and ____ dare to put forward and adhere to decision-making opinions that are in the interests of the people when these issues are involved.
A. Be unpredictable and wantonly not only/also B. Think about big things both/more
C. ponder, wantonly, not only/also D. elusive, big things, both/more
4. Among the following sentences, the one without grammatical errors is
A. Everyone who came here to gather, young or old, was deeply infected by his clear thinking, cheerful personality, optimism and firm confidence.
B. Michel, chairman of the World Association of Hydrological Experts, once disclosed that at least 50,000 people around the world die every day from various diseases caused by water pollution.
C． Cai Yuanpei recruited talents from all walks of life and gathered in the capital's universities. Peking University was not only a place for the growth of new culture, but also a place for fierce confrontation between old and new cultures.
D. The International Olympic Committee has proposed "a strict ban on the use of stimulant-like drugs and a resolute crackdown on concealment of actual age" and requires national Olympic committees to take the lead in implementation and strictly abide by it.
2. Read the following scientific text and complete 5-7 (9 points)
Is nuclear power safe?
A nuclear power plant will be built in Hengyang, and the site selection work is in progress. People cannot help but worry: Is nuclear power safe?
Generally speaking, people’s concerns about the safety of developing nuclear power are related to the potential dangers of radioactivity in nuclear power, and also to the fact that in the history of nuclear power development in the past 50 years, the Three Mile Island and Three Mile Island disasters in the United States have occurred. Related to two serious nuclear accidents at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the Soviet Union. It is understandable that people have safety concerns about the development of nuclear power. But judging from the practice of nuclear power plants operating around the world for nearly 50 years, it should be said that nuclear power is very safe.
Data show that since the first nuclear power plant in the United States was put into operation in 1957, each nuclear power plant has been operating for more than 10,000 reactor years. Even if there were two serious accidents during this period, only one of them had a fatal accident. Radioactive materials escape, causing environmental pollution and casualties.
Experts say that this kind of high-safety operation record is unique in the history of energy development, including conventional power plants, coal mines, oil wells, dams, etc. The reason for such a safety record is that nuclear power plants adopt the principle of defense in depth in their design, with multiple barriers and multiple protections to ensure that the power plants can operate safely, reliably and normally.
In the event of an accident, radioactive materials can be confined within the reactor building as much as possible to prevent them from spreading to the outside world. Even if a leak occurs, an emergency plan can be activated to minimize the damage. Second, laws and regulations have strict safety regulations for nuclear power plants at all stages from site selection, design, construction, operation to decommissioning, and there is a safety supervision and quality assurance system to ensure that various safety regulations and systems are implemented.
Experts also pointed out that even the two serious nuclear accidents that had occurred were not as outrageous as the rumors in terms of harm to the environment and the public. The No. 2 reactor accident at the Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant in the United States in 1979 was due to equipment failure and misoperation by personnel, which caused two-thirds of the reactor core to melt or be seriously damaged. 50% of the gaseous fission products were released from the fuel and entered the reactor. containment. Among them, most of the volatile fission product iodine is dissolved in the water in the containment, while the inert gases nitrogen and xenon remain in the air of the containment. None of them leaked to the external environment and did not cause any radiation harm to the public.
The No. 4 graphite boiling water reactor accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the Soviet Union in 1986 was caused by the design flaws of the reactor itself and the illegal operations of the operators. The accident caused the reactor core to melt, and the melted material and fuel particles reacted violently with the coolant, causing steam explosions, graphite burning, damage to the main loop system and the reactor building, and a large amount of radioactive material entering the atmosphere, causing the entire northern hemisphere to be affected by airborne radioactivity. Different levels of material pollution have also caused shock and panic around the world. The accident was indeed serious, but it was by no means as terrible as some media rumors had spread.
It should be pointed out that the old graphite boiling water reactor used in the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was only built and operated in the Soviet Union. After the accident, the authorities have targeted the physical and control aspects of this reactor type. The design flaws were corrected and improved to make it impossible for similar accidents to happen again. Since then, such reactors have been gradually shut down and no longer built. As for nuclear power plants in other countries, since they are not graphite boiling water reactors, accidents like Chernobyl will not and cannot happen again.
