A thesis manuscript
The thesis is the author of a specific selection of research, experimental research, clinical research results and clinical work experience of the summary, and sometimes also put forward certain hypotheses or views. It is a response to the level of scientific research of specific units and individuals, and is also an important part of medical journals and magazines. This type of paper is novel in content, rational in design, correct in methodology, clear in argumentation and credible in conclusion. Generally include the following types:
(a) experimental research
Most of the etiology, pathology, physiology, pharmacology, microbiology, parasites and other aspects of the research. Including a variety of animal experiments, new technologies, new methods of experimentation: the extraction or synthesis of new drugs, pharmacology and toxicity tests: animal surgical experiments: a disease of soldiers or the cause of the in vitro experiments: some of the drugs to see the, antibacterial, antiparasitic experiments: the study of disinfection, insecticidal, rodenticidal experimental research.
(B) case analysis
Clinical departments have a certain number of a certain disease (generally more than a hundred cases is good) of the etiology, clinical manifestations, typing, treatment and efficacy of analysis, discussion, lessons learned and put forward new insights and recommendations to improve the efficacy of treatment.
(3) therapeutic observation
refers to the use of a new drug, a new method of treatment of a disease, the treatment method, therapeutic effect, dosage regimen, adverse reactions, etc. to take a double-blind method or the establishment of a control group, on the old and the new drugs (therapies) to compare the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment, including the efficacy of the treatment, therapy and the advantages and disadvantages of the drug, the type and degree of adverse reactions, and whether it has the value of the popularization of application The study was conducted by a team of experts from the University of California, Berkeley, and the University of California, Berkeley.
(D) survey report
In a certain range of people, the incidence of a disease (infectious diseases, epidemics, endemic diseases, occupational diseases), morbidity, pathogenesis, pathology, prevention and treatment methods and their effectiveness of epidemiological research. The material obtained from the investigation is analyzed and researched, from which problems are raised, analyzed, solved, the law of the problem is identified, evaluation is given, and recommendations are made for the treatment of antipathy.
Second, the review of manuscripts
Literature review is a kind of literature review by a certain topic as the center, collect a large number of recent 3-5 years of primary medical literature, after digestion, analysis, induction, synthesis, collation of a thematic academic papers, its content field including historical review, the current situation, focus of the debate, the existence of the problem, the future outlook and the latest development. It generally reflects the latest progress, academic insights and future prospects and suggestions of a certain discipline or important topic in a certain field, reflecting the new dynamics, new trends, new levels, new discoveries, new principles and new technologies of the relevant issues, and providing the readers with the latest information on medical and health research. It is a valuable literature paper and should not be a simple literature pair cut. Good tattoo totals are often written by experienced experts who help to formulate questions and research directions. For graduate students and young medical professionals, writing an article review is a great way to learn. Through writing, you can post a more comprehensive understanding of a particular topic and lay a better foundation for guiding research clinical teaching.
The literature review is characterized by: synthesis, novelty and integration. The so-called integration refers to the objective information and competent assertions into one, with the literature review expression to discuss. His writing format is generally composed of four parts: preface, body, summary and references.
Third, the case report manuscript
The case report can be generally divided into case reports, clinical case discussion and case synthesis and other forms.
(a) case report
This is the clinical work of the so-called a form of thesis, it is mainly on the clinical encounter of special cases (including rare cases, with special performance and diagnostic difficulties in the case of drug treatment to the special reaction of the case, misdiagnosis, mistreatment of the case worthy of lessons learned, the condition of the performance of the typical, with a clear value of the teaching of the case, etc.) to report the form of case report. The case reports are reported in the form of case reports. Generally, only one or two cases, up to a maximum of five cases, are selected for the purpose of deepening people's understanding of the disease and gradually accumulating experience after publication. Case reports are generally written in the format of the title, case summary discussion, etc., and the length of about 1,000 words.
