The roles and uses of anhydrous ethanol are as follows:
I. Roles
1. Solvent and dehydrating agent: anhydrous ethanol is the organic solvent par excellence. In the laboratory, it is used to dissolve a variety of organic and inorganic compounds, prepare chemical reagents, and dilute solutions. This is because its polarity allows it to interact with many compounds. Due to its hydrophilic nature, anhydrous ethanol is used as a dehydrating agent. It is able to absorb water and is used to prepare anhydrous compounds and remove water.
2, drug preparation and cleaning and disinfection: Anhydrous ethanol is used in the preparation of drugs and pharmaceutical preparations, including oral drugs, injections and drug solutions. It helps to dissolve drug components, making them easy to prepare and use. Anhydrous ethanol has bactericidal and disinfectant properties, so it is commonly used to clean and disinfect medical equipment, laboratory instruments, and for hand disinfection.
3, cosmetics, personal care products and the food industry: anhydrous ethanol is often used in the preparation of perfumes, oral mouthwashes, skin care products and other personal care products. It helps dissolve fragrances and active ingredients into the product. Anhydrous ethanol is used in the food industry for the preparation of flavors, food additives, and the extraction of natural flavors and colors. It helps to enhance the flavor and color of food products.
4, ultrasonic cleaning and chemical analysis: anhydrous ethanol is used in ultrasonic cleaning equipment for cleaning and removing dirt, especially useful in laboratory and medical equipment cleaning. Anhydrous ethanol is used to prepare standard solutions, dilute samples and prepare samples for analytical techniques. This helps in chemical analysis and laboratory research.
Two, use
1, ethanol is an important organic solvent, widely used in various aspects of medicine, paints, hygiene products, cosmetics, oils and fats, accounting for about 50% of the total consumption of ethanol. Ethanol is an important basic chemical raw materials, used in the manufacture of acetaldehyde, ethylene, ethylamine, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, chloroethane and so on.
2, derived from medicine, dyes, paints, spices, synthetic rubber, detergents, pesticides and other products, many intermediates, its products up to 300 kinds of products, ethanol as a chemical product intermediates are gradually declining, many products such as acetaldehyde, acetic acid is no longer used as a raw material for ethanol and other raw materials instead.
3, 75% of the aqueous solution of ethanol has a strong bactericidal ability, is a commonly used disinfectant. After special refining of ethanol can also be used to make beverages. Similar to methanol, ethanol can be used as energy. Some countries have begun to use ethanol alone as automobile fuel or blended into gasoline to save gasoline.
Anhydrous ethanol operation, disposal and storage
Operation notes
1, closed operation, full ventilation. Operators must be specially trained to strictly comply with the operating procedures. It is recommended that operators wear filtered gas masks and anti-static work clothes. Keep away from fire and heat source, smoking is strictly prohibited in the workplace. Use explosion-proof ventilation system and equipment. Prevent vapors from leaking into the workplace air.
2. Avoid contact with oxidizing agents, acids, alkali metals and amines. Filling should control the flow rate, and grounding devices to prevent static buildup. Equipped with the appropriate variety and number of fire-fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment. Empty containers may retain harmful substances.
Two, storage precautions
Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. The storage temperature should not exceed 30℃. Keep the container sealed. Should be stored separately from oxidizers, acids, alkali metals, amines, etc., do not mix storage. Use explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities. Prohibit the use of mechanical equipment and tools that are easy to generate sparks. The storage area should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and suitable shelter materials.