Facts have also proved that since the two nuclear accidents at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl, various nuclear power countries have accepted the lessons of these two accidents, strengthened safety management, and coupled with the improvement of nuclear power technology With improvements and maturity, the safe operation time of nuclear power plants around the world has exceeded 6,000 reactor years. In other words, after two accidents, the operation of nuclear power plants has become safer and more reliable.
However, experts point out that saying that nuclear power plants are safer and more reliable now does not mean that accidents will never happen again in the future. Because nothing is absolute, absolute security actually does not exist.
5. One of the following reasons that does not belong to "nuclear power safety" is
A. Since the first nuclear power plant was put into operation in 1957, it has operated for more than 10,000 reactor years and has only experienced two serious accidents.
B. In the design of nuclear power plants, attention is paid to the defense in depth of safety facilities, with multiple barriers and multiple protections in place to ensure the safe operation of the power plant.
C． Each nuclear power country has formulated strict safety regulations to supervise and manage the siting, design, construction, and operation of nuclear power plants at all stages.
D. When a nuclear accident occurs, the safety facilities of the nuclear power plant can limit radioactive materials to the reactor building to the greatest extent without spreading to the outside world.
6. Which of the following expressions does not conform to the meaning of the original text is
A. In the history of nuclear power development and application, there have been two accidents so far. In one of them, a large amount of radioactive material escaped, causing environmental pollution and casualties.
B. In the Three Mile Island nuclear accident, the volatile fission product iodine and the inert gases nitrogen and xenon were all stored in the containment vessel. There was no leakage and no radiation harm was caused to the public.
C． The graphite boiling water reactor nuclear accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the Soviet Union was fundamentally a man-made accident caused by the design flaws of the reactor itself and the illegal operations of the operators.
D. Worldwide, graphite boiling water reactor nuclear power plants are only found in the former Soviet Union. Therefore, in the development and utilization of nuclear power, countries will not and cannot have any serious nuclear leakage accidents.
7. According to the information in the original text, one of the following inferences is incorrect
A. Based on the safety and reliability of nuclear power development and utilization, nuclear power has attracted more and more attention from countries around the world and will eventually replace other energy sources.
B. When a nuclear accident occurs in a nuclear power plant, only when radioactive materials leak into the external environment can nuclear radiation harm be caused to the public.
C． Now all nuclear power countries have strengthened the safety management of nuclear power development to varying degrees, and nuclear power development technology is becoming increasingly mature.
D. Potential radioactive dangers will always exist in the development and utilization of nuclear power, so people's concerns about nuclear power safety issues will also exist for a long time.
3. (12 points, 3 points for each question)
Read the following classical Chinese text and complete questions 8-11.
An Tong, the fourth grandson of Mu Huali. Shizu traced the heroes and called him into the Changsu Guard. He was thirteen years old and ranked among the top officials. Her mother, Hongjila, is the sister of Queen Zhaorui. Shizu saw him one day and asked about An Tong. He said to him: "Although An Tong is young, he is a male assistant." Shizu said: "How do you know this?" He said to him: "Every time I retreat from the court, I always talk to the old man, and I never have an affair. You are young, so you know it." Shi Zuyue. For four years, he has been in charge of Ali Bu Ge's party for more than a thousand people. He will put him in charge of the method. In a great calamity, how can you be so considerate if you suddenly kill someone out of selfish regret?" The emperor was shocked and said: "You are young, how can you get the old idiom? This is exactly what I meant." This is very serious. In the autumn and August of the second year of the Yuan Dynasty, he paid homage to Dr. Guanglu and Prime Minister Zhongshu You. The speech said: "Although the three parties are now settled, the south of the Yangtze River is not attached. Because of my young age, I have mistakenly assumed the heavy responsibility, and I am afraid that the four parties will underestimate the imperial court." The emperor was moved, and he said for a while: "I am very familiar with my thinking, and I can't surpass you." Dong Dong. In the tenth month, Xu Heng was summoned, and an order was sent to Heng to go to the province to discuss matters. Heng made a quick speech, and An Tong waited for him in person, and talked to him for a long time. In the eighth year, the Shaanxi Provincial Minister suggested that because of famine, thieves were rampant, and if one or two people were not killed, there would be no punishment. The imperial edict discussed it in detail, and An Tong wrote