Thus, the precautions and essential items to take when setting out become a top priority for Tibetans. If you want to avoid and detect abnormalities in advance, you have to monitor your physical condition at all times. Therefore, portable medical equipment has become a must-have item for Tibetans.
If you want to go to a faraway plateau and have a free and brave trip, you have to put away this kind of strategy to deal with plateau reaction!
First, let's take a look at the characteristics of the plateau environment:As the altitude of the plateau rises, the air pressure will drop significantly. Although the oxygen concentration in the air is still about 21%, the partial pressure of oxygen drops significantly. For example, the partial pressure of oxygen in the air at an altitude of 3,000 meters is 110mmHg, which is significantly lower than the 159mmHg in the plains, not to mention the higher altitude of Tibet and Qinghai.
Hypoxia is the main factor affecting the human body in the plateau environment, threatening the health of personnel entering the plateau. When the degree of hypoxia exceeds the individual's adaptive adjustment range, it will trigger a series of pathophysiological reactions. Tourists traveling in the plateau, due to the short stay and limited adjustment range, are likely to experience plateau reaction.
The so-called plateau disease is a common and special disease in the plateau area. It is a group of clinical syndromes caused by acute or chronic plateau hypoxia, characterized by normal physiological dysfunction of one or more systems.
According to statistics, 50% ~ 75% of people in the plains can experience acute plateau reaction when they quickly enter the plateau above 3000 meters above sea level. In addition to acute plateau reaction, there are two more serious ones - plateau pulmonary edema and plateau cerebral edema.
Of these, acute plateau reaction is the most common of the three acute plateau reactions, with the main symptom being a headache, which usually appears 2-12 hours after arriving at high altitude. In addition, there are gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. anorexia, nausea, vomiting), fatigue, dizziness or sleep disturbance. Acute altitude sickness usually resolves in 24 to 48 hours after the body has acclimatized to the high altitude.
Plateau cerebral edema is a further exacerbation of acute altitude reaction and is usually accompanied by plateau pulmonary edema. When plateau cerebral edema occurs, in addition to the symptoms of acute altitude reaction, there will be weakness, ****济调调, drowsiness, blurred consciousness (similar to alcoholism) and other symptoms significantly aggravated. Early manifestations of plateau pulmonary edema for acute plateau reaction of people with dry cough aggravation, headache, dyspnea or cyanosis and other symptoms, a small number of outbreaks of patients with extreme dyspnea, irritability or delirium and other symptoms, coughing up a large number of pink foamy sputum, lungs in all parts of the thick wet rhonchi and wheezing sound.
When plateau cerebral edema or plateau pulmonary edema develops, it is important to go to a lower altitude for immediate treatment. The mortality rate for untreated plateau cerebral edema is 14%. The mortality rate for untreated plateau pulmonary edema is 40%. When ****jetty disorder occurs, it can be life-threatening if the altitude is not lowered within 24 hours.
Some tourists, because of the lack of oxygen, affecting the brain's judgment, or because the symptoms are not obvious, by the time it is discovered has caused irreparable damage to the body.
So, it is recommended that when traveling in the district plateau, you should bring some portable oxygen cylinders, and blood oxygen meter and other necessary plateau equipment in case of emergency!