The key to the case report is that the diagnosis must be clear. For rare, difficult cases should have surgery, biopsy, autopsy examination of the official, or other currently recognized monitoring results to support. Determination of the side effects of a drug should first exclude the possibility of other drugs taken at the same time, clear which drug, and with the discontinuation of the drug, the symptoms disappeared, after taking the drug, the symptoms re-emerged performance, the diagnosis is determined to be reliable.
(B) clinical case discussion
Clinical case discussion will be clinically difficult cases or more complex cases, the diagnosis and treatment of issues such as collective discussion, and strive to arrive at a correct diagnosis and good therapeutic effect, and then briefly collated the content of the discussion into a manuscript. Through the discussion, experience is drawn, lessons are accepted, and the clinical thinking ability of analyzing and solving problems is improved, so as to inspire and improve the diagnosis and treatment level of readers. This type of manuscript is a hundred schools of thought, each expressing their views, brainstorming, *** with the improvement of the true picture, but also an important way to activate the academic atmosphere and ideas.
Clinical case discussion includes the following: case summary, clinical discussion, pathological examination and case discussion and summary.
(C) case synthesis
To summarize the characteristics of the clinical manifestations of a disease case or more cases and treatment regression, with a view to finding a certain regularity. Depending on the number of cases, the form of the paper is different, and the form of a large sample of cases is close to a clinical treatise. The general writing format is: problem, introduction, clinical information, discussion and references.
Fourth, the review of manuscripts
The review of manuscripts is mainly a number of scientific research projects, research topics or a journal article, a book chapter, section or a diagnosis and treatment of a disease, etc., ideological, theoretical, logical and academic comments, the reviewer's insights, assertions, views and opinions, so that the original logic, academic and theoretical more perfect. The reviewer's insights, propositions, ideas and opinions are presented to make the original work more logical, academic and theoretical. The review is usually written by an expert in a certain field, and it has a guiding effect on the research work in that field. The general format of the review is a preface, body and summary.
V. Lecture manuscript
Lecture refers to the teaching of a topic or a subject. According to the different objects, can be divided into popularization lectures and advanced lectures. Through the new theory of modern medical science and technology, new knowledge, new technology, new methods of systematic narrative, so that readers understand the new trends in the development of medical science, improve the structure of knowledge, update technical knowledge, to help grass-roots medical workers to self-education, and promote the progress of medical science and technology.
The lectures are characterized by practicality, novelty, and systematicity. Novelty is the core of lectures. Especially advanced lectures should have novelty to disseminate medical information and promote the popularization and development of medical science. Lecture writing requires focused, standardized and accurate, concise and easy to understand, and high quality manuscripts. Lectures are generally composed of a preface, the main body and references to three parts, some lectures can also be accompanied by reflection questions as needed.
Sixth, new technologies and methods of manuscripts
New technologies and methods of manuscripts are mainly to introduce the application of new technologies and methods, and explain the principles and knowledge. This type of manuscripts in the medical field has a greater practicality, it is conducive to the dissemination and promotion of new technologies and methods of Russia, is conducive to improving the level of diagnosis and treatment and technology, and play a good role in promoting and demonstrating medical research.
The scope of new technologies and methods is very wide, including new surgical methods, new diagnostic methods, new empirical techniques and other auxiliary inspection techniques, the application of new equipment, and the experience and results of innovation and reform on the basis of the original.
The characteristics of the new technology and method of manuscripts is that it should have the description of the new technology, new methods, new instruments, operating methods and steps, which is also the focus of the writing; to introduce or explore in detail the principles of the new technology and new methods, in the process of the actual application of the actual summary or description of the use of the situation and its effect; the need to seriously and objectively discuss and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the new and old technology or method, and Propose further improvements.
Seventh, Chinese medicine manuscripts
Chinese medicine manuscripts are produced or explore the motherland medicine academic views, theories and clinical research academic papers. At present, there is no uniform specification requirements for Chinese medicine manuscript editing and processing, but the manuscript should be written with distinctive characteristics of Chinese medicine, according to the traditional characteristics of the motherland medicine to write, in line with the principles of Chinese medicine.