in a memorial: "It may not be appropriate for both those who commit rape and theft to die. If the crime reaches death, it is appropriate to still await retribution." According to this. In the twelfth year, the imperial edict was issued to the Privy Council of the Province of Zhongshu. From the time when Prince Beiping came out of Zhenjibian, he stayed there for ten years. In the twenty-first year, when he returned from the king, he was waiting under the guilty palace. The emperor immediately summoned him to express his condolences. He bowed his head and thanked him and said: "I have served as an envoy without any status, and I have accumulated holy virtues." Then he stayed in the sleeping hall and came out after speaking to the four drums. In the twenty-third year, Zhongshu drafted the names of the officials in the Caosi Division. The emperor said: "I should choose Pingzhang, Youcheng, etc. personally, and the rest are ministers." An Tong wrote: "Bi heard the holy will and wanted to rely on the close servants. As the eyes and ears of an envoy, if he does something illegal, he will be punished accordingly. The severity of the crime will be determined by Your Majesty. The official said that the method of selection should be customized, especially if there are no cases. I am afraid that there are shortcomings in the party. Fortunately, your majesty will examine it carefully. "The emperor said: "This is what you said. . If you don't do this in the future, you will be told if you play it in vain." Thirty years later, he died of illness in Le'an, the capital. (Selected from "History of the Yuan Dynasty", the thirteenth biography, with some deletions)
8. Regarding the explanation of the dotted words in the following sentences, the incorrect one is
A. An Although the child is young, he is also a auxiliary instrument: talent
B. The relationship is not even a year old, so he knows that the relationship is close
C. The emperor immediately summoned him to express his condolences, and nodded and said thank you. ：Thank you
D. For those who think that their party has short-term ministers, fortunately Your Majesty will examine the shortcomings carefully: slander
9. In the following sets of sentences, add the word that has the same meaning and usage. The group is
A. ① I am young and mistakenly assume a heavy responsibility ② Otherwise, why would I be here?
B. ① I am very familiar with my thinking and cannot surpass you ② An earthworm has no claws Li, the strength of the muscles and bones
C. ① Now the ministers are waiting for opportunities to quote non-classes ② If nine guests are placed in the court, the ministers dare to present the jade
D. ① Those who play in vain will enter If you say ② and it comes out, you may be blamed for it.
10. Among the following sets of sentences, the one that all shows An Tong’s political talent is
① Every retreat The court will talk to the elderly in adult language, and they are not even a year old, so they know it.
② Everyone is his own master. Your Majesty has just decided a catastrophic situation and suddenly kills people out of selfish regret. How can you keep him in your arms?
③ Because of his youth, he mistakenly assumes a heavy responsibility and is afraid of all directions. If you have the heart of underestimating the imperial court
④ It may not be appropriate for both the strongman and the thief to die. If the crime reaches death, it is better to still wait for retribution
⑤ So he stayed in the sleeping hall and left after speaking to the four drums< /p>
⑥ I said that the method of selection has its own customization, especially if there are no examples, I often abandon the rules
A.①③⑤ B.②④⑥ C.②③⑥ D. ①④⑤
p>
11. In the following analysis and summary of the relevant content of the original text, one of the incorrect ones is
A. An Tong has been an official since he was a child and has a high status. He liked to talk to mature and prudent people, and some of his insights surprised the emperor, so he was highly valued by the emperor.
B. An Tong worshiped Doctor Guanglu and Prime Minister Zhongshu You. But he declined, saying that Jiangnan was not settled yet, and he had taken on important responsibilities at a young age, fearing that the world would despise the imperial court. He made appropriate suggestions on Xu Heng's appointment and handling of Shaanxi ministers.
C. An Tong once stayed in the frontier for ten years. After returning, he thought that he had done nothing in the frontier and wrote a letter asking the emperor to punish him. The emperor kept him talking in the palace until late at night.
D. When it comes to selecting officials, An Tong suggested that the emperor should prevent ministers from not following the system and introducing bad people at will. The emperor agreed with his opinion and asked him to report anyone who casually framed the emperor.
IV. (***19 points)
12. Translate the underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese. (8 points)
(1) An Tong was waiting for him in person and talked to him for a long time. After returning, he missed him all day long (4 points)
(2) For example, due to famine, thieves are rampant. If you don't kill one or two, there is no punishment (4 points)
13. Read the following two Song poems, and then answer the questions. (6 points)
Farewell Chu ① Ouyang Xiu
The flowers are bright and the willows are bright, see me off before drinking wine.
I am as drunk as usual, so I don’t want to teach the strings and instruments to make separate sounds.
At night, I send Fen Ning to Du Jiansou ② ??Huang Tingjian
A meander of water flows eastward from Yangguan, and a fishing boat lights up the sun.
I am just as drunk as usual, and the wind and moon in the river fill me with sorrow for others.
Note: ① In the eighth year of Qingli, Ouyang Xiu was changed from the magistrate of Chuzhou to the magistrate of Yangzhou. This poem was written at that time. ② Fenning is now Xiushui, Jiangxi, the poet’s hometown. This poem was written by the poet when he left home to go to work.
(1) Both poems use the word "daily drunk", but the emotions expressed are different. Please give a brief appreciation based on the specific content of the poem. (3 points)
(2) Both poems have distinctive endings. Which one do you like better? Please explain why. (3 points)
14. Fill in the gaps in the following famous passages. (5 points)
(1); The formation of wild geese is frightening, and the sound breaks the Hengyang Pu. (Wang Bo's "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng")
(2) Climb to Donggao to soothe the whistle, (Tao Yuanming's "Come Back and Come Back")
(3) Weeping at the maiden's solitary boat woman. (Su Shi's "Red Cliff Ode")
(4) There is such a couplet in Du Fu's poem "
Read the text below and answer questions 15-17.
The chivalrous spirit of Tang poetry
Since the Han and Wei dynasties, the image of the knight-errant has begun to emerge in poetry. However, it was not until the Tang Dynasty, especially during the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, that the praise of knights rose like a peak and became a common song in the whole society. The spirit of chivalry in Tang poetry is not an isolated or accidental phenomenon. It expanded with the arrival of the climax of Tang poetry and became a generational trend in the poetry world.
The specific content of the so-called Ren Xia spirit generally includes the following aspects, namely: the mind of resolving difficulties and serving the world; the conduct of valuing wealth and charity, valuing friendship and kindness; The demeanor of "being capable, ashamed of defeating virtue"; the consciousness of favoring martial arts over Confucianism, and the personality of being bold and bold, not caring about etiquette and law. All of these were once collectively referred to as "the righteousness of chivalrous people" by Sima Qian. Not only were they comprehensively praised in the poetry of the Tang Dynasty, but because they were combined and penetrated with the progressive ideals of the times, they appeared more healthy, vivid, and powerful than ever before.
The praise of the "martial arts" spirit in the poetry of the prosperous Tang Dynasty shines with the ideal of life that serves the world. This and the consciousness of "underestimating Confucianism" promote the ideal of being a knight in both positive and negative aspects. As a result, it presents a "non-literary" appearance. The admiration for the heroic, upright and unruly character is also combined with the ideological content of being anti-etiquette, anti-power and anti-dogma. The poet's concentrated singing of the image of the knight-errant, as well as his exploration and praise of the chivalrous spirit in life, express the unique spiritual outlook of this era. It is obviously not regulated and caged by ideologies such as Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism, but it is an unquestionable part of the ideological content and aesthetic style of Tang poetry.
The reason why the spirit of Ren Xia became a prominent literary phenomenon in the Tang Dynasty was because the social life at that time provided a deep foundation for it. The prevailing knight-errant ethos in society, once combined with the historical needs and social trends of thought in a specific period, formed a powerful spiritual force, thus affecting people's life ideals and literary ideals. The accumulation of commercial assets and the expansion of the city provided a material basis for the activities of the rangers; the large-scale incorporation and migration of the northern nomadic people not only injected fresh blood into the Chinese culture, but also made their heroic and brave customs penetrate into the inland. . However, the fundamental reason why poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty invariably drew poetic sentiment from the Ren Xia ethos was that it provided the spiritual power needed by this era.
The aesthetic significance of the spirit of chivalry in Tang poetry is that it shows us a character full of pioneering spirit and a strong character. It faces the reality directly with its clear-eyed belief full of prospects. The sense of struggle and the bold spirit of daring to speak and do formed the most energetic youth period during the rise of China's feudal society. What it embodies is the beauty of force and movement, thus becoming a historical proof of the vitality of the Chinese nation. This is one of the mysteries that constitutes the eternal charm of Tang poetry.