Chinese medicine manuscripts in the characteristic medical case medical words is the motherland of medicine for academic exchanges, dissemination and inheritance of Chinese medicine, a manuscript subject matter, with the basic characteristics of Chinese medicine manuscripts, the form of expression of the unique style of the schools of Chinese medicine. This kind of manuscript should be written according to the Chinese medicine of the identification and treatment and reasoning, method, formula, the basic spirit of medicine, so that the level is clear, structural integrity, focus, adjusting the bright.
Nine, abstracts of manuscripts
Abstracts of manuscripts are brief, accurate excerpts of an article. Should be mainly excerpts of the paper's theme, research methods, objectives, results and conclusions of the information. Its content is actually secondary intelligence, individual parts may also include to secondary intelligence specifically. According to its purpose can be divided into four kinds of reporting abstracts, indicative abstracts, compressed abstracts, specialized abstracts.
X. Translation of manuscripts
Translation is a report on foreign medicine and health advanced science and technology of a class of translated manuscripts. Often in English, Japanese, Russian, German and French for the translation of the language. The process of translation includes understanding, expression, checking and finalization of four consecutive links. The translation should be rich in content, novel and advanced, and the selected topic should be suitable for the needs, and the response should be prompt and timely. The translation should be clear in concept, strict in logic, error-free in data, concise in text, and express the content and style of the original work accurately and faithfully in standardized Chinese language. Translators can translate according to the needs of our country, according to the scientific, academic, prior and practical nature of the assistance. The translated manuscripts can be divided into translation of the full text, abridged translation or excerpted translation and translation of the digest.
XI, briefing papers
Briefing papers time to report on certain aspects of scientific research results, a small number of cases or work experience of the report of the manuscript.
Twelve, medical science and technology articles
Medical science and technology articles to medicine knowledge and medical technology as the content, with popular science and technology language in-depth to the general public to introduce the prevention and treatment of disease, health care knowledge and skills, so that human knowledge of their own relationship with nature, to improve self-regulation and self-protection capabilities. Medical science manuscripts have obvious practicality and relevance, according to its content, nature can be divided into the following three categories:
(a) knowledge of medical science papers
Its task is to enrich the readers with the basic knowledge of medicine, enlightenment, to arouse people's interest in the mystery of life, to obtain all aspects of health care knowledge. The form of writing can be based on different contents and objects using dialog, shallow, interesting, historical, self-reporting and so on.
(B) literary medical science paper
It is the use of medical science art techniques, to disseminate to the reader medical science and technology knowledge and information. The writing form is generally used report literature, medical fiction, poetry, fairy tales, science fiction, fables, television, biography and other forms.
(C) technical medical science paper
It is through the introduction of a variety of new technologies and new methods to open up the reader's horizons, to understand the dynamics of medical science and technology, to increase the reader's knowledge. This kind of manuscript is advanced and practical, from the national conditions of our country, the introduction of the most practical, the most advanced medical diagnosis, treatment and health care technology, but also can be used to write appropriate literary techniques.
Thirteen, medical news reports class manuscripts
This type of manuscripts refers to the newly occurred in the field of medicine or health factual reports, including medicine and science and technology research results and their promotion and application of the situation, medical practitioners of the ideological dynamics, style of work, professional ethics, scientific research activities, academic exchanges, important academic conferences, as well as medicine and health-related guidelines, policies and measures to report on. The report on the policy, policies and measures.
The medical news should not only have the **** of ordinary news, such as true, accurate, fresh, timely, brief, factual, dissemination of information on medicine, but also scientific, intellectual and popular Deng characteristics.
Medical news reports are wide-ranging, rich in content and diverse in subject matter. It is roughly the same subject matter and general news, can be divided into information, newsletters, features, interviews, newsletters, etc., writing methods and techniques also vary according to the content, the object.
Fourteen, meeting documents reproduced or reprinted manuscripts
Conference documents reproduced or reprinted, including some nationally important medical academic conference opening speech, closing speech, important reports and speeches, minutes of the meeting or an important national and regional professional meeting to discuss the adoption of academic summaries, diagnostic criteria, prevention and treatment programs.
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