15. Among the following Tang Dynasty poems, one that does not reflect the spirit of "Ren Xia" is
A. There are ten thousand wines in Xinfeng, and there are many years of wandering in Xianyang.
B. Why don’t men take Wu hooks and collect them from the fifty states of Guanshan?
C. If you are proud of life, you must have all the fun, and don’t let the golden bottle stand empty against the moon.
D. It is better to be a centurion than a scholar.
16. Regarding the understanding of the underlined sentences in the text, the correct one is
A. The spirit of "martial arts" shines with the Tang people's life ideal of serving the world, while the consciousness of "underestimating Confucianism" gives the poetry of the Tang Dynasty a "non-literati" appearance.
B. "Advocating martial arts" and "disrespecting Confucianism" promoted the ideal of being a knight, and the latter gave Tang poetry a "non-literati" appearance.
C. The praise of "martial arts" in the poetry of the prosperous Tang Dynasty positively promoted the ideal of Ren Xia, while the negation of "disregarding Confucianism" promoted the ideal of Ren Xia from the negative side. The combination of the two made the poetry of the prosperous Tang Dynasty present a A "non-literary" appearance.
D. There is no contradiction between "promoting martial arts" and "disrespecting Confucianism". While they promoted the ideal of being a knight, they also gave the poetry of the Tang Dynasty a "non-literary" appearance.
17. Please summarize the reasons why the spirit of "Ren Xia" became a prominent literary phenomenon in the Tang Dynasty:
6. Read the following text and complete questions l8 to 21. (18 points)
The sound of thatched cottage Zhao Weiping
① "Historical Records" says that Yu Shun wore a bamboo hat and clothes and carefully built a thatched cottage. Du Fu sang "Thatched cottage is moved by the autumn wind" "Broken Song", this hut is essentially a thatched hut.
② In the 1970s, immigrants migrated to the salty land where the ponds had just been encircled and began to "build nests."
The construction method is really simple. A few bamboos are tied together. The roof is made of evenly spread bundles of straw. The walls are made of straw tied to bamboo poles. The straw from the land wraps the house. The sun is shining brightly, and when you look up at the thick straw eaves, you will feel the warmth of contentment and the overlap of life passing by.
③When I was a child, I heard this sentence from my mother or other villagers: "There are only lazy people, and there is no lazy land." In fact, the fields by the sea are deceiving enough even if they are not lazy. Reed roots, willow grass and the like cover the ground like a net. The roots are intertwined and dense, growing wildly in groups. Farmers cultivating crops often fight against them like guerrilla warfare and tug-of-war. However, in the end it was those people who were as tough as reeds who conquered the pieces of land behind the thatched cottages. When spring comes, a bright green scene is put together. In summer, the green is deeper and greener, like a lake or the sea, with blue waves. A few flashes of lightning, a few thunders, several winds and rains, the blending of green and yellow, each realistic watercolor is well deserved. The autumn colors dyed the golden autumn scenery, and slowly walked towards the fields. In the last field of harvest, the lights of the thatched hut turned on. The owner inside wiped the beads of sweat from his forehead and washed his calloused hands, and then a few simple and honest laughter came from the crack in the door. .
④The thatched cottage is cozy. But thatched cottage sometimes experiences some thrilling helplessness and trembling. Often during the flood season, when the flood control horn at the entrance of the village sounds, the men, women, and children in the thatched houses rush to the seaside with shovels and skippers. This is a war without hesitation, and they want to restrain the crazy hands and feet of the sea. Once, the waves broke through the embankment, and the gray-yellow roof of the thatched house floated on the turbid yellow water. After the sea water recedes, the thatched cottages are still almost intact. The thatched cottages can withstand the cold and scorching heat, but they always have access to the water. This is just like the boundless water flowing over the clumps of life-loving grasses, which cleverly crawl on the earth. , after the water has passed, and the sun shines, it can still grow upward vigorously!
⑤ What the thatched house left in my memory is more of tranquility. I once lived in a two-and-a-half-room thatched hut. There was a circle of mulberry grass planted around the grass bolts on the door wall all year round. It was a bit like the leaves of an orchid. This grass never withered all year round and seemed to light up the greenery of the thatched hut all year round. . There are two trees in front of and behind the thatched house. There is a tall plane tree in the northeast corner of the house. The branches of the plane tree are rough and majestic. In early summer, the large leaves on the bottom of the pot and the purple flowers like trumpets sway high together; in the southwest corner of the house, There is a jujube tree with slender branches and lush leaves growing on the side. I often watch the jujube flowers falling rustlingly under the eaves, and then watch how the rice-like jujubes grow into plump and rosy like a girl, and then, I will figure out how to do it. Fold a long bamboo pole and gradually knock down the delicious food. Two trees one behind the other protect the thatched house, making it more peaceful and affectionate.
⑥Snow in winter is a different kind of scenery for thatched cottages. Looking up at the snowflakes floating in through the chopping board-sized skylight, there was first the sound of rubbing with straw, and then the sound of "rustling" snowflakes squeezing together. Finally, like Shen Yun, the snow was stepped on silently. Full. The world is covered with snow, and the snow on the thatched huts has covered the grass. Each thatched hut has become a fairy tale with endless meaning. When the snow melts, the elves who peel off the water from the thatched hut seem to be unwilling to be real. After leaving, the moment he passed the eaves, he froze in the air. The condensed sculpture became bigger and bigger, and hung longer and longer. There were such strings of ice hanging from the top of almost every straw. Looking from a distance, the ice was like a string. The strings are like notes jumping up and down on the keys
⑦The thatched house is speechless. But I believe that people who come out of the thatched house will have various understandings of the thatched house and can hear the various things that come out of the thatched house. Sound!
18. Based on the content of the full text, what “voices” does the author “hear”? (4 points) 19. Write the underlined sentence in the third natural paragraph What is the content? What are the characteristics of the expression? (6 points)
20. In the natural paragraph ⑤, it describes the everlasting moss and the sycamore and jujube trees in front and behind the thatched house. What role does it play? (4 points)
21. The title of this article is "The Voice of the Thatched House". The seventh paragraph also says that "The Thatched House is Silent". How do you understand this seemingly contradictory statement? And evaluate the author’s thoughts, feelings and attitude towards life contained in the article (4 points) 7. Language knowledge and application (11 points) 22. Read the following text, Answer questions as asked.
(3 points)
One hundredth of a second after the explosion, the temperature of the universe was about 100 billion degrees Celsius, hotter than the center of the hottest star, making it impossible to gather into any ordinary The material components of an explosion cannot be aggregated into molecules, atoms or even nuclei. What can be rapidly separated from each other in an explosion are various basic particles, one type is electrons, the other type is positrons, and various neutral particles in roughly equal numbers. micron. Beyond that it is filled with light. As the explosion continued, the temperature dropped. At the end of the first three seconds, it drops to a billion degrees, a temperature that allows neutrons and protons to begin to form composite nuclei. At this time, the universe was mainly composed of photons, neutrinos and antineutrinos, and nuclear matter still only accounted for a small proportion. After another few hundred thousand years, the temperature finally cooled down enough for electrons to form atoms with hydrogen and helium nuclei.
Based on the materials, briefly summarize the changes in matter during the cosmic explosion at different times. (Each point should not exceed 15 words)
23. Fill in the blank spaces according to the meaning of the given words. Pay attention to the cohesion of content and the appropriate use of rhetorical techniques. (4 points)
The most beautiful moment in spring is dawn. The sky is slightly flushed with red and purple clouds, and the flowers on the ground slowly wake up to start a new day. Summer is the most beautiful. .
The most beautiful part of autumn is dusk. The setting sun shines on the mountains, and flocks of wild geese are eager to return, soaring high with their wings high. The cry of the wild geese has moved many immigrants. Winter is the most beautiful. .
24. Fill in the sentences between the horizontal lines below in order. The most appropriate group of connections is ( ) (4 points)
Friends who have been to Mengshan have been thinking about the rain. The hundred-year-old hawthorn tree next to the Wang Temple, I want to pick a few hawthorns to take back. When we came to the tree, we looked up and saw.
① There is no more hawthorn,
② The branches near the mountain road
③ There are only some branches on the treetops and sticking out of the cliff. Clusters of red hawthorn fruits were swaying in the wind and rain.
④ I think they were all picked by tourists.
⑤ Because everyone couldn’t reach it,
⑥ So they had to smile with regret.
A． ②①④③⑤⑥ B． ①②③⑤④⑥C. ①②③④⑤⑥ D． ②①③④⑥⑤
8. Composition (60 points)
25. Read the following text and compose according to the requirements. (60 points) In the first five years of its life, you can hardly observe the growth of Moso bamboo, even if the living environment is ideal. But as soon as five years pass, it begins to grow, as if by magic, at a rapid rate of two feet a day, reaching a height of ninety feet in six weeks.
Of course, there is no magic in this world. The rapid growth of moso bamboo depends on its miles-long root system. In fact, it seemed unknown at first and has been quietly growing its roots. It took five years to arm itself and finally created its own myth. ?
What do you think after reading this article? Please use "Obscurity and Astonishing Myths" as the topic, decide your own idea, make up your own title, choose your own style, and write an article of no less than 800 words. article.
1. A 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B
11. C 12. (1) An Tong personally went to the house where he lived to greet her and talked with him for a long time. After coming back, he missed her for several days and could not forget her. (4 points) (2) Due to famine recently, thieves are running amok. If a few are not killed publicly, there is no way to express punishment.
(4 points)
13. (1) The word "daily drunkenness" in European poetry describes the poet's expression and mood when he was drinking happily with the guests, and the poet's contradictory and excited mood. The sincere and friendly feelings shown by the local people during the practice made the poet's My heart couldn't be calm for a long time. The "daily drunk" in Huang's poem means that I am just drunk as usual. "The sentimentality of the scenery below contrasts with his own complete intoxication, so his drunkenness is an external manifestation of drinking to drown his sorrows.
(2) There are two answers. I like the conclusion of European poems. The conclusion is used as music for the farewell banquet. Because parting is imminent, the more pleasant the tune is, the more I feel in my heart. Uncomfortable. The conclusion is thought-provoking and the poem is full of charm.
Another one: I like the conclusion of Huang's poem. The conclusion is that the wind and moon filling the sky make people sad. The desolation sets off people's melancholy. The objects are used as human beings, and the scenery is used to convey emotions, which is meaningful. (3 points)
14. (1) The fishing boat sings late, and the sound is on the poor Pengli shore ( 2) Composing poems near the clear stream (3) Dancing the hidden dragon in the secluded valley (4) "The Prime Minister of Shu" Three visits to the world (***5 points, 1 point for each empty moment)
15. C Introducing Li Bai's "Jinjinjiu", which expresses the idea that life must be timely and enjoyable.
16. D "Warrior" and "Confucianism" are opposites, *** At the same time, Tang poetry presents a "non-literati" appearance; item C is wrong to "deny the 'disregarding Confucianism'"
17. ① It is because the social life at that time provided it with. Deep soil. ② It provides the spiritual strength needed in this era (1 point for a correct answer, 3 points for all correct answers) 18. The thatched house gives people the warmth of contentment and the warmth of life. A sense of importance; the owner of the thatched house is hard-working, tenacious, simple and honest; the environment of the thatched house is peaceful and affectionate; the scenery of the thatched house is unique and meaningful (1 point for each point, ***4 points)
19. ) In the order of seasonal changes, it depicts the moving "pictured scenes" that appeared on the conquered land (2 points) (2) From light green to dark green, blue and yellow to gold, it highlights the color changes of the "pictured scenery" (2 points). ). Use metaphors, parallelism, personification and other rhetorical techniques, and the language is vivid and full of charm.
20. The green grass of the grass is used as the protector. The thatched house, (2 points) brings out the tranquility and affection of the thatched house (2 points)
21. The silence of the thatched house is not inconsistent with the meaning of the title, through the narration of the thatched house and the "voice" of the thatched house. , expresses the author's memories of life in thatched huts, (1 point) a true praise of the owner of thatched huts, and a deep nostalgia for the thatched huts and their sounds, (1 point) embodies the author's otherworldly taste and positive pursuit of life (2 points). (As long as the meaning is correct)
22. (1) (at one hundredth of a second) various elementary particles are rapidly separated; (2) (at the end of the first three seconds) neutrons and protons are formed Composite atomic nuclei; (3) (hundreds of thousands of years later) electrons, hydrogen nuclei and helium nuclei make up atoms (1 point each) 23. The most beautiful night in summer is certainly beautiful. , but in the pitch-black night, swarms of fireflies dancing together are really charming. The most beautiful thing in winter is in the morning. There is snow all over the ground, children are chasing each other, throwing snowballs and playing, and groups of sparrows are also chirping in the open space or among the branches. (Requirements: Write the time, and use comparative rhetorical techniques when writing about scenery or characters’ activities. 2 points for each item. 1 point for time, 1 point for comparison, and the meaning is reasonable and smooth